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Occurrence of retained placenta is preceded by an inflammatory state and alterations of energy metabolism in transition dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 423-435页

作者： elda dervishi Guanshi Zhang Dagnachew Hailemariam Suzana M.Dunn Burim N.Ametaj Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Alberta

Background： Failure to expel fetal membranes within 24 h of calving is a pathological condition defined as retained placenta（RP）. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate whether there are alterations in several selected serum variables related to innate immunity and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism that precede occurrence of RP in transition Holstein dairy ***： One hundred multiparous Holstein dairy cows were involved in the study. Blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein during the-8 to ＋4 wks around parturition, once per week before the morning *** healthy control cows（CON） and 6 cows with RP were selected and serum samples at-8,-4, time of diagnosis of disease, and ＋4 wks relative to parturition were used for analyses. All samples were analyzed for lactate, nonesterified fatty acids（NEFA）, β-hydroxybutyrate（BHBA）, interleukin-1（IL-1）, interleukin-6（IL-6）, tumor necrosis factor（TNF）, haptoglobin（Hp）, and serum amyloid A（SAA）.Results： Cows with RP had greater concentrations of serum lactate, IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and SAA in comparison with CON cows. Intriguingly, elevated concentrations of all five variables were observed at-8 and-4 wks before the occurrence of RP compared to healthy cows. Cows with RP also had lower DMI and milk production vs CON animals; however milk composition was not affected by ***： Cows with RP showed an activated innate immunity 8 wks prior to diagnosis of disease. Overall results suggest that serum IL-1, IL- 6, and TNF, and lactate can be used as screening biomarkers to indicate cows that might have health issues during the transition period.

关键词： Innate immunity Retained placenta Serum metabolites Transition dairy cows

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Waste-to-Fuel Technology in Albania——How to Implement a Renewable Energy System in Europe’s Largest Onshore Oilfield

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第6期30卷 1311-1325页

作者： Besmir Buranaj Hoxha Dael dervishi Kyle Sweeney PetroFluids LLC Houston TX 77084USA McCain Institute Washington D.C.20006USA Fulbright Program&UNDP PrishtinaThe Republic of Kosovo

Albania has historically been known to have an active but challenging drilling activity that demands the most innovative technology to develop,predominantly,medium-heavy oil *** recent efforts have been made by the government to stimulate and expand the largest onshore European oilfield,technical and economical obstacles are *** obstacles make it difficult to fully develop reliable and profitable hydrocarbon bearing zones in a downturn economy,especially since Albanian oil can be costly to produce and *** to these typical issues that affect many local energy sectors,many developed countries diversify their energy production to avoid strict dependency on crude *** emblematic and modern option that is extensively gaining popularity in Europe focuses on renewable energy from sophisticated recycling *** Albania is a relatively"green"country when it pertains to its electricity production(97%hydropower and 3%fossil fuels),it has yet to develop energy-recycling programs that it can salvage for self-sustainable energy *** past years have seen a conscious revitalization and stimulation in the mentality of green economy in ***,in comparison to the rest of"western Europe"that are leading world examples in efficient recycling,it is significantly lagging with initial strides just now focusing on aligning national legislations with current EU ***,two crucial reasons that should motivate Albania to investigate new applications for energy recycling are:(1)alternatives to crude oil and petroleum products that can be supplemental and provide stable access to fossil fuels;(2)industrial and municipal recycling via waste management to reprocess waste and produce industrial raw material-spawning the emergence of a"circular economy"to develop the backbone needed to strengthen the industrial and manufacturing markets for a self-sustaining ***,in this paper,the topic that will be addressed,giv

关键词： renewable energy pyrolysis waste-to-fuel technology circular economy plastic-to-fuel alternative energy

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