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Diversity,endemism and conservation of the freshwater crabs of China(Brachyura:Potamidae and Gecarcinucidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第1期6卷 45-55页

作者： Neil CUMBERLIDGE Peter K.L.ng Darren C.j.YEO Tohru NARUSE Kirstin S.MEYER Lara j.ESSER Department of Biology Northern Michigan UniversityMarquetteMichiganUSA Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore University of the Ryukyus NishiharaOkinawaJapan Imperial College University of LondonLondonUK

China lies at the heart of the global center of freshwater crab diversity in tropical Asia,where the 2 most diverse families occur:Potamidae(505 species,95 genera)and Gecarcinucidae(344 species,59 genera).China stands out as the country with the highest species richness of freshwater crabs *** fauna comprises 243 species in 37 genera and in 2 families,and species discovery is still progressing at a rapid *** vast majority of the species are distributed in southwest,south central and eastern China in the Oriental zoogeographical *** also stands out as having a highly endemic freshwater crab fauna at the species level(96%)and at the genus level(78%).Although the recent International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN)red list conservation assessment found only 6 out of 228 species(2%)to be threatened(5 potamids and 1 gecarcinucid),the majority(more than 75%)of Chinese species are regarded as data deficient,so the number of threatened species is likely to be a serious *** from increasing habitat destruction and pollution are a major concern due to the rapidly growing economy and massive developments taking place in *** is therefore an urgent need for increased species exploration and for the development of a conservation strategy for China’s threatened(and potentially threatened)endemic freshwater crab species.

关键词： China conservation distribution endemism Potamoidea

Effects of Medicines and Supplements on Spontaneous Pregnancy and Semen Parameters in Male Infertility:A Systematic Review Update and Network Meta-Analysis

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Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 198-209页

作者： jian Li Qi Wu Ernest Hung Yu ng Ben Willem j.Mol Xiao Ke Wu Chi Chiu Wang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology First Affiliated HospitalHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin 150040China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Hospital of Gui Zhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 30009China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3168Australia Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150036China Reproduction and Development Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China i School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China The Chinese University of Hong Kong–Sichuan University joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Hong Kong 999077China

In this study,we used a network meta-analysis(NMA)to compare the effectiveness of medicines and supplements for idiopathic male infertility and to identify the best ***,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Ovid,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),were searched for the period from january 1990 to june 2021 using the keywords"male infertility,""medical therapy,""supplement/nutrient therapy,"and related *** controlled trials(RCTs)investigating medicines(mainly follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),androgen,and clomiphene/tamoxifen)or supplements(mainly zinc,selenium,vitamin C or E,carnitine,coenzyme Q10(CoQ10),or combined treatment)for idiopathic infertile men were selected for *** reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PRISMA)was used for data extraction,and a risk-of-bias tool and grades of recommendation,assessment,development,and evaluation(GRADE)system adapted to the NMA were employed to assess the quality of the *** primary outcomes were live birth and spontaneous pregnancy rate(SPR).The secondary outcomes were sperm parameters(including concentration,progressive motility,and morphology)and side *** total,65 RCTs involving 7541 men with sperm abnormalities but normal hormone levels were included.A total of 36 studies reported SPR but only three reported live birth *** quality of the included studies was found to be moderate to *** with a placebo or being untreated,carnitine plus vitamins significantly improved SPR(relative risk(RR)=3.7,95%confidence interval(95%CI),1.6-8.5);fatty acids significantly increased sperm concentrations(mean difference(MD)=12.5×10^(6)mL-1,95%CI,3.1×10^(6)-22.0×10^(6));and selective estrogen receptor modulator(SERM)plus CoQ10 significantly improved sperm progressive motility(MD=11.0%,95%CI,0.1%-21.9%)and normal sperm morphology(MD=11.0%,95%CI,4.6%-17.4%).The most optimal intervention was carnitine plus vitamins and fatty acids for SPR a

关键词： Male infertility Medicine Supplement Spontaneous pregnancy rate Sperm parameters

Expanded pore-emanated cracking model for brittle failure of sedimentary rocks under triaxial compression

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jOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL EngINEERIng 2024年第12期16卷 5050-5060页

作者： Alomari, Esraa M. ng, Kam Khatri, Lokendra Univ Wyoming Dept Civil & Architectural Engn & Construct Manage Laramie WY 82071 USA New York Infirm New York NY USA

Brittle fracture and its relationship to deformation and strength have been a fundamental area of research in rock mechanics. This paper presents an expanded pore-emanated cracking model to better understand the fracture behaviors and predict the compressive strength of sedimentary rocks. This proposed model is developed to account for a triaxial compression condition using the triaxial compression test results on sandstone, limestone and siltstone samples from Wyoming, USA and experimental data on sedimentary rocks collected from published literature. The normalized critical crack length is determined from the proposed model through which the peak compressive strength is estimated when the stress intensity at the crack tip reaches a critical value called the fracture toughness. Results indicate that the rock porosity and pore radius have an inverse relationship with the compressive strength. Adopting the porosity-permeability relationship, the pore radius is calculated in terms of porosity and grain size. Next, the effect of grain size is implicitly included in the model and negatively correlated with the compressive strength. Moreover, a new approach is proposed for the estimation of fracture toughness based on the pore radius and confining pressure. The predicted compressive strengths from the proposed model show a good agreement with the measured strengths with a mean bias (i.e. average ratio of the measured to predicted strengths) of 1.014. The influence of cent and K IC on s 1 was thoroughly studied using parametric study. The study concludes that the effect of cent is more prominent than K IC on s 1 . At a constant porosity of 0.1, the stress ratio decreases from 0.0082 to 0.0078 when K IC increases from 0.1 to 0.2, indicating a 5% decrease in stress ratio. Whereas, at a constant K IC of 0.1, the stress ratio increases from 0.0082 to 0.014 when the porosity increases from 0.1 to 0.2, indicating 71% increases in stress ratio and therefore compressive strength.

关键词： Compressive strength Mode I fracture toughness Porosity Pore radius Confining pressure

Modeling the high-energy emission from the gamma-ray binary 1FGL j1018.6–5856

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第8期21卷 46-58页

作者： A-Ming Chen Chowing ng jumpei Takata Yun-Wei Yu School of physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina College of Physical Science and Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

1FGL j1018.6–5856 is a high mass gamma-ray binary containing a compact object orbiting around a massive star with a period of 16.544 *** the compact object is a pulsar,non-thermal emissions are likely produced by electrons accelerated at the termination shock,and may also originate from the magnetosphere and the un-shocked wind of the *** this paper,we investigate the non-thermal emissions from the wind and the shock with different viewing geometries and study the multi-wavelength emissions from 1FGL j1018.6–*** present the analysis results of the Fermi/LAT using nearly 10 years of *** phase-resolved spectra indicate that the Ge V emissions comprise a rather steady component that does not vary with orbital motion and a modulated component that shows flux maximum around inferior *** ke V/Te V light curves of 1FGL j1018.6–5856 also exhibit a sharp peak around inferior conjunction,which are attributed to the boosted emission from the shock,while the broad sinusoidal modulations could be originating from the deflected shock tail at a larger *** modulations of Ge V flux are likely caused by the boosted synchrotron emission from the shock and the IC emission from the unshocked pulsar wind,while the steady component comes from the outer gap of the pulsar ***,we discuss the similarities and differences of 1FGL j1018.6–5856 with other binaries,like LS 5039.

关键词： binaries:close gamma rays:stars X-rays:binaries radiation mechanisms:non-thermal

Malingering or simulation in ophthalmology-visual acuity

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第5期4卷 558-566页

作者： Ali Ihsan Incesu Güngr Sobaci S.B Konya Egitim-Arastirma Hastanesi Gz Klinigi GATA Gz Klinigi

Simulation can be defined as malingering, or sometimes functional visual loss (FVL). It manifests as either simulating an ophthalmic disease (positive simulation), or denial of ophthalmic disease (negative simulation). Conscious behavior and compensation or indemnity claims are prominent features of simulation. Since some authors suggest that this is a manifestation of underlying psychopathology, even conversion is included in this context. In today's world, every ophthalmologist can face with simulation of ophthalmic disease or disorder. In case of simulation suspect, the physician's responsibility is to prove the simulation considering the disease/disorder first, and simulation as an exclusion. In simulation examinations, the physician should be firm and smart to select appropriate test(s) to convince not only the subject, but also the judge in case of indemnity or compensation trials. Almost all ophthalmic sensory and motor functions including visual acuity, visual field, color vision and night vision can be the subject of simulation. Examiner must be skillful in selecting the most appropriate test. Apart from those in the literature, we included all kinds of simulation in ophthalmology. In addition, simulation examination techniques, such as, use of OCT (optical coherence tomography), frequency doubling perimetry (FDP), and modified polarization tests were also included. In this review, we made a thorough literature search, and added our experiences to give the readers up-to-date information on malingering or simulation in ophthalmology.

关键词： malingering simulation conversion hysteria

Critical analysis of feeding jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancies

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第2期9卷 53-60页

作者： Andrew M Blakely Saad Ajmal Rachel E Sargent Thomas T ng Thomas j Miner Department of Surgery Rhode Island HospitalProvidence Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence

AIM To assess nutritional recovery,particularly regarding feeding jejunostomy tube(FjT)utilization,following upper gastrointestinal resection for malignancy. METHODS A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively-maintained database of adult patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy(subtotal or total)for cancer with curative intent,from january 2001 to june 2014. Patient demographics,the approach to esophagectomy,the extent of gastrectomy,FjT placement and utilization at discharge,administration of parenteral nutrition(PN),and complications were evaluated. All patients were followed for at least ninety days or until *** The 287 patients underwent upper GI resection,comprised of 182 esophagectomy(n=107 transhiatal,58.7%; n=56 Ivor-Lewis,30.7%)and 105 gastrectomy [n=63 subtotal(SG),60.0%; n=42 total(TG),40.0%]. 181 of 182 esophagectomy patients underwent FjT,compared with 47 of 105 gastrectomy patients(99.5% vs 44.8%,P ngth of stay was similar between esophagectomy and gastrectomy groups(14.7 d vs 17.1 d,P=0.076). Upon discharge,87 esophagectomy patients(48.1%)were taking enteral feeds,with 53(29.3%)fully and 34(18.8%)partially dependent. Meanwhile,20 of 39 TG patients(51.3%)were either fully(n=3,7.7%)or partially(n=17,43.6%)dependent on tube feeds,compared with 5 of 8 SG patients(10.6%),all of whom were partially dependent. Gastrectomy patients were significantly less likely to be fully dependent on tube feeds at discharge compared to esophagectomy patients(6.4% vs 29.3%,P=0.0006). PN was administered despite FjT placement more often following gastrectomy than esophagectomy(n=11,23.4% vs n=7,3.9%,P=0.0001). FjT-specific complications requiring reoperation within 30 d of resection occurred more commonly in the gastrectomy group(n=6),all after TG,compared to 1 esophagectomy patient(12.8% vs 0.6%,P=0.0003). Six of 7 patients(85.7%)who experienced tube-re

关键词： Feeding jejunostomy Esophagectomy Gastrectomy Nutritional recovery Outcomes

Structure and sequence analysis of influenza A virus nucleoprotein

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 439-449页

作者： ng Andy Ka-Leung SHAW Pang-Chui Molecular Biotechnology Programme Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography The Chi-nese University of Hong Kong

Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) forms homo-oligomers and multiple copies of NP wrap around genomic RNA, along with a trimeric polymerase making up ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Sequence comparison of more than 2500 influenza A NP showed that this protein contains 30.1 % of polymorphic residues. NP is composed of a head and a body domain and a tail loop/ linker region. The head domain is more conserved than the body domain, as revealed from the structure-based sequence alignment. NP oligomerization is mediated by the insertion of the non-polymorphic and structurally conserved tail loop of one NP molecule to a groove of another NP. The different form of NP oligomers is due to the flexibility of the polymorphic linkers that join the tail loop to the rest of the protein. The RNA binding property of NP is known to involve the protruding element and the flexible basic loop between the head and body domains, both having high degree of primary sequence conservation. To bind RNA, NP may first capture the RNA by the flexible basic loop and then the RNA is clamped by the protruding element.

关键词： Influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein oligomerization RNA binding

Impact of undissociated volatile fatty acids on acidogenesis in a two-phase anaerobic system

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 196-201页

作者： Keke Xiao Yan Zhou Chenghong Guo Yogananda Maspolim Wun jern ng Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research InstituteNanyang Technological University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University

This study investigated the degradation and production of volatile fatty acids（VFAs）in the acidogenic phase reactor of a two-phase anaerobic system.20 mmol/L bromoethanesulfonic acid（BESA）was used to inhibit acidogenic methanogens（which were present in the acidogenic phase reactor）from degrading *** impact of undissociated volatile fatty acids（un VFAs）on＂net＂VFAs production in the acidogenic phase reactor was then evaluated,with the exclusion of concurrent VFAs degradation.＂Net＂VFAs production from glucose degradation was partially inhibited at high un VFAs concentrations,with 59%,37% and 60% reduction in production rates at 2190 mg chemical oxygen demand（COD）/L undissociated acetic acid（un HAc）,2130 mg COD/L undissociated propionic acid（un HPr）and 2280 mg COD/L undissociated n-butyric acid（un HBu）,*** profile of VFAs produced further indicated that while an un VFA can primarily affect its own formation,there were also un VFAs that affected the formation of other VFAs.

关键词： Anaerobic process Waste treatment Substrate inhibition Undissociated volatile fatty acids Acidogenesis

Synthesis of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile and 1,2,4-triazine-5(4H)-one derivatives from furan-2,3-diones

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第12期24卷 1130-1133页

作者： Sevket Hakan ngren Emine Dilekoglu Irfan Koca Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and SciencesBozok University

The reaction of furan-2,3-diones with S-methylisothiosemicarbazide hydroiodide yielded novel 1,2,4- triazine-5（4H）-ones, and reaction of furan-2,3-diones with diaminomaleonitrile led to the formation of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives, and the hydrolysis of these products led to the formation of more new pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives. These compounds are potential herbicides and pesticides.

关键词： Pyrazine-2 3-dicarbonitrile 1 2 4-Triazine-5(4H)-ones Furan-2 3-diones S-Methyl isothiosemicarbazide Diaminomaleonitrile