检索结果-南通市图书馆

Prevalence of Aflatoxins in Smoked-Dried and Fresh Fish in Zambia

Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第1期11卷 13-21页

作者： Indra Sen Singh elasto nsokolo Chemistry Department School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences The Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia National Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Lusaka Zambia

The food contamination is a critical public health concern at the global level. The aflatoxins are considerable food contaminants and health menace to a sizable world population. Aflatoxins originate from fungi as their toxic secondary metabolites. This study aimed to probe the contamination level of aflatoxins in smoked-dried fish and the extent of the threat it might pose on human health. The study considered five of the regularly consumed species of smoked-dried fish. The study also considered two species of fresh fish. The investigation was carried out using VICAM Series-4EX Fluorometer. The Buka fish sample had the lowest concentration of 1.3 ppb for total aflatoxins, and Bream fish was analyzed to have the highest as 3.84 ppb. As such, the total aflatoxin concentration in this study was found to be between 1.3 and 3.84 ppb. These concentrations can be considered to be a matter of concern. Prolonged intake of the aflatoxins in this range may result in a health hazard to humans. As expected, there was no trace of aflatoxins detected in fresh fish samples.

关键词： Aflatoxins Mycotoxins Fluorometer

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Systematic review and meta-analysis of esophageal cancer in Africa:Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4512-4533页

作者： Akwi W Asombang Nathaniel Chishinga Alick Nkhoma Jackson Chipaila Bright nsokolo Martha Manda-Mapalo Joao Filipe G Montiero Lewis Banda Kulwinder S Dua Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903United States Department for HIV Elimination Fulton County GovernmentAtlantaGA 30303United States Department of Gastroenterology Royal Stoke University HospitalUniversity Hospitals of North Midlands NHS TrustStaffordshire ST4 6QGUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University Teaching Hospital-Adult HospitalLusaka 10101Zambia Department of Medicine Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching HospitalTropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group(TROPGAN)Lusaka 10101Zambia Department of Medicine The University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Medicine Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903United States Hematology/Oncology Cancer Disease HospitalLusaka 10101Zambia Department of Medicine and Pediatrics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer(EC)is associated with a poor prognosis,particularly so in Africa where an alarmingly high mortality to incidence ratio prevails for this *** To provide further understanding of EC in the context of the unique cultural and genetic diversity,and socio-economic challenges faced on the African *** We performed a systematic review of studies from Africa to obtain data on epidemiology,risk factors,management and outcomes of EC.A non-systematic review was used to obtain incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer,and the Cancer in Sub-Saharan *** searched EMBASE,PubMed,Web of Science,and Cochrane Central from inception to March 2019 and reviewed the list of articles *** effects metaanalyses were used to assess heterogeneity between studies and to obtain odds ratio(OR)of the associations between EC and risk factors;and incidence rate ratios for EC between sexes with their respective 95%confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS The incidence of EC is higher in males than females,except in North Africa where it is similar for both *** highest age-standardized rate is from Malawi(30.3 and 19.4 cases/year/100000 population for males and females,respectively)followed by Kenya(28.7 cases/year/100000 population for both sexes).The incidence of EC rises sharply after the age of 40 years and reaches a peak at 75 years ***-analysis shows a strong association with tobacco(OR 3.15,95%CI:2.83-3.50).There was significant heterogeneity between studies on alcohol consumption(OR 2.28,95%CI:1.94-2.65)and on low socioeconomic status(OR 139,95%CI:1.25-1.54)as risk factors,but these could also contribute to increasing the incidence of *** best treatment outcomes were with esophagectomy with survival rates of 76.6%at 3 years,and chemo-radiotherapy with an overall combined survival time of 267.50 *** Africa has high incidence and mortality rates of EC,with preventable and nonmodifiable ris

关键词： Esophageal cancer in Africa Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Cancer in Africa Systematic review

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of <i>Azadirachta indica</i>Leaf Extracts against <i>Escherichia coli</i>

引用

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2022年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Christabel Nang’andu Hikaambo Luyando Kaacha Steward Mudenda Mutenta nsokolo Nyambe Billy Chabalenge Margaret Phiri Luke Lundau Biete Tumelo Muyenga Akapelwa Webrod Mufwambi Martha Chulu Martin Kampamba Department of Pharmacy School of Health Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Faculty of Pharmacy Nutrition and Dietetics Lusaka Apex Medical University Lusaka Zambia Department of Medicines Control Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority Lusaka Zambia Department of Pharmacy School of Medicine and Health Sciences Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy Eden University Lusaka Zambia Department of Physiological Sciences School of Medicine and Health Sciences Mulungushi University Livingstone Zambia Department of Pharmacy School of Health Sciences Levy Mwanawasa Medical University Lusaka Zambia

Background: Traditional medicine has employed Azadirachta indica to treat a variety of ailments. However, there is little information on the use of this plant in Zambia. Objective: To evaluate the phytochemicals and antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica leaf extracts against Escherichia coli. Materials and Methods: This was a laboratory-based experimental study in which ethanol and water were used for extraction by maceration. Phytochemical analysis was then done on the leaf extract. Using the disc diffusion method, varying concentrations of A. indica aqueous and ethanolic extracts were used to test the antibacterial activity of A. indica against Escherichia coli. The sensitivity of t

关键词： Phytochemicals Antibacterial Activity Escherichia coli Azadirachta indica Neem

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chronic hepatitis B virus monoinfection at a university hospital in Zambia

引用

World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第9期10卷 622-628页

作者： Michael J Vinikoor Edford Sinkala Annie Kanunga Mutinta Muchimba Bright nsokolo Roma Chilengi Gilles Wandeler Joseph Mulenga Tina Chisenga Debika Bhattacharya Michael S Saag Graham Foster Michael W Fried Paul Kelly Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusaka 50110Zambia Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia Lusaka 34681Zambia Department of Medicine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294United States Department of Infectious Diseases Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBern 3012Switzerland Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Zambia National Blood Transfusion Service Private Bag RW1X RidgewayLusaka 50110Zambia Zambian Ministry of Health Ndeke HouseLusaka 30205Zambia Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90035United States Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2ATUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514United States

AIM To characterize antiviral therapy eligibility among hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected adults at a university hospital in *** Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive adults(n = 160) who were h IV-negative and referred to the hospital after a routine or clinically-driven HBV test were enrolled. Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT),Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST),platelet count,hepatitis B e-antigen,and HBV DNA were measured. Liver fibrosis/cirrhosis was assessed by physical examination,AST-to-platelet ratio index,and transient elastography. In antiviral therapy-na?ve individuals,we described hBV stages and antiviral therapy eligibility per World health Organization(WhO) and by hBV test(routine vs clinical). Elevated ALT was > 19 in women and > 30 U/L in men. Among treatmentexperienced individuals,we described medication side effects,adherence,and viral *** The median age was 33 years,71.9% were men,and 30.9% were diagnosed with HBV through a clinicallydriven test with the remainder identified via routine testing(at the blood bank,community events,etc.). Among 120 treatment-na?ve individuals,2.5% were categorized as immune tolerant,11.7% were immune active,35.6% were inactive carriers,and 46.7% had an indeterminate phenotype. Per WhO guidelines,13(10.8%) were eligible for immediate antiviral therapy. The odds of eligibility were eight times higher for those diagnosed at clinical vs routine settings(adjusted odds ratio,8.33; 95%CI: 2.26-29.41). Among 40 treatmentexperienced hBV patients,virtually all took tenofovir,and a history of mild side effects was reported in 20%. Though reported adherence was good,12 of 29(41.4%) had HBV DNA > 20 IU/m L. CONCLUSION Approximately one in ten HBV-monoinfected Zambians were eligible for antivirals. Many had indeterminate phenotype and needed clinical follow-up.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Liver fibrosis Treatment Tenofovir Africa

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：