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Meteorological drought in semi-arid regions:A case study of Iran

Journal of Arid Land 2022年第11期14卷 1212-1233页

作者： Hushiar HAMARASH Rahel hamad Azad RASUL Scientific Research Center Soran UniversitySoran 44008Iraq Faculty of Arts Department of GeographySoran UniversitySoran 44008Iraq

Drought occurs in almost all climate zones and is characterized by prolonged water deficiency due to unbalanced demand and supply of water,persistent insufficient precipitation,lack of moisture,and high *** caused by insufficient precipitation is a temporary and recurring meteorological *** in semi-arid regions is different from that in other regions,ranging from 50 to 750 *** general,the semi-arid regions in the west and north of Iran received more precipitation than those in the east and *** Terrestrial Climate(TerraClimate)data,including monthly precipitation,minimum temperature,maximum temperature,potential evapotranspiration,and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)developed by the University of Idaho,were used in this *** PDSI data was directly obtained from the Google Earth Engine *** Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)on two different scales were calculated in time series and also both SPI and SPEI were shown in spatial distribution *** result showed that normal conditions were a common occurrence in the semi-arid regions of Iran over the majority of years from 2000 to 2020,according to a spatiotemporal study of the SPI at 3-month and 12-month time scales as well as the SPEI at 3-month and 12-month time ***,the PDSI detected extreme dry years during 2000-2003 and in 2007,2014,and *** many semi-arid regions of Iran,the SPI at 3-month time scale is higher than the SPEI at 3-month time scale in 2000,2008,2014,2015,and *** general,this study concluded that the semi-arid regions underwent normal weather conditions from 2000 to *** a way,moderate,severe,and extreme dry occurred with a lesser percentage,gradually *** to the PDSI,during 2000-2003 and 2007-2014,extreme dry struck practically all hot semi-arid regions of *** parts of the cold semi-arid regions,on the other hand,only ex

关键词： meteorological drought precipitation Standardized Precipitation Index Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index Palmer Drought Severity Index Iran

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Brittle and ductile characteristics of intermetallic compounds in magnesium alloys: A large-scale screening guided by machine learning

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 392-404页

作者： Russlan Jaafreh Yoo Seong Kang Kotiba hamad School of Advanced Materials Science&Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea School of Applied Data Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea

In the present work,we have employed machine learning(ML)techniques to evaluate ductile-brittle(DB)behaviors in intermetallic compounds(IMCs)which can form magnesium(Mg)*** procedure was mainly conducted by a proxy-based method,where the ratio of shear(G)/bulk(B)moduli was used as a proxy to identify whether the compound is ductile or *** from compounds information(composition and crystal structure)and their moduli,as found in open databases(AFLOW),ML-based models were built,and those models were used to predict the moduli in other compounds,and accordingly,to foresee the ductile-brittle behaviors of these new *** results reached in the present work showed that the built models can effectively catch the elastic moduli of new *** was confirmed through moduli calculations done by density functional theory(DFT)on some compounds,where the DFT calculations were consistent with the ML prediction.A further confirmation on the reliability of the built ML models was considered through relating between the DB behavior in MgBe_(13) and MgPd_(2),as evaluated by the ML-predicted moduli,and the nature of chemical bonding in these two compounds,which in turn,was investigated by the charge density distribution(CDD)and electron localization function(elF)obtained by DFT *** ML-evaluated DB behaviors of the two compounds was also consistent with the DFT calculations of CDD and *** findings and confirmations gave legitimacy to the built model to be employed in further prediction ***,as examples,the DB characteristics were investigated in IMCs that might from in three Mg alloy series,involving AZ,ZX and WE.

关键词： Mg alloys Intermetallic compounds Ductile-brittle Machine learning Algorithm Features DFT

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Feeding Habits of the Bogue, Boops boops （Linnaeus, 1758）（Teleostei： Sparidae）in Benghazi Coast, Eastern Libya

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Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第5期9卷 189-196页

作者： hamad el-Maremie Mohammad el-Mor Marine Resources Department Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Science Omar A1-Mokhtar University Al-Bayda 919 Libya Zoology Department Faculty of Science Omar Al-Mokhtar University Al-Bayda 919 Libya Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University lsmailia 41611 Egypt

The feeding habits of 500 specimens ofBoops boops （family： Sparidae）, inhabiting Benghazi Mediterranean coast, were studied monthly from November 2012 to October 2013. The annual diet composition, monthly variations in the diet composition, the variations of diet with length and the intensity of feeding were studied. Boops hoops feed on a wide variety of prey types： Crustacean （49.0%）, Porifera （22.7%）, Coelenterate （10.2%）, Seagrasses （9.2%）, Mollusca （8.1%） and Protozoa （0.9%）. The Crustacean, Porifera, Coelenterate, Seagrasses and Mollusca were the major food item all year round and it was found in all length groups. In the present study, Crustacean, Porifera, Seagrasses and Mollusca increased as the size increased while Coelenterate and Protozoa decreased as the fish size increased. The feeding intensity was quite high during the autumn and summer.

关键词： Feeding habits Boops boops eastern coast Mediterranean Sea Libya.

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Investigating materials and orientation parameters for the creation of a 3D musculoskeletal interface co-culture model

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2020年第4期7卷 413-425页

作者： hamad Alsaykhan Jennifer Z.Paxton Anatomy@Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School:Biomedical SciencesThe University of EdinburghTeviot PlaceEdinburgh EH89AGUK Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine and Health SciencesQassim UniversityPO Box 99151911 Unaizah CampusAl-Qassim 51911Saudi Arabia

Musculoskeletal tissue interfaces are a common site of injury in the young,active *** particular,the interface between the musculoskeletal tissues of tendon and bone is often injured and to date,no single treatment has been able to restore the form and function of damaged tissue at the bone-tendon *** engineering and regeneration hold great promise for the manufacture of bespoke in vitro models or implants to be used to advance repair and so this study investigated the material,orientation and culture choices for manufacturing a reproducible 3D model of a musculoskeletal interface between tendon and bone cell *** models are essential for future studies focussing on the regeneration of musculoskeletal interfaces in ***-encapsulated fibrin hydrogels,arranged in a horizontal orientation though a simple moulding procedure,were shown to best support cellular growth and migration of cells to form an in vitro tendon-bone *** study highlights the importance of acknowledging the material and technical challenges in establishing co-cultures and suggests a reproducible methodology to form 3D co-cultures between tendon and bone,or other musculoskeletal cell types,in vitro.

关键词： tendon bone 3D co-culture hydrogels musculoskeletal interface

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Improved Multi-party Quantum Key Agreement with Four-qubit Cluster States

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 225-232页

作者： Hussein Abulkasim Eatedal Alabdulkreem Safwat hamad Faculty of Science New Valley UniversityEl-Kharga&the Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyCairoEgypt College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

Quantum key agreement is a promising key establishing protocol that can play a significant role in securing 5G/6G communication ***,Liu et al.(Quantum Information Processing 18(8):1-10,2019)proposed a multi-party quantum key agreement protocol based on four-qubit cluster states was *** aim of their protocol is to agree on a shared secret key among multiple remote *** et *** four-qubit cluster states to be the quantum resources and the X operation to securely share a secret *** addition,Liu et al.’s protocol guarantees that each participant makes an equal contribution to the final *** authors also claimed that the proposed protocol is secure against participant attack and dishonest participants cannot generate the final shared key ***,we show here that Liu et *** is insecure against a collusive attack,where dishonest participants can retrieve the private inputs of a trustworthy participant without being ***,the corresponding modifications are presented to address these security flaws in Liu et al.’s protocol.

关键词： Quantum key agreement 5G/6G communication networks collusive attacks quantum cryptography

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Restructuring nephrology services to combat COVID-19 pandemic:Report from a Middle Eastern country

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World Journal of Nephrology 2020年第2期9卷 9-17页

作者： Muhammad Asim Mohamad Alkadi Abdullah hamad Muftah Othman Essa Abuhelaiqa omar Fituri Ihabel-Madhoun Hassan Al-Malki Nephrology Division Department of MedicineHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread across the world and has been classified as a *** has overwhelmed the healthcare ***,it has overstretched the intensive care units and renal replacement therapy services in many *** this paper,we discuss the reconfiguration of nephrology services in the State of Qatar during the current *** highlight the key strategies that have been implemented to ensure that renal replacement therapy capacity is not constrained in either the intensive care or ambulatory *** innovative approaches for the safe delivery of ambulatory care to dialysis and kidney transplant patients are also discussed.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 Nephrology Pandemic Renal replacement therapy Infection control

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On Two Double Inequalities (Optimal Bounds and Sharps Bounds) for Centroidal Mean in Terms of Contraharmonic and Arithmetic Means

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第6期8卷 1039-1046页

作者： Mohammed el Mokhtar Ould el Mokhtar hamad Alharbi Qassim University Al-Mulida Qassim KSA Shaqra University Shaqra KSA

This research work considers the following inequalities: λA(a,b) + (1-λ)C(a,b) ≤ C(a,b) ≤ μA(a,b) + (1-μ)C(a,b) and C[λa + (1-λ)b, λb + (1-λ)a] ≤ C(a,b) ≤ C[μa + (1-μ)b, μb + (1-μ)a] with . The researchers attempt to find an answer as to what are the best possible parameters λ, μ that (1.1) and (1.2) can be hold? The main tool is the optimization of some suitable functions that we seek to find out. By searching the best possible parameters such that (1.1) and (1.2) can be held. Firstly, we insert f(t) = λA(a,b) + (1-λ)C(a,b) - C(a,b) without the loss of generality. We assume that a>b and let to determine the condition for λ and μ to become f (t) ≤ 0. Secondly, we insert g(t) = μA(a,b) + (1-μ)C(a,b) - C(a,b) without the loss of generality. We assume that a>b and let to determine the condition for λ and μ to become g(t) ≥ 0.

关键词： Centroidal Mean Arithmetic Mean Contraharmonic Mean

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On the Effect of Mist Flow on the Heat Transfer Performances of a Three-Copper- Sphere Configuration

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第11期19卷 2863-2875页

作者： Karema A.hamad Yasser A.Mahmood Department of electromechanical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq

The cooling of a(pebble bed)spent fuel in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor(HTGR)is adversely affected by an increase in the temperature of the used gas(air).To investigate this problem,a configuration consisting of three copper spheres arranged in tandem subjected to a forced mistflow inside a cylindrical channel is *** heat transfer coefficients and related variations as a function of Reynolds number are investigated *** experimental results show that when compared to those with only airflow,the heat transfer coefficient of the spherical elements with mistflow(j=112 kg/m2 hr,Re=55000)increases by 180%,75%,and 20%,respec-tively for thefirst,second,and third spherical element(the corresponding heat transfer enhancement ratio being 2.3,1.4,and 1.1).Additional numerical simulations reveal that the presence of stagnant zones with intense vortex formation around each spherical element contributes significantly to determine the heat transfer behavior.

关键词： Mistflow mist irrigation density heat transfer coefficient vortex zone water droplet settling

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Enhancement of Quantum Correlations in Qubit-Qutrit Systems under the non-Markovian Environment

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第7期67卷 29-34页

作者： Abdul Basi hamad Ali Fazal Badshah Guo-Qin Ge School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430074 China

We investigate the time evolution of quantum correlations of a hybrid qubit-qutrit system under the classical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck(OU) noise. Here we consider two different one-parameter families of qubit-qutrit states which independently interact with the non-Markovian reservoirs. A comparison with the Markovian dynamics reveals that for the same set of initial condition parameters, the non-Markovian behavior of the environment plays an important role in the enhancement of the survival time of quantum correlations. In addition, it is observed that the non-Markovian strength(γ/Γ) has a positive impact on the correlations time. For the initial separable states it is found that there is a finite time interval in which the geometric quantum discord is frozen despite the presence of a noisy environment and that interval can be further prolonged by using the non-Markovian property. Moreover, its decay can be significantly delayed.

关键词： entanglement geometric quantum discord Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise non-Markovian environ-ment

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第7期33卷 923-930页

作者： M. A. A. hamad M. FERDOWS Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Assiut University School of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Mathematics University of Dhaka

The boundary-layer flow and heat transfer in a viscous fluid containing metallic nanoparticles over a nonlinear stretching sheet are analyzed. The stretching velocity is assumed to vary as a power function of the distance from the origin. The governing partial differential equation and auxiliary conditions are reduced to coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the appropriate corresponding auxiliary conditions. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations （ODEs） are solved numerically. The effects of various relevant parameters, namely, the Eckert number Ec, the solid volume fraction of the nanoparticles ~, and the nonlinear stretching parameter n are discussed. The comparison with published results is also presented. Different types of nanoparticles are studied. It is shown that the behavior of the fluid flow changes with the change of the nanoparticles type.

关键词： nanofluid nonlinearly stretching sheet similarity solution nonlinearordinary equation partial differential equation viscous flow

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