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Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher michael J.Lamonte Andrea Z.LaCroix eleanor m.simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(mL),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several mL VO_(2max)prediction ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVm)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** mL can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology mortality

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Potential annual daylighting performance of a high-efficiency daylight redirecting slat system

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 495-510页

作者： Luis L.Fernandes eleanor S.Lee Anothai Thanachareonkit Stephen E.Selkowitz Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

While the primary role of window attachments is often to moderate glare and solar heat gains,they are also able to provide additional daylight to interior *** this purpose,a variety of daylight-redirecting window systems have been developed over the past 150 *** reflective systems(slats/light shelves)or prismatic systems that rely on total internal reflection work well under specific solar conditions,but generally sacrifice performance over a much wider range of incident solar angles and sky *** systems-typically reflective slats-are more responsive to sun angles but have not been able to achieve optimal performance for glare and daylight redirection efficiency.A previous investigation into an adjustable,reflective blind concept first conceived of in the late 1970s showed promise but was not reduced to practice due to lack of adequate simulation and analysis *** this paper,this concept is further developed and its energy and visual comfort performance evaluated for four mid-latitude,temperate climates using ray-tracing simulation *** indicate significant potential lighting energy savings when compared with conventional automated reflective blinds(2.1-4.9 kWh/(m^(2)·a),or 14%-42%,depending on climate and orientation)or,especially,manually-operated matte white Venetian blinds(1.4-7.9 kWh/(m^(2)·a),or 9%-54%,depending on climate and orientation),while maintaining acceptable or better visual comfort conditions throughout the interior space.

关键词： daylighting windows light-redirecting systems dynamic fenestration

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Effects of a 3-month vigorous physical activity intervention on eating behaviors and body composition in overweight and obese boys and girls

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 170-176页

作者： maría martín-García Luis m.Alegre Beatriz Garcia-Cuartero eleanor J.Bryant Bernard Gutin Ignacio Ara GENUD Toledo Research Group Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit Department of Pediatrics Hospital Severo Ochoa Division of Psychology University of Bradford Georgia Prevention Institute Department of Pediatrics Georgia Health Sciences University

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of a 3-month vigorous physical activity(VPA) intervention on eating behavior and body composition in overweight and obese children and ***: Forty-seven participants(7–16 years) took part in the study: 28 were assigned to the intervention group(IG)(10 boys and 18 girls) and19 in a control group(CG)(8 boys and 11 girls). Body composition(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometrics(body mass, height, and body mass index(BmI)), and eating behavior traits(Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 C) were determined before and after the VPA ***: A decrease in the percentage of body fat and BmI(-2.8% and-1.8%, respectively), and an increase in most lean mass variables were found in the IG(all p ≤ 0.05). In relation to the eating behavior traits, IG subjects showed a 14% reduction in the Emotional Eating score(p = 0.04),while Cognitive Restraint score did not change after the VPA intervention. The baseline factors of the questionnaire predicted changes in body mass and fat mass variables only in the ***: A 3-month VPA intervention influenced eating behaviors of overweight or obese young, especially the Emotional Eating factor, in the presence of favorable body composition changes.

关键词： Appetite Children Exercise Obesity TFEQ-R21 Young

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Effects of PGC-1αoverexpression on the myogenic response during skeletal muscle regeneration

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Sports medicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 198-208页

作者： Tyrone A.Washington Wesley S.Haynie eleanor R.Schrems Richard A.Perry Jr. Lemuel A.Brown Breanna m.Williams megan E.Rosa-Caldwell David E.Lee Jacob L.Brown Exercise muscle Biology Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Cachexia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA

The ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate from injury is crucial for locomotion,metabolic health,and quality of *** proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator-1α(PGC1A)is a transcriptional coactivator required for mitochondrial *** mitochondrial biogenesis is associated with improved muscle cell differentiation,however PGC1A's role in skeletal muscle regeneration following damage requires further *** purpose of this study was to investigate the role of skeletal muscle-specific PGC1A overexpression during regeneration following damage.22 C57BL/6J(WT)and 26 PGC1A muscle transgenic(A1)mice were injected with either phosphate-buffered saline(PBS,uninjured control)or Bupivacaine(mAR,injured)into their tibialis anterior(TA)muscle to induce skeletal muscle *** muscles were extracted 3-or 28-days postinjury and analyzed for markers of regenerative myogenesis and protein ***1a mRNA was~10–20 fold greater in A1 *** of protein synthesis,AKT and 4EBP1,displayed decreases in A1 mice compared to WT at both timepoints indicating a decreased protein synthetic *** mRNA was~75%lower compared to WT 3 days *** mice exhibited decreased cross-sectional area of the TA muscle at 28 days post-injection with bupivacaine compared to all other ***1A overexpression modifies the myogenic response during regeneration.

关键词： PGC-1α Skeletal muscle muscle regeneration Satellite cells Protein turnover p38 mAPK

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Policy Shift Expected after Inflation Cools

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China International Business 2011年第12期 54-56页

作者： eleanor CHEN

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Comparison of methods for Extraction of Keratin from Waste Wool

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 670-679页

作者： eleanor m. Brown Kalgi Pandya maryann m. Taylor Cheng-Kung Liu Biobased and Other Animal Co-Products Research Unit Eastern Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture Wyndmoor PA USA

The U.S. sheep industry, more than 80,000 producers of 40 million pounds of raw wool per year, is an important component of the meat industry. New methods for the treatment of domestic wool with keratin isolated from the unmarketable fraction of wool, and functionalized for water, oil, or insect repellency are needed. As a first step in the process, we are evaluating the effectiveness of keratin solubilization via relatively benign methods that use thioglycolic acid, bisulfite or sulfide to reduce disulfide bonds, peracetic acid or percarbonate to oxidize disulfides, and urea/thiourea as hydrogen bond disrupters. The procedures are compared in terms of quality of soluble protein, cost effectiveness, potential for upscaling, environmental and operator safety. Successful completion of this project will provide the basis for commercial development of such methods, followed by functional modification of the soluble keratin, and its application to textiles.

关键词： Waste Wool Keratin Extraction Economic Comparison

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转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)改性明胶的物理性质研究

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食品与生物技术学报 2006年第2期25卷 8-12页

作者：丁克毅刘军 eleanor m.Brown maryann m.Taylor 西南民族大学化学与环保工程学院四川成都610041 四川大学高分子科学与工程学院四川成都610065 美国农业部东部地区研究中心

用来源于微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)对不同品级和不同类型的明胶进行改性,并考察了改性产物的物理性质与酶用量的关系。结果表明:随着酶用量的增加,低强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度有所提高,而高强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度保持不变甚至... 详细信息

用来源于微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)对不同品级和不同类型的明胶进行改性,并考察了改性产物的物理性质与酶用量的关系。结果表明:随着酶用量的增加,低强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度有所提高,而高强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度保持不变甚至有所降低;所有改性明胶的熔点都随酶用量的增加而提高,有些甚至达到90℃;所有改性产物在60℃时的粘度都随酶用量的增加而提高;改性产物的凝胶温度不仅受酶用量的影响,而且与明胶的品级和种类有关。这一实验结果显示出源自微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶在提高低品级明胶的使用性能及更充分利用制革废弃物等方面都有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：转谷氨酰胺酶明胶物理性质

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转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)改性明胶可食性薄膜的制备

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食品与生物技术学报 2006年第4期25卷 1-4页

以转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)改性明胶为基料、丙三醇为增塑剂制备可食性食品包装薄膜。研究了mTG、丙三醇的添加量以及膜的成型方法对产品的抗张强度、最大伸长率、韧性、水溶性、吸水性等物理机械性能的影响;筛选出了最佳工艺条件。

关键词：转谷氨酰胺酶明胶薄膜物理机械性能

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Oomycetes Seek Help from the Plant：Phytophthora infestans Effectors Target Host Susceptibility Factors

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molecular Plant 2016年第5期9卷 636-638页

作者： Petra C. Boevink Hazel mcLellan eleanor m. Gilroy Shaista Naqvi Qin He Lina Yang Xiaodan Wang Dionne Turnbull miles R. Armstrong Zhendong Tian Paul R.J. Birch Cell and molecular Science James Hutton Institute(JHI) InvergowrieDundee DD2 5DA UK Division of Plant Science College of Life Science University of Dundee(at JHI) Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA UK Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 368 Xuefu Road Harbin 150086 China

Plants have a sophisticated immune system to defend against a wide range of invaders,including insects,nematodes,bacteria,oomycetes,fungi,and *** may manipulate or suppress immunity by delivering effector proteins,either to the inside or outside of plant *** attention has been focused on identifying the targets of effector proteins in the host and on characterizing how effector activities suppress immunity.

关键词： Oomycetes Phytophthora Susceptibility

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The Saproxylic Activity Index: A New Tool for the Rapid Assessment of Deadwood Species during Forest Restoration

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第2期4卷 144-150页

作者： moya L. Burns mike Smith eleanor m. Slade Richard A. Ennos Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK Department of Agricultural Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Forest Research Northern Research Station Roslin UK School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

Restoring deadwood habitat is vital in order to recreate fully functioning forest ecosystems. Letting this process occur naturally can take in excess of one hundred years, thus management practises typically try to accelerate this via the artificial addition of deadwood. Since the species which rely on deadwood often have poor dispersal abilities, restoring deadwood habitat rarely results in the full restoration of the saproxylic fauna. Furthermore, standard deadwood monitoring protocol only records the amount and type of substrate available and is not capable of determining whether saproxylic insects have been restored. Full species inventories are time-consuming, costly and require great expertise. We present a rapid biodiversity assessment tool which we believe is the first protocol for measuring saproxylic activity which is accessible to non-specialists. Utilising the exit bore holes which saproxylics create on deadwood can provide an indication of the density, richness and diversity of species present;we call this the Saproxylic Activity Index. We show that this index can detect differences in the activity of insects between substrates. As saproxylic insects provide important ecosystem functions, such as aiding in the decay of deadwood and recycling nutrients, a measure of their activity levels may indicate the rate of restoration of these ecosystem processes. We believe that further exploration of this method provides an exciting opportunity for the functional restoration of saproxylic fauna to become incorporated into mainstream forest management.

关键词： Citizen Science Temperate Forest Beetles Bioindicators Volunteers Coleoptera Biodiversity Surveys

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