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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： Julia Castillo-González elena González-Rey institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(iPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 682-694页

作者： NoemíSola-Sevilla maider Garmendia-Berges mCarmen mera-Delgado elena Puerta Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Navarra institute for Health Research(idiSNA) PamplonaSpain

Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. in this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.

关键词： interferon inflammation lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factorκB sirtuin 2

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés mercedes Lachén-montes elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-irigoyen Enrique Santamaría Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function in the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation into amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to conditions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).it has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid

Small heat shock protein B8:from cell functions to its involvement in diseases and potential therapeutic applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2872-2886页

作者： marta Chierichetti Riccardo Cristofani Valeria Crippa Veronica Ferrari marta Cozzi elena Casarotto Paola Pramaggiore Laura Cornaggia Guglielmo Patelli Ali mohamed margherita Piccolella mariarita Galbiati Paola Rusmini Barbara Tedesco Angelo Poletti Laboratory of Experimental Biology Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari“Rodolfo Paoletti”(DiSFeB)Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

Heat shock protein family B(small)member 8(HSPB8)is a 22 kDa ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the family of small heat shock ***8 is involved in various cellular mechanisms mainly related to proteotoxic stress response and in other processes such as inflammation,cell division,and ***8 binds misfolded clients to prevent their aggregation by assisting protein refolding or degradation through chaperone-assisted selective *** line with this function,the pro-degradative activity of HSPB8 has been found protective in several neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases characterized by protein misfolding and *** cancer,HSPB8 has a dual role being capable of exerting either a pro-or an anti-tumoral activity depending on the pathways and factors expressed by the model of cancer under ***,HSPB8 exerts a protective function in different diseases by modulating the inflammatory response,which characterizes not only neurodegenerative diseases,but also other chronic or acute conditions affecting the nervous system,such as multiple sclerosis and intracerebellar *** note,HSPB8 modulation may represent a therapeutic approach in other neurological conditions that develop as a secondary consequence of other *** is the case of cognitive impairment related to diabetes mellitus,in which HSPB8 exerts a protective activity by assuring mitochondrial *** review aims to summarize the diverse and multiple functions of HSPB8 in different pathological conditions,focusing on the beneficial effects of its ***-based and alternative therapeutic approaches targeting HSPB8 and its regulated pathways will be discussed,emphasizing how new strategies for cell and tissue-specific delivery represent an avenue to advance in disease treatments.

关键词： aggregation autophagy cancer chaperone chaperone-assisted selective autophagy cognitive impairment HSPB8 neuroinflammation neuromuscular diseases therapy

Palladium installed copper-organic framework for C–C coupling reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yu-mei Wang mei-Xia Tao Kai-ming mo Xu Chen Shu-Hua Zhong elena S Shubina Guo-Hong Ning Dan Li College of Chemistry and materials Science Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination ChemistryJinan University A.N.Nesmeyanov institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences

The formation of C–C bonds is a crucial aspect of organic synthesis. Synthesists' long-term objective is to identify novel catalysts to optimize reaction systems based on traditional transition metal catalysis. This study explores the synthesis and catalytic potential of palladium-installed covalent metal-organic frameworks(CmOFs) based on copper cyclic trinuclear units(Cu-CTUs). By incorporating palladium ions into the imine-based framework JNm-7 through a straightforward immersion method, we achieved a notable enhancement in catalytic activity for critical C–C coupling reactions, including C–H arylation and Sonogashira cross-coupling. The resulting JNm-7-Pd demonstrated remarkable stability and recyclability, maintaining its efficiency over at least three cycles without any decline in efficiency.

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电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响及机制研究

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矿物学报 2025年第6期44卷 835-844页

作者：薛景源董发勤周琳张伟陈禹衡郑飞郭铭 Leonidovna Kotova elena 西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室四川绵阳 621010 西南科技大学环境与资源学院四川绵阳 621010 西南科技大学分析测试中心四川绵阳 621010 mining museum St. Petersburg Mining University Russia St Petersburg 199106

电气石是一种化学成分和结构复杂的非中心对称晶体，具有压电性。前人鲜有探究电气石内部微结构对其压电性的影响，为了深入探讨电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响，本文研究了锂电气石和镁电气石的晶体内微结构（键长、键角）因素和... 详细信息

电气石是一种化学成分和结构复杂的非中心对称晶体，具有压电性。前人鲜有探究电气石内部微结构对其压电性的影响，为了深入探讨电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响，本文研究了锂电气石和镁电气石的晶体内微结构（键长、键角）因素和压电性之间的联系，通过对电气石进行压电测试及X-射线单晶衍射测试，计算其晶体结构扭曲参数和固有电偶极矩，分析电气石压电性与晶体内微结构的关系。研究发现，Y位置主导元素阳离子半径大小会影响Y多面体内键长、键角扭曲参数，影响Y多面体扭曲变形程度，进而引起晶体中其他多面体发生不同程度的扭曲形变，导致其压电性强弱变化。研究结果表明，Li含量较高的电气石其Y多面体扭曲参数更高，压电性更强。且由于电气石围绕c轴旋转对称的结构导致a、b轴方向上提供的固有电偶极矩相互抵消使得同一种属电气石沿c轴方向上的压电性远强于a、b轴方向，同时发现电气石的固有电偶极矩的大小与电气石的压电性呈现正相关，说明利用固有电偶极矩来研究电气石的压电性能是有意义的。本研究为通过结构参数计算探讨具有压电特性的天然矿物或人造材料微结构对其压电性能的影响机制提供了新思路。

关键词：电气石压电性晶体内微结构 X-射线单晶衍射

Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer: Features of infection and their correlations with long-term results of treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6290-6305页

作者： marina A Senchukova Olesya Tomchuk elena i Shurygina Department of Oncology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia Department of Histology CytologyEmbryologyOrenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia Department of Pathology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)is a spiral-shaped bacterium responsible for the development of chronic gastritis,gastric ulcer,gastric cancer(GC),and mALTlymphoma of the *** can be present in the gastric mucosa(Gm)in both spiral and coccoid ***,it is not known whether the severity of Gm contamination by various vegetative forms of *** is associated with clinical and morphological characteristics and long-term results of GC *** To establish the features of *** infection in patients with GC and their correlations with clinical and morphological characteristics of diseases and long-term results of *** Of 109 patients with GC were included in a prospective cohort *** in the Gm and tumor was determined by rapid urease test and by immunohistochemically using the antibody to *** results obtained were compared with the clinical and morphological characteristics and prognosis of *** analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 *** *** was detected in the adjacent to the tumor Gm in 84.5%of cases,of which a high degree of contamination was noted in 50.4%of the *** forms of *** were detected in 93.4%of infected patients,and only coccoid-in 68.9%.it was found that a high degree of Gm contamination by the coccoid forms of *** was observed significantly more often in diffuse type of GC(P=0.024),in poorly differentiated GC(P=0.011),in stage T3-4(P=0.04)and in N1(P=0.011).in cases of moderate and marked concentrations of *** in Gm,a decrease in 10-year relapse free and overall survival from 55.6%to 26.3%was observed(P=0.02 and P=0.07,respectively).The relationship between the severity of the Gm contamination by the spiral-shaped forms of *** and the clinical and morphological characteristics and prognosis of GC was not *** The data obtained indicates that *** may be associated not only with induction but also wit

关键词： Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori Coccoid and spiral forms of bacteria Rapid urease test Relapse free survival Overall survival

RiGOROUS ESTimATES ON BALANCE LAWS iN BOUNDED DOmAiNS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2015年第4期35卷 906-944页

作者： Rinaldo m.COLOmBO elena rosSi Unità iNdA m Università di Brescia Dipartimento di matematica ed Applicazioni Università di Milano-Bicocca

The initial-boundary value problem for a general balance law in a bounded domain is proved to be well posed. indeed, we show the existence of an entropy solution, its uniqueness and its Lipschitz continuity as a function of time, of the initial datum and of the boundary datum. The proof follows the general lines in [4], striving to provide a rigorous treatment and detailed references.

关键词： balance laws initial-boundary value problem for balance laws

Lynch syndrome and Lynch syndrome mimics: The growing complex landscape of hereditary colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第31期21卷 9253-9261页

作者： John m Carethers elena m Stoffel Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) was previously synonymous with Lynch syndrome; however,identification of the role of germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair(mmR) genes has made it possible to differentiate Lynch syndrome from other conditions associated with familial colorectal cancer(CRC). Broadly,HNPCC may be dichotomized into conditions that demonstrate defective DNA mmR and microsatellite instability(mSi) vs those conditions that demonstrate intact DNA mmR. Conditions characterized by mmR deficient CRCs include Lynch syndrome(germline mmR mutation),Lynch-like syndrome(biallelic somatic mmR mutations),constitutional mmR deficiency syndrome(biallelic germline mmR mutations),and sporadic mSi CRC(somatic biallelic methylation of mLH1). HNPCC conditions with intact DNA mmR associated with familial CRC include polymerase proofreading associated polyposis and familial colorectal cancer type X. Although next generation sequencing technologies have elucidated the genetic cause for some HNPCC conditions,others remain genetically undefined. Differentiating between Lynch syndrome and the other HNPCC disorders has profound implications for cancer risk assessment and surveillance of affected patients and their at-risk relatives. Clinical suspicion coupled with molecular tumor analysis and testing for germline mutations can help differentiate the clinical mimicry within HNPCC and facilitate diagnosis and management.

关键词： Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer Lynch s