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Rethinking de novo immune hepatitis,an old concept for liver allograft rejection:relevance of glutathione S-transferase T1 mismatch

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第29期24卷 3239-3249页

作者： Isabel Aguilera elena Aguado-Dominguez Jose Manuel Sousa Antonio Nunez-roldan Department of Immunology Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBIS)Hospital Universitario Virgen del RocíoSevilla 41013Spain Digestive and Liver Diseases Service Hospital Universitario Virgen del RocíoSevilla 41013Spain

Antibody-mediated rejection(AMR) in liver transplantation has long been underestimated. The concept of the liver as an organ susceptible to AMR has emerged in recent years, not only in the context of the major histocompatibility complex with the presence of HLA donor-specific antibodies, but also with antigens regarded as "minor", whose role in AMR has been demonstrated. Among them, antibodies against glutathione S-transferase T1 have been found in 100% of patients with de novo autoimmune hepatitis(dn AIH) when studied. In its latest update, the Banff Working Group for liver allograft pathology proposed replacing the term dn AIH with plasma cell(PC)-rich rejection. Antibodies to glutathione S-transferase T1(GSTT1) in null recipients of GSTT1 positive donors have been included as a contributory but nonessential feature of the diagnosis of PC-rich rejection. Also in this update, non-organ-specific anti-nuclear or smooth muscle autoantibodies are no longer included as diagnostic criteria. Although initially found in a proportion of patients with PC-rich rejection, the presence of autoantibodies is misleading since they are not diseasespecific and appear in many different contexts as bystanders. The cellular types and proportions of the inflammatory infiltrates in diagnostic biopsies have been studied in detail very recently. PC-rich rejection biopsies present a characteristic cellular profile with a predominance of T lymphocytes and a high proportion of PCs, close to 30%, of which 16.48% are Ig G4+. New data on the relevance of GSTT1-specific T lymphocytes to PC-rich rejection will be discussed in this review.

关键词： glutathione S-transferase T1 mismatch liver allograft rejection plasma cell-rich rejection de novo autoimmune hepatitis donor-specific antibodies newCAST cell quantification IgG4+plasma cell T lymphocytes

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Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 1-19页

作者： Carolina Montoya Lina roldan Michelle Yu Sara Valliani Christina Ta Maobin Yang Santiago Orrego Department of Oral Health Sciences Kornberg School of DentistryTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Bioengineering Research Group(GIB) Universidad EAFITMedellínColombia Department of Endodontology Kornberg School of DentistryTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Bioengineering Department College of EngineeringTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli(e.g.,mechanical,chemical,electrical,or magnetic signals).The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and development of smart dental biomaterials for antimicrobial applications in *** biomaterial systems offer improved efficacy and controllable bio-functionalities to prevent infections and extend the longevity of dental *** review article presents the current state-of-the-art of design,evaluation,advantages,and limitations of bioactive and stimuli-responsive and autonomous dental materials for antimicrobial ***,the importance and classification of smart biomaterials are ***,the categories of bioresponsive antibacterial dental materials are systematically itemized based on different stimuli,including pH,enzymes,light,magnetic field,and *** each category,their antimicrobial mechanism,applications,and examples are ***,we examined the limitations and obstacles required to develop clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies.

关键词： Antimicrobial Antibacterial Antifungal Smart dental materials Bioresponsive biomaterials Stimuli-responsive Restorative dentistry Biofilm Antibiofilm Bioactive

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Estrogens still represent an attractive therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 93-94页

作者： elena Tamagno Michela Guglielmotto Department of Neuroscience University of TorinoTorinoItaly(Tamagno EGuglielmotto M)Neuroscience Institute of Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation(NICO)University of TorinoTorinoItaly

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that goes f rom mild cogni t ive impai rment in prodromal disease to severely disabling deficits in advanced *** risk for AD development,as well as progression and severity,clearly differ between men and women(Pike,2017).Epidemiological studies have shown that there is a significantly increased prevalence in the development of AD in women compared to men,which is usually explained by the longer lifespan of *** increased frequency may be due to the interplay between age and sex,in which genetic factors together with hormonal and metabolic patterns play a crucial ***,cognitive impairment has been confirmed to be greater in women than in men at the same stage of AD,likely due to reduced estrogen levels in postmenopausal women(Laws et al.,2016).

关键词： Alzheimer attractive therapeutic

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Design and optimization of supersonic turbines for detonation combustors

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第11期35卷 33-44页

作者： Jorge SOUSA elena COLLADO-MORATA Guillermo PANIAGUA Flemish InstituteforTechnological Research Mol 2400Belgium Commissariat à lénergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Le Barp 33114France Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest-Lafayette IN 47906USA

Detonation-based engines offer a potential surge in efficiency for compact thermal power systems. However, these cycles require ad-hoc components adapted to the high outlet velocity from the detonation combustors. This paper presents the design methodology of turbine stages suitable for supersonic inlet conditions and provides a detailed analysis of optimized turbine geometries. A reduced-order solver examines the supersonic blade rows’ functional design space, quantifies the turbine’s non-isentropic performance, and budgets the turbine loss for different optimized leading-edge designs and chord to pitch ratios. The shock-wave interactions were identified as the predominant contributor to turbine losses, and optimal pitch-chord ratios were determined for various inlet Mach numbers. Finally, with this tool, the specific-power output for a wide range of design configurations was computed;and the metal angle that ensures flow starting and maximizes power extraction was calculated. The detailed numerical study describes the flow interactions in a supersonic turbine and offers new correlations to guide the design of future supersonic turbines.

关键词： Rotating detonation Shock waves Supersonic flow Turbines Unstarting

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Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Plasma Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals with COVID-19 and Post-COVID Syndrome

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 12-24页

作者： David Alejandro García López Stephania Ramos Hernández Yamile López-Hernández María Argelia López Luna elena Donaji Ramírez Alvarado Rosa María Ramírez Santoyo Sergio Hugo Sánchez Rodríguez Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Neurobiología Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Proteómica Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Bacterias y Hongos filamentosos Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas

COVID-19 generates systematic alterations in humans both in active stages of infection and over time, called post-COVID syndrome. Cortisol is a hormone that is overexpressed in inflammation and cellular stress processes. Its main function is to return to physiological homeostasis, so its evaluation together with other clinical parameters can allow us to determine the degree of systemic affectation by COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate changes in clinical parameters and plasma cortisol concentrations in patients with active COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. Material and Methods: Healthy patients, in stages of mild infection, critical and with post-COVID syndrome, were recruited, obtaining, through clinical diagnoses and interviews, their main clinical characteristics, in addition to plasma, in which cortisol concentrations were determined using competitive ELISA. Results: The critical stage group had higher frequencies of comorbidities, clinical symptoms, as well as more altered laboratory parameters compared to the other subgroups. In the post-COVID syndrome group after the initial infection, most laboratory parameters recovered, however, several clinical symptoms remained latent over time. The determination of cortisol showed an increase in its concentration, being higher in patients in critical stage and with post-COVID syndrome. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease generates clinical alterations that trigger an increase in plasma cortisol. These alterations increase as the stages of infection become more severe and some of them remain altered in patients with post-COVID syndrome.

关键词： COVID-19 Cortisol Post-COVID Syndrome

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The dual choice of geodetic horizontal reference systems for Ukraine

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第3期14卷 254-264页

作者： elena Novikova Alena Palamar Rostyslav Lopunov Department of Geodesy State Higher Educational InstitutionKryvyi Rih National UniversityKryvyi RihUkraine

Almost all European countries use at least two horizontal reference systems, which allow them to minimize all risks when changing the coordinate system. The first system is used for the needs of the national survey in general, and also for technical applications in engineering surveys. A brief description of this system can be written by the formula: Geocentric Ellipsoid(GRS80) + Projection(UTM). More than half of the European countries for the second national systems use the GRS80 geocentric ellipsoid together with a projection other than UTM, some of them continue to use the projection of the old coordinate systems. The rest of the countries, excluding Ukraine, adapted the existing national coordinate systems to modern requirements, removing deformations from them concerning the ETRS89. A small number of European countries have implemented the GRS80 geocentric ellipsoid together with the UTM projection for cadastral surveys and topographic maps with a scale of 1:5000 and larger. Only one country, Ukraine, chose a variant for the new coordinate system(UCS2000), which is briefly written by the formula: Old Not Geocentric Ellipsoid + New Projection. The analysis of modern coordinate systems of Europe made it possible to formulate two variants of the future coordinate system of Ukraine based on a geocentric ellipsoid. It is shown that the transition to a geocentric ellipsoid will change the coordinates and heights of the points, but practically will not change the distance between the points and the area of the parcels.

关键词： UTM GRS80 Projection parameters Quantitative characteristics of land parcels UCS2000

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Comparison Analysis of Longitudinal Electrical Conductivity Distribution and Seismic Tomography Velocity Models for the Central Tien Shan Region

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第2期34卷 580-587页

作者： Olga Zabinyakova elena Bataleva Irina Medved Research Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Bishkek City Bishkek 720049Kyrgyzstan Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia

The paper is dedicated to consider the approach of longitudinal electrical conductivity maps construction for Central Tien Shan region and to complete the comparison analysis of these maps with related seismic tomography *** results of joint analysis of longitudinal electrical conductivity distribution and seismic tomography velocity models with respect to geological and geophysical senses allow to confirm the already known and to establish the new patterns of structure and geodynamics of the Tien Shan segment of Central Asia such as the manifestation of characteristic structural ensembles,reflection of the longitudinal and transverse segmentation of the Tien Shan,the existence within the framework of a“single”orogen of segments with different near-surface and deep structure and morphological *** well,the correlation between the velocity characteristics and geoelectric properties was *** correlation allows to identify signs of reflection of fault structures in geophysical fields and to clarify the territorial and structural position of both visible and hidden ***,in the paper,the geological interpretation of geophysical anomalies is considered.

关键词： profile magnetotelluric soundings longitudinal electrical conductivity map seismic tomography velocity model Tien Shan geophysics

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Population-specific effects of temperature and photoperiod on development and body mass in Cassida vibex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1810-1826页

作者： Dmitry Kutcherov elena B.Lopatina Department of Entomology St.Petersburg State UniversitySt.PetersburgRussia

An interplay of genetic divergence and phenotypic plasticity in shaping geographic variation is increasingly receiving attention in the entomological literature. Two major environmental variables that govern life histories are temperature and photoperiod. Studies of thermal and photoperiodic reaction norms help us understand how insect diversity evolved and how insects respond to environmental change. We studied survival, development, and body mass in three geographic populations of the beetle Cassida vibex reared in the laboratory under several combinations of constant temperature (16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 °C) and photoperiod (short-day and long-day). The three collection sites are situated along a climatic gradient and separated by hundreds of kilometers. Each population subtly but significantly differs in the absolute values of survival rate, developmental rate, and body mass as well as in the thermal and photoperiodic plasticity of these traits, but the geographic differences do not form a latitudinal cline. The southernmost population from a relatively warm climate survives worse at low temperatures than the other two, but the overall survival is lowest in the latitudinally intermediate population. Short-day conditions tend to accelerate postembryonic development and increase the slope of the developmental rate–temperature relationship, especially so in the intermediate population, followed by the southernmost population and then by the northernmost population. The latter, which inhabits a harsh climate, has the fastest and most temperature-sensitive development, regardless of photoperiod, and attains the largest body mass among the three populations. The intermediately located and photoperiodically plastic population, which lives in a cool but mild climate, in contrast, has the smallest body size. Hence, although the importance of short-day conditions as a seasonal cue increases poleward, the photoperiodic responses do not always become more pronounced in colder

关键词： adaptation life history photoperiodism plasticity reaction norm temperature

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Elucidating the pathological mechanisms of neurodegeneration in the lethal serpinopathy FENIB

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1733-1734页

作者： elena Miranda Giovanna Galliciotti Department of Biology and Biotechnologies‘Charles Darwin’and Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bo-lognetti Foundation Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

The term serpinopathies was introduced to describe a family of diseases caused by point mutations in serine protease inhibitors,or *** inhibit their cognate protease by an irreversible suicide mechanism starting with the attack of the active site serine on the reactive center loop of the inhibitor,followed by formation of a covalent complex between both proteins,insertion of the reactive center loop of the serpin into its own beta-sheet A,and culminating in distortion of the active site of the serine protease and thus irreversible *** inhibitory mechanism,reminiscent of the movement of a mousetrap,requires a structural flexibility that proves to be unfavorable when the folding of the serpin is altered by mutations responsible for conformational rearrangements,allowing an intermolecular domain exchange characterized by the insertion of the C-terminal domain of a molecule into a second one,thus forming a *** of this insertion reaction leads to the formation of serpin polymers that accumulate within the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)of the cell and consequently reduces the secretion of the wild-type serpin(Greene et al.,2016).

关键词： insertion irreversible starting

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Trends in carbon capture technologies:a bibliometric analysis

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 35-70页

作者： Sean Ritchie elena Tsalaporta School of Engineering University College Cork(UCC)College RoadCorkIreland

Climate change is an ever-present issue,which has a vast variety of potential solutions,one of which being carbon *** paper aims to use bibliometric analysis techniques to find trends in carbon capture within the technologies of adsorption,absorption,membranes,and hybrid *** Web of Science core collection database performed bibliometric searches,with the‘Bibliometrix’plug-in for R software,performing the bibliometric *** data spanned across 1997–2020 and the investigation found that adsorption technologies dominated this period in terms of citations and articles,with hybrid technologies being the least produced but rising in scientific productivity and *** Analysis found China and the United States of America to be the dominant producers of articles,with global collaboration being central to carbon ***‘International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control’ranked as the top producer of articles however,the‘ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces’was the leading journal in terms of H-index.

关键词： Carbon capture Bibliometric analysis Absorption Adsorption Membranes Hybrid carbon capture

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