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Witness for resolution: post-conflict quadratic affiliation in semi-free ranging pigs

Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 233-243页

作者： Ivan Norscia Edoardo Collarini Carlo Robino elena Chierto Giada Cordoni Department of Life sciences and systems Biology University of TorinoVia Accademia Albertina 1310123 TorinoItaly Department of Public Health sciences and Pediatric s University of TorinoC.So Galileo Galilei 2210126 TorinoItaly

In social mammals,post-conflict resolution can involve the reunion of former opponents(reconciliation),spontaneous/solicited post-conflict affliation of a third party with either opponent(triadic contacts),and affiliation between other individuals(hereafter bystanders;quadratic contacts).Quadratic contacts-possibly informing complex cognitive abilities-have been neglected in post-conflict *** investi-gated quadratic affliation in semi-free ranging pigs sus scrofa,at the ethical farm Parva-Domus(Cavagnolo,Italy).Kinship was *** collected behavioral data on adult pigs(n=104)via video recordings(43 h)followed by video *** and anxiety behaviors between bystanders were collected under post-conflict(PC;following a conflict between non-bystanders)and matched-control(MC;no conflict)*** affiliation was present in pigs,as bystanders affliated more in PC than MC,and such affiliation was followed by a decrease in the anxiety behaviors of both the interacting ***,quadratic contacts may be partly aimed at reducing one's own anxiety(intrinsic regulation).Quadratic affiliation was highest between closely related bystanders,which suggests that such affiliation may be most effective when close kin is *** affiliation was lowest after reconciliation and spontaneous triadic *** suggests that direct peacemaking between opponents and spontaneous triadic contacts with close kin may most likely replace quadratic ***,pigs can be influenced by the negative events that affect other pigs-but not themselves-and their response may be modulated by social *** non-random quadratic affiliation may point toward the presence of elements of social appraisal abilities inpigs.

关键词： anxiety reduction emotional regulation reconciliation social appraisal triadic contacts.

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Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies:a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 289-295页

作者： Dina Medina-Vera Antonio Jesús López-Gambero Juan Antonio Navarro Carlos sanjuan elena Baixeras Juan Decara Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND UGC Salud MentalMálagaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de MálagaMálagaSpain CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares(CIBERCV) Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUGC del CorazónMálagaSpain University of Bordeaux INSERMNeurocentre MagendieBordeauxFrance Euronutra s.L.Calle Johannes Kepler MálagaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s *** pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau *** the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation,brain insulin resistance has generated much attention,and inositols as insulin sensitizers,are currently considered candidates for drug *** present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements:Alzheimer’s disease-tau-inositols,which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cyclin-dependent kinase 5 diabetes D-Pinitol inositols insulin resistance kinases phosphorylation PI3K/Akt tau

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Wood anatomy chronologies of scots pine in the foothills of the Western sayan(siberia)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 13-27页

作者： elena A.Babushkina Dmitry R.Dergunov Mikhail s.Zharkov Liliana V.Belokopytova Dina F.Zhirnova Bao Yang Jingjing Liu Xiaomei Peng Eugene A.Vaganov Khakass Technical Institute Siberian Federal UniversityAbakan 655017Russia Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Mathematical Methods and IT Department Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China school of Geographic and Oceanographic sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People's Republic of China Department of Dendroecology V.N.Sukachev Institute of ForestSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia

Recent methodological advances in quantitative wood anatomy have provided new insights into the climatic responses of radial growth at the scale of cell structure of tree rings. This study considered long-term chronologies of tracheid measurements, indexed by a novel approach to separate their specific climatic responses from signal recorded in cell production(closely reflected in tree-ring width). To fill gaps in understanding the impact of climate on conifer xylem structure, scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)trees > 200 years old were selected within the forest-steppe zone in southern siberia. such habitats undergo mild moisture deficits and the resulting climatic regulation of growth processes. Mean and maximum values of cell radial diameter and cell wall thickness were recorded for each tree *** a low level of climatogenic stress, components of cell chronologies independent of cambial activity were separated to obtain significant climatic signals revealing the timing of the specific stages of tracheid differentiation. Cell expansion lasted from mid-April to July and was impacted similarly to tree-ring width(stimulated by precipitation and stressed by heat), maximum cell size formed late June. A switch in the climatic responses of mean anatomical traits indicated transition to latewood in mid-July. secondary wall deposition lasted until mid-september, suppressed by end of season temperatures. Generally, anatomical climatic responses were modulated by a less dry May and september compared with summer months.

关键词： Quantitative wood anatomy Cell radial size Cell wall thickness Pinus sylvestris Climatic response

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Investigating epithelial-neuronal signaling contribution in visceral pain through colon organoid-dorsal root ganglion neuron co-cultures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1199-1200页

作者： Francesco Margiotta Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli Antonino Morabito Carla Ghelardini elena Lucarini Department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology SectionUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBAUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCs FlorenceItaly

Abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs),affecting about 20%of the global population(Grundy et al.,2019).Current pain therapies are poorly effective on visceral pain of intestinal origin and present several side effects,hence the need to identify novel molecular and cellular targets for drug development.

关键词： pain visceral colon

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A review of solid-state lithium metal batteries through in-situ solidification

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science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 67-86页

作者： Pan Xu Zong-Yao shuang Chen-Zi Zhao Xue Li Li-Zhen Fan Aibing Chen Haoting Chen elena Kuzmina elena Karaseva Vladimir Kolosnitsyn Xiaoyuan Zeng Peng Dong Yingjie Zhang Mingpei Wang Qiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan ProvinceFaculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Ordos Carbon Neutral Research and Application Co. Ltd.Ordos City 017010China Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAs Ufa 450054Russia Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032China

High-energy-density lithium metal batteries are the next-generation battery systems of choice,and replacing the flammable liquid electrolyte with a polymer solid-state electrolyte is a prominent conduct towards realizing the goal of high-safety and high-specific-energy ***,the inherent intractable problems of poor solid-solid contacts between the electrode/electrolyte and the growth of Li dendrites hinder their practical *** in-situ solidification has demonstrated a variety of advantages in the application of polymer electrolytes and artificial interphase,including the design of integrated polymer electrolytes and asymmetric polymer electrolytes to enhance the compatibility of solid–solid contact and compatibility between various electrolytes,and the construction of artificial interphase between the Li anode and cathode to suppress the formation of Li dendrites and to enhance the high-voltage stability of polymer *** review firstly elaborates the history of in-situ solidification for solid-state batteries,and then focuses on the synthetic methods of solidified ***,the recent progress of in-situ solidification technology from both the design of polymer electrolytes and the construction of artificial interphase is summarized,and the importance of in-situ solidification technology in enhancing safety is ***,prospects,emerging challenges,and practical applications of in-situ solidification are envisioned.

关键词： in-situ solidification polymer electrolyte artificial solid electrolyte interphase rechargeable lithium metal batteries dendrite-free lithium metal anode

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Measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration based on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： elena Bárcena-Martin Jacques silber Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mobility is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distributional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor benefit more than the rich from economic growth by tracking the extent of income mobility among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and absolute indices of mobility,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes between anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is based on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** both absolute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income but only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distribution in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mobility pro-poor growth

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A bird's-eye overview of molecular mechanisms regulating feed intake in chickens—with mammalian comparisons

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 61-74页

作者： Anastasiia R.Volyanskaya Ilya R.Akberdin Mikhail A.Kulyashov Ivan s.Yevshin Michael N.Romanov elena I.shagimardanova Oleg A.Gusev Fedor A.Kolpakov Department of Natural sciences Novosibirsk State University Biosoft.Ru Ltd. sirius University of science and Technology school of Biosciences University of Kent L.K.Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry Regulatory Genomics Research Center Institute of Fundamental Medicine and BiologyKazan Federal University Life Improvement By Future Technologies (LIFT) Center Intractable Disease Research Center Juntendo University

In recent decades, a lot of research has been conducted to explore poultry feeding behavior. However, up to now, the processes behind poultry feeding behavior remain poorly understood. The review generalizes modern expertise about the hormonal regulation of feeding behavior in chickens, focusing on signaling pathways mediated by insulin, leptin, and ghrelin and regulatory pathways with a cross-reference to mammals. This overview also summarizes state-of-the-art research devoted to hypothalamic neuropeptides that control feed intake and are prime candidates for predictors of feeding *** analysis of the signaling pathways that mediate the feed intake regulation allowed us to conclude that there are major differences in the processes by which hormones influence specific neuropeptides and their contrasting roles in feed intake control between two vertebrate clades.

关键词： Chicken Feed intake Hypothalamus Neuropeptide signaling pathway Hormone

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Modern View on Potentials of Forensic Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Expertise

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Journal of Forensic science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 62-67页

作者： elena M.Vazhnichaya Nataliia M.Deviatkina Department of Pharmacology Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacyPoltava State Medical UniversityPoltavaUkraine

The great number of drugs and their variety have increased the potential of therapy but increased the risks of crimes related to the production,sale,and use of *** prosecution of such crimes requires pharmaceutical or pharmacological *** development of forensic pharmacy and forensic pharmacology is relevant and needs consideration of their modern *** purpose of the work is to analyze literature data on the scientific basis of forensic pharmaceutical and pharmacological expertise and their modern *** texts of articles,book chapters,and websites were studied using keywords relevant to the purpose of the *** is shown,that modern forensic pharmaceutical expertise is a separate type of expertise that focuses on the study of drugs and documents that regulate the production,distribution,and quality of *** uses the latest analytical methods of pharmacy.A pharmacologist analyzes body fluids and tissues and interprets the resulting data to help courts and investigators assess the role of a drug in the person’s behavior,illness,injury,or *** range of issues included in the pharmacological examination is fully within the competence of the forensic medical examination,which can be appointed in civil cases or criminal proceedings connected with harm to health or *** pharmacology is not the same as forensic toxicology or pharmacovigilance and requires a separate approach based on purely pharmacological knowledge.

关键词： Drug expertise forensic pharmacology forensic pharmacy

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Influence of railway wheel tread damage on wheel-rail impact loads and the durability of wheelsets

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Railway Engineering science 2024年第1期32卷 20-35页

作者： Michele Maglio Tore Vernersson Jens C.O.Nielsen Anders Ekberg elena Kabo CHARMEC Department of Mechanical and Maritime SciencesChalmers University of TechnologySE‑41296 GothenburgSweden

Dynamic wheel-rail contact forces induced by a severe form of wheel tread damage have been measured by a wheel impact load detector during full-scale field tests at different vehicle *** on laser scanning,the measured three-dimensional damage geometry is employed in simulations of dynamic vehicle-track interaction to calibrate and verify a simulation *** relation between the magnitude of the impact load and various operational parameters,such as vehicle speed,lateral position of wheel-rail contact,track stiffness and position of impact within a sleeper bay,is *** calibrated model is later employed in simulations featuring other forms of tread damage;their effects on impact load and subsequent fatigue impact on bearings,wheel webs and subsurface initiated rolling contact fatigue of the wheel tread are *** results quantify the effects of wheel tread defects and are valuable in a shift towards condition-based maintenance of running gear,and for general assessment of the severity of different types of railway wheel tread damage.

关键词： Wheel tread damage Rolling contact fatigue cluster Field measurements Dynamic vehicle-track interaction Wheel-rail impact load Wheelset durability

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PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox-2(PKNOX2)is a novel regulator of myocardial fibrosis

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2231-2249页

作者： Liang Chen Haotong Li Xiaorui Liu Ningning Zhang Kui Wang Anteng shi Hang Gao Deniz Akdis Ardan Msaguner Xinjie Xu elena Osto Willem Van de Veen Guangyu Li Antoni Bayés-Genís Firat Duru Jiangping song Xiangjie Li shengshou Hu state Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China school of statistics and Data science Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Cardiology University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for Clinical Chemistry University Hospital Zurich and University of ZürichZurichSwitzerland swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research(sIAF) University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland Heart Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolBadalonaCIBERCVSpain

Much effort has been made to uncover the cellular heterogeneities of human hearts by single-nucleus RNA ***,the cardiac transcriptional regulation networks have not been systematically described because of the limitations in detecting transcription *** this study,we optimized a pipeline for isolating nuclei and conducting single-nucleus RNA sequencing targeted to detect a higher number of cell signal genes and an optimal number of transcription *** this unbiased protocol,we characterized the cellular composition of healthy human hearts and investigated the transcriptional regulation networks involved in determining the cellular identities and functions of the main cardiac cell *** in fibroblasts,a novel regulator,PKNOX2,was identified as being associated with physiological fibroblast activation in healthy *** validate the roles of these transcription factors in maintaining homeostasis,we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of transplanted failing hearts focusing on fibroblast *** trajectory analysis suggested that PKNOX2 was abnormally decreased from fibroblast activation to pathological myofibroblast *** gain-and loss-of-function in vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory role of PKNOX2 in pathological fibrosis ***,fibroblast-specific overexpression and knockout of PKNOX2 in a heart failure mouse model induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery significantly improved and aggravated myocardial fibrosis,*** summary,this study established a high-quality pipeline for single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of heart *** this optimized protocol,we described the transcriptional regulation networks of the main cardiac cell subtypes and identified PKNOX2 as a novel regulator in suppressing fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for future translational studies.

关键词： NOX2 homeostasis fibrosis

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