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Comparison of aerial and ground spraying applications in controlling fusarium crown rot in wheat

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第5期17卷 73-80页

作者： Nagehan Desen Köycü Hasan BerkÖzyurt İlker HüseyinÇelen Plant Protection Department Agriculture FacultyTekirdag Namik Kemal UniversityTekirdag 59030Turkey Biosystems Engineering Department Agriculture Faculty Tekirdag Namik Kemal University Tekirdag 59030Turkey

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a chronic disease in many regions of the world in wheat, caused by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium pseudograminearum, and Fusarium graminearum. The operational efficacy of pesticide applications using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) significantly affects the biological efficacy of the pesticides. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicle and field sprayer applications in controlling crown rot diseases frequently observed in wheat crops in the Thrace region, Turkey. A licensed fungicide containing the active ingredients, prochloraz plus trifloxystrobin plus cyproconazole mixture was applied to wheat during the ZGS 27 growth stage. The disease severity, disease incidence, and the effectiveness of fungicide treatment on disease severity (%) were evaluated for F. culmorum crown rot disease. The results showed that the severity of the disease during the seedling stage was 11.25% and 18.33% for unmanned aerial vehicle and field sprayer applications, respectively. In the harvest stage, the incidence of disease was 28.33%-39.99% and 48.75%-51.25%, respectively, and the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicle application was found to be high, approximately 52%, during the seedling and harvest stages. The unmanned aerial vehicle, acting similarly to the field sprayer, exhibited higher grain quality under conditions of stress from disease. Furthermore, spike weight, grain weight, and number of grains exhibited stronger positive correlations compared to unmanned aerial vehicle treatment. Therefore, unmanned aerial vehicles have promising potential as viable options to manage FCR when the prevailing environmental conditions are not conducive to the use of field sprayer. The results of this research will guide future studies to investigate the efficacy of UAVs on a wider range of pesticides and to further develop the technology to investigate its effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability in agricultural applicati

关键词： fusarium crown rot fungicide unmanned aerial vehicle field sprayer spraying drone

Crack-Tip Stress Analysis at a Bi-Material Interface by Photoelastic, Isopachic and FEA

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第8期2卷 1027-1032页

作者： George A. Papadopoulos elen.B. Bouloukou elen.G. Papadopoulou 不详

The paper investigates the stress state at the bi-material interface crack-tip by the Photoelastic and Isopachic methods and the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The principal stresses at the bi-material interface crack-tip are theoretically determined using the combination photoelastic and isopachic fringes. The size and the shape of crack-tip isochro-matic and isopachic fringes, at a bi-material interface under static load, are studied. When the crack-tip, which is perpendicular to interface, is placed at the interface of the bi-material, the isochromatic and the isopachic fringes depend on the properties of the two materials. Thus, the isochromatic and the isopachic fringes are divided into two branches, which present a jump of values at the interface. The size of the two branches mainly depends on the elastic modulus and the Poisson’s ratio of the two materials. From the combination of the isochromatic and the isopachic fringes, the principal stresses σ1 and σ2 can be estimated and the contour curves around the crack-tip can be plotted. For the FEA analysis, the program ANSYS 11.0 was used. The bi-material cracked plates were made from Lexan (BCBA) and Plexiglas (PMMA).

关键词： Crack Bi-Material Photoelasticity Isochromatic Isopachic FEA

Lactobacillus bulgaricus inhibits colitis-associated cancer via a negative regulation of intestinal inflammation in azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6782-6794页

作者： Denise Sayuri Calheiros Silveira Luciana Chain Veronez Luis Carlos Lopes-Junior elen.Anatriello Mariangela Ottoboni Brunaldi Gabriela Pereira-da-Silva Department of Biochemistry and Immunology University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto Medical SchoolRibeirão Preto 14049-900SPBrazil Health Sciences Center Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFESVitória 29043-900ESBrazil Institute of Science and Technology Federal University of São PauloUNIFESPSão Josédos Campos 12231-280SPBrazil Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine University of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14040-902SPBrazil Department of Maternal-Infant Nursing and Public Health University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of NursingRibeirão Preto 14040-902SPBrazil

BACKGROUND Colitis-associated cancer(CAC)accounts for 2%-3%of colorectal cancer(CRC)cases preceded by inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative *** microbiota has been reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of IBD and ***,numerous prebiotics and probiotics have being investigated as antitumor agents due to their capacity to modulate inflammatory *** studies have indicated that lactic acid bacteria could be successfully used in managing sporadic CRC,however little is known about their role in *** To investigate the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus bulgaricus(***)during the development of an experimental model of colitis associated colon cancer(CAC).METHODS C57BL/6 mice received an intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane(10 mg/kg),followed by three cycles of sodium dextran sulphate diluted in water(5%w/v).Probiotic group received daily *** inflammation was determined by scoring clinical *** levels were determined from colon and/or tumor samples by ELISA BD OptEIATM *** level of significance was set at P<*** were generated and statistical analysis performed using the software GraphPad Prism *** *** treatment inhibited of total tumor volume and mean size of *** addition,the probiotic also attenuated the clinical signs of intestinal inflammation inducing a decrease in intestinal and tumor levels of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β.CONCLUSION Our results suggest a potential chemopreventive effect of probiotic on *** regulates the inflammatory response and preventing CAC.

关键词： Lactobacillus bulgaricus Colitis-associated cancer Colorectal cancer Carcinogenesis Probiotics Inflammation

Working Capital, Firm Performance, and Firm Value： An Empirical Study in Manufacturing Industry on Indonesia Stock Exchange

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Economics World 2017年第5期5卷 444-450页

作者： Bambang Sudiyatno elen.Puspitasari Sri Sudarsi University of Stikubank Semarang Indonesia

This study investigated the effects of working capital policy on firm performance and firm value. The research was conducted by manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2013. Variables used as a proxy for working capital policy are current assets to total assets and current liabilities to total assets. This study uses capital structure as a control variable. Capital structure proxies by leverage. Variables used as a proxy for the performance of the company, namely return on assets, and the value of the company is Tobin’s Q. Methods of data collection use purposive sampling. The results showed that current assets to total assets have an positive, significant effect on firm performance. Current liabilities to total assets and leverage have an negative, significant effect on firm performance. Furthermore, return on asset has an negative, significant effect on the firm value.

关键词： legal decision making case predictions confidence judgments metacognitive realism

Optimal velocity functions for car-following models

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第8期 632-632页

作者： Milan BATISTA elen.TWRDY

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2010, Vol. 11, No. 7, P.520-529

关键词： Optimal velocity functions for car-following models

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产自黑唇珠母贝的黄色养殖珍珠的鉴定

宝石和宝石学杂志 2003年第1期5卷 28-29页

作者： Shane elen.陈征 GIA

人们通常认为大珠母贝只产白色和黄色珍珠, 珠母贝只产灰色和黑色珍珠. 实际上, 珠母贝也能产出各种颜色的珍珠. 如今市场上出现的多色串珠可能是大珠母贝养珠和珠母贝养珠的组合, 也可能只含有珠母贝养珠. 后者通常呈黄色、绿黄色、褐... 详细信息

人们通常认为大珠母贝只产白色和黄色珍珠, 珠母贝只产灰色和黑色珍珠. 实际上, 珠母贝也能产出各种颜色的珍珠. 如今市场上出现的多色串珠可能是大珠母贝养珠和珠母贝养珠的组合, 也可能只含有珠母贝养珠. 后者通常呈黄色、绿黄色、褐黄色或灰黄色. 要将它们与同色的大珠母贝养珠区分开来有一定的难度, 但可以借助其软体动物的特征进行鉴定.

关键词：颜色光谱黑唇珠母贝黄色养殖珍珠鉴定

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Advances in Tropical Soil Characterization via Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 468-482页

作者： elen.A. SILVA David C. WEINDORF Sergio H. G. SILVA Bruno T. RIBEIRO Giovana C. POGGERE Teotonio S. CARVALHO Mariana G. M. GONQALVES Luiz R. G. GUILHERME Nilton CURI Department of Soil Science Federal University of Lavras Lavras 37200-000 (Brazil) Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University Texas 79409-2122 (USA)

Portable X-ray fluorescence(pXRF) spectrometers can be used to determine the elemental composition easily, rapidly, and without using chemical reagents, which is very important for tropical regions due to the lack of detailed soil characterization data. Moreover,pXRF data can be used to predict the results of more expensive, time-consuming, and conventional laboratory analyses. This study sought to determine the elemental composition of various soil profiles using pXRF. Two operational modes(Trace Mode and General Mode) and two scanning time(30 and 60 s) were assessed to determine their effects on the correlation of pXRF dataset with respect to conventional inductively coupled plasma(ICP)-optical emission spectrometry analysis. This relationship has been reported in previous studies, however, few studies were performed on tropical soils, which are unique. Furthermore, such relationships establish the viability of developing prediction models directly from pXRF data. Linear regression was applied to develop calibration models for the prediction of ICP analysis results and exchangeable and available elemental contents based on pXRF data. High coefficients of determination(R^2) were obtained for Ca(0.87), Cu(0.90), Fe(0.95), Mn(0.85), Cr(0.95), V(0.72), and Ni(0.90), with adequate validation. Statistically significant results were not found for Al, K, Zn, Ti, and Zr. The models predicting the exchangeable Ca based on the total Ca from p XRF reached an R^2 of up to 0.85. Operational modes influenced the pXRF results. Our results illustrate that pXRF holds great promise for tropical soil characterization and the development of prediction models, justifying the need for larger-scale studies in tropical countries worldwide.

关键词： elemental composition exchangeable Ca inductively coupled plasma operational mode prediction models scanning time soil analysis total elemental content

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Poled Polyaniline Coated Piezo Composite Using Low Electric Field and Reduced Poling Time： A Functional Material

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2014年第4期4卷 109-115页

作者： Gilberto de Campos FuzariJr elen.Poliani S. Arlindo Maria Aparecida Zaghete Elson Longo Walter Katsumi Sakamoto Federal University of Mato Grosso Campus of Araguaia Institute of Exact and Earth Sciences Barra do Gargas (MT) Brazil Chemistry Institute of Araraquara Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry Technology S6o Paulo State University - UNESPBrazil School of Enginnering Department of Physics and Chemistry S8o Paulo State University UNESP Campus of llha Solteira Av.Brasi156 IlhaSolteira (SP) 15385-000 Brazil

Polynomial Generalizations and Combinatorial Interpretations for Sequences Including the Fibonacci and Pell Numbers

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Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics 2013年第1期3卷 25-32页

作者： Cecília Pereira de Andrade Jose Plinio de Oliveira Santos elen.Viviani Pereira da Silva Kenia Cristina Pereira Silva Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas-SPSao PauloBrazil

In this paper we present combinatorial interpretations and polynomials generalizations for sequences including the Fibonacci numbers, the Pell numbers and the Jacobsthal numbers in terms of partitions. It is important to mention that results of this nature were given by Santos and Ivkovic in two papers published on the Fibonacci Quarterly, Polynomial generalizations of the Pell sequence and the Fibonacci sequence [1] and Fibonacci Numbers and Partitions [2] , and one, by Santos, on Discrete Mathematics, On the Combinatorics of Polynomial generalizations of Rogers-Ramanujan Type Identities [3]. By these results one can see that from the q-series identities important combinatorial information can be obtained by a careful study of the two variable function introduced by Andrews in Combinatorics and Ramanujan's lost notebook [4].

关键词： Partitions Fibonacci Numbers Pell Numbers Jacobsthal Numbers q-Analog