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Sudden Cardiac Death in Dakar: Epidemiological and Anatomo-Pathological Characteristics

Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2019年第3期7卷 51-61页

作者： el hadji oumar ndoye Amadou Mouctar Diallo Ibou Thiam Mouhamed Manibiliot Soumah Sidy Ahmed Dia Mor Ndiaye Forensic and Labor Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Forensic Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) generally refers to sudden cardiovascular death of a person with or without pre-existing heart disease. This is a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology at Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Senegal. This study covers a period of 7 years from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2006. During this 7-year period we collected 235 cases of sudden cardiovascular death out of a total of 3717 forensic autopsies, representing a frequency of 6.32%. Sudden cardiovascular deaths accounted for 75.3% of all 312 sudden deaths. 96.1% were black compared to 3.9% Caucasians. The average age of the patients was 46.86 years with extremes ranging from 17 to 86 years. The most affected age group was between 50 - 59 years old, representing 23.4% of the cases. The sex ratio was 4.3 in favour of men. Men aged 50 - 59 were the most affected, while women were more affected in the 20 - 29 age group. Cardiomyopathies constituted 54.9% with 90% of dilated cardiomyopathies of which 75% were male and 10% of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies more frequent also in men. Valvulopathies came in 3rd position with 3.4% of the cases and in 75% of the cases they were poly-valvulopathies. Atherosclerosis was incriminated in 2.5% of the cases and aortic localization was the most represented. Aortic dissection was implicated in 6 cases out of 235 or 2.5%. It was isolated in 4 cases (without other cardiac conditions), and in the other 2 cases it was accompanied by other cardiac lesions including hypertrophy, pericarditis and endocarditis. The other causes found were interauricular communication (n = 1) and pericarditis (n = 2). Sudden cardiovascular death is a major global public health problem. The lack of epidemiological data on sudden death in Africa motivated our work, which led us to note that 75.3% of all sudden deaths in adults were of cardiovascular origin.

关键词： Sudden Cardiac Death Forensic Medicine Autopsy

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Assessment of Total Incapacity for Work or Incapacity in the Criminal Sense in Case of Penetrating Wounds of the Neck

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2018年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： el hadji oumar ndoye Bobo Diallo Sidy Ahmed Dia Mouhamed Manibiliot Soumah Mame Coumba Fall Mor Ndiaye Department of Forensic and Labor Medicine University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senegal ENT Department of the University Hospital Center of Fann Dakar Senegal

Penetrating wounds of the neck are often life-threatening. The victims are exposed to vascular and laryngotracheal lesions. The purpose of this work is to report the various aspects of the management of penetrating wounds in our context and to make the medico-legal assessment of incapacity in the criminal sense or total incapacity for work. This is a retrospective study (2002-2014) on thirty-nine (39) cases of penetrating neck wounds, received at the ENT departments of the Aristide Le Dantec and Fann University Hospital Centers. Patients were predominantly male, representing 94% of cases with an average age of 27 years. Seventy (70%) of the accidents occurred in the region of Dakar. In 42% of cases, the circumstance of occurrence was a fight or an assault. The weapon used in most cases by the aggressor was a cutter or a knife. The average waiting time was 37 hours with extremes of 02 and 216 hours. Surgically, all patients had been examined under general anesthesia. In terms of lesions, 37 cases had profound cervical muscle injuries, i.e. 94%. There were 17 vascular lesions (43%). The medico-legal distribution of patients showed that among them, 10% had a total incapacity to work exceeding 21 days. The determination of total incapacity for work is an important medical procedure that requires capability and experience. The doctor must not fall into the trap of the confusion between the TIW on the criminal level and the TIW on the civil level. He must limit medically and should not make judgments.

关键词： Penetrating Neck Wounds Assessment of Total Incapacity for Work Criminal Incapacity Forensic Medicine

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Total Hip Prosthesis in Dakar and Forensic Implication

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2018年第3期6卷 37-46页

作者： el hadji oumar ndoye Serigne Moussa Badiane Mohamadou M. Soumah Sidy Ahmet Dia Mame Coumba Fall Mor Ndiaye Faculty of Medicine Pharmaceutics and Odonto-Stomatology UCAD Service de Médecine Légaleet du Travail Dakar Sénégal Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Sénégal

The total hip prosthesis is the ultimate treatment of the hip joint’s wear. It is a delicate surgery and the most common replacements. This study was performed in the Orthopaedic-Traumatology Department of Public Health Establishment of Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar. It aimed to determine the complications of our total hip and highlight their forensic implications. This is a retrospective study from patients collected from January 2000 up to December 2010. The collection of elements records was performed for each patient, based on a file including age, sex, primary-location’s etiology, and types of complications of total hip prostheses. The analysis of these complications has shown that infections, poorly lit information, poor operational planning and technical foul may be the main cause of a forensic implication. This is a retrospective study from patients collected from January 2000 up to December 2010. No lawsuit has been recorded for the complications identified in this work. This is due to the belief in fate, ignorance of the victims and solidarity of the medical profession, the high cost and slow pace of judicial proceedings. The diagnosis of total hip prosthesis complications is mainly based on imaging tests. The absence of scintigraphy in our center remains a limit to the early diagnosis of multiple complications and the proper establishment of the epidemiological profile of these lesions. Taking consciences patients of their rights encourages a legitimate requirement repair the harm inflicted.

关键词： Total Hip Replacement Forensic Implications Bone Scintigraphy Articular and Bone Imaging

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Place of Bone Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Extension and Follow-Up of Breast Cancer in Senegal: Study of 165 Cases in the Nuclear Medicine Department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (Dakar)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第1期14卷 10-30页

作者： el hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Mamoudou Salif Djigo Djimby Ba Gora Thiaw Ousseynou Diop Kalidou Gueye Olatounde Herbert Fachinan Boucar Ndong Omar ndoye Mamadou Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysics Laboratory FMPO UCAD Dakar Senegal Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Nursing and Obstetrics Training Institute Parakou University Parakou Benin

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, accounting for an estimated 22% of all female cancers. It is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women, almost all of which is due to metastases, with 73% of metastases occurring in the bone. In oncology, metastable technetium 99-labelled methylene bisphosphonate bone scintigraphy (BS) remains the standard examination for detecting and assessing the extent of bone metastases. The aim of this study was to assess the role of BS in the evaluation and follow-up of breast cancer in Senegal. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of breast cancer patients who underwent bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMDP in the nuclear medicine department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (IPGHO), from July 2009 to June 2022. Results: We enrolled 165 patients, mean age 46.79 years (27 - 87 years). BS was performed in 94.37% of cases for post-therapeutic monitoring and in 5.63% for pre-therapeutic assessment. Results were contributory in 131 patients (92.25%), of whom 72 cases (50.70%) were normal and 59 cases (41.55%) positive or presenting bone metastases;and non-contributory or doubtful in 11 cases (7.75%). Secondary bone locations were multiple in 57 cases (96.61%) and single or solitary in 2 cases (3.39%). The scintigraphic appearance of bone metastases was hyper-fixative in 58 cases (98.31%) and mixed in 1 case (1.69%). Bone lesions were quantified using the Soloway’s grading classification. Conclusion: BS with 99mTc-labelled bisphosphonates remains the examination of choice for skeletal exploration, in the detection and extension of bone metastases in breast cancer. Performance has been enhanced by the development of SPECT coupled with CT (SPECT-CT).

关键词： Breast Cancer Bone Scintigraphy 99mTc-HMDP Bone Metastases

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Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy in the Metastatic Extension Assessment of Prostate Cancer: A Study of 288 Cases in the Nuclear Medicine Department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital, Dakar

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第2期14卷 79-98页

作者： el hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Ousseynou Diop Mamoudou Salif Djigo Gora Thiaw Kalidou Gueye Mohamed Chekhma Olatounde Herbert Fachinan Boucar Ndong Omar ndoye Mamadou Mbodj Department of Nuclear Medicine Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Department of Nuclear Medicine Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed male malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Since the advent of screening methods such as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) assay, digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate biopsy, its incidence has increased significantly. The aim of our study was to analyse aspects of bone scintigraphy (BS) as part of the metastatic extension assessment of prostate cancer in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study, running from January 1er 2022 to August 31 2023. Patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were included. Whole-body scans (WBS) were performed using a dual-head SPECT gamma camera (Mediso Nucline TM Spirit DH-V type), 3 hours after intravenous injection of 8 MBq/kg (555 to 740 MBq) of 99mTc-HMDP. Results: A total of 288 patients with a mean age of 68.37 ± 7.79 years were included. The median total PSA level was 97.6 ng/ml, with 144 patients having a level greater than or equal to 20 ng/ml. All patients had adenocarcinoma, and the Gleason score was available in 202 (70.13%) patients, 75.75% of whom had a score greater than or equal to 7. BS was contributory in 70.48% of cases, with 30.90% positive and 39.58% negative. The result was inconclusive in 85 patients (29.51%). The mean PSA for patients with a positive scan was 190.2 ng/ml and 40.6 ng/ml for those with a negative scan. Multiple metastatic lesions predominated (87.35% of cases). Metastatic lesions occurred preferentially in the axial skeleton, with a proportion of 68% versus 32% in the appendicular skeleton. Classification of bone metastases according to the SOLOWAY score revealed grade I (62.07%), grade II (35.63%) and grade IV (2.30%). Conclusion: In Senegal, prostate cancer is generally diagnosed in men of advanced age. The presence of bone metastases is frequent in its evolution, transforming a curable localized disease into a g

关键词： Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis Bone Scintigraphy Senegal

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Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of a Case of SAPHO in the Nuclear Medicine Department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (Dakar, Senegal)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： el hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Kalidou Gueye Serigne Moussa Badiane Mamoudou Salif Djigo Gora Thiaw Ousseynou Diop Olatounde Herbert Fachinan Papa Mady Sy Alfonse Rodrigue Djiboune Kokou Fofo Toussaint Adambounou Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Boucar Ndong Gora Mbaye Omar ndoye Mounibé Diarra Mamadou Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory UFR2S Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Physical and Pharmaceutical Biophysics FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory University of Lome Lome Togo

Introduction: The acronym SAPHO (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis) is a syndrome combining osteoarticular and cutaneous manifestations. It occurs mainly between the ages of 30 and 50. Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is one of the main distinguishing features. We report a case of SAPHO in Dakar diagnosed by bone scintigraphy. Observation: 28-year-old Senegalese women presented with left shoulder pain and relative functional impotence for over 2 years. Examination revealed right sternoclavicular hyperostosis and left shoulder pain on palpation. Questioning revealed a history of acne and hyperostosis of the right first toe. Bone scintigraphy, performed after injection of 630 MBq of 99mTc-HMDP, revealed: hyperfixation of the bilateral (right++) manubrio-sternal and sternoclavicular junction, producing the classic bull’s horn image;hyperfixation of the left shoulder with an inflammatory appearance;hyperfixation of the sacroiliac joints suggestive of bilateral sacroiliitis;hyperfixation of the right first toe;two mandibular hyper fixations probably related to dental damage. This scintigraphic appearance in one was strongly suggestive of SAPHO syndrome. Conclusion: SAPHO syndrome, related to spondyloarthropathy, associates cutaneous and osteoarticular signs. It is characterized by frequent delays in diagnosis due to poor recognition. Soy is an invaluable diagnostic tool, enabling us to assess the extent of the disease and its evolution.

关键词： SAPHO Bone Scintigraphy Young Woman Senegalese

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Iodine 131 Treatment in Graves’ Disease in a West African Country: Preliminary Study about 25 Cases in Senegal

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 56-72页

作者： el hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Serigne Moussa Badiane Mamoudou Salif Djigo Gora Thiaw Kalidou Gueye Ousseynou Diop Boucar Ndong Kokou Fofo Toussaint Adambounou Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Papa Mady Sy Mamadou Soumbounou Mohamed Chekhma Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Gora Mbaye Omar ndoye Mounibé Diarra Mamadou Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department General Hospital of Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory University of Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Physical and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Its treatment uses synthetic antithyroid drugs but the use of aggressive radical therapy such as surgery or non-aggressive therapy such as iodine-131 is not uncommon. Treatment of Graves’ disease with radioactive iodine or iratherapy is a simple, inexpensive, well-tolerated treatment. It was introduced in Senegal in 2016. We report through this work the preliminary assessment of the only nuclear medicine service in Senegal in the management of Graves’ disease by iodine-131. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of the first cases of Graves’ disease treated with iratherapy in Senegal. Socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. Radiation protection rules have been implemented and contraception has been effective for six months in women of childbearing age. Results: 25 patients were collected with a mean age of 45 years, twenty women (80%), a family goiter in 24% and a psycho-affective context in 64% of cases. Thyrotoxicosis syndrome was associated with goiter in 68% of patients and exophthalmos in 64%. Thyroid ultrasound performed in 20 patients showed vascular goiter in 80% and thyroid scintigraphy in 3 patients, homogeneous and diffuse hyperfixation. TRAK dosed in 8 patients was still positive. All patients had received first-line medical treatment. The average duration of this treatment was more than 18 months in 92%. The empirically used iodine-131 activity averaged 15.35 mCi. Oral corticosteroid therapy was prescribed in 7 patients for the prevention of malignant orbitopathy. No early side effects were noted. The remission rate at 3 months was 52% and at 6 months was 88% to 92%. Conclusion: The effectiveness of radioactive iodine, in particular ablative doses in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, is no longer to be demonstrated. Taking into account our socioeconomic context, iratherapy should be a treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism

关键词： Graves’ Disease Iratherapy Iodine-131 Senegal

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Influence of Topography on the Distribution and Structure of Woody Plants in the Senegalese Sahel (Sandy Ferlo)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 14-28页

作者： Moustapha Bassimbe Sagna Aïssatou Ndong Thiam Khoudia Niang oumar Sarr Aly Diallo Sekouna Diatta Daouda Ngom Aliou Guissé Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Tessekere Human Environment Observatory (Senegal) Dakar Senegal Department of Agronomy and Plant Production El Hadji Ibrahima Niasse University Kaolack Senegal Department of Agroforestry Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal

This study describes the floristic composition and structure of a woody stand in the Senegalese Sahel, paying particular attention to the edaphic factors of its floristic composition. A stratified inventory considering the different relief units was adopted. Woody vegetation was surveyed using a dendrometric approach. The results obtained show that the flora is dominated by a few species adapted to drought, such as Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del., Calotropis procera Ait. and Boscia senegalensis (Pers.). The distribution of this flora and the structure of the ligneous plants are linked to the topography. In the lowlands, the flora is more diversified and the ligneous plants reach their optimum level of development compared with the higher relief areas. In the lowlands, there are a few woody species which, in the past, were indicative of better climatic conditions. These are Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.), Commiphora africana (A. Rich.), Feretia apodanthera Del., Loeseneriella africana (A. Smith), Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) and Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich). It is important that their reintroduction into reforestation projects takes account of their edaphic preference.

关键词： Woody Plants Distribution Topography Ferlo Senegal

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Contribution of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DPD Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis in Black Africans

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2022年第1期12卷 27-37页

作者： Djigo Mamoudou Salif Ndong Boucar Bathily el hadji Amadou Lamine Diop Ousseynou Gueye Kalidou Thiaw Gora ndoye oumar Mbodj Mamadou Department de Medecine Nucleaire Hô pital General Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal Department de Medecine Nucleaire Hô pital Dalal JAMM Dakar Senegal

Cardiac amyloidosis presents a picture of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. It is largely underdiagnosed, especially in black Africans, and therefore falls under the category of heart disease classified as idiopathic. Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is mainly found in Caucasian subjects and the mutant variant of transthyretin (TTRm) in negroid subjects. Numerous studies have shown that ATTRm was found predominantly in black American and black British patients. In African countries the entity of idiopathic heart failure is quite important because of lack of diagnosis, ETT, MRI and immuno-histochemistry are expensive or not available. We can probably assume that the proportion of cardiac amyloidosis is quite important in black Africans. The question is if 99mTc-DPD really easy to perform, can probably help to investigate in the nuclear medicine department in Africa. No large-scale study has been able to demonstrate the prevalence or not of cardiac amyloidosis in black-African subjects and by extension reduce this nosological entity of idiopathic heart disease. The 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy using Perrugini’s visual sore allows localization and classification of amyloid damage. The mechanism of binding of 99mTc-DPD to amyloid fibril deposits is not well known, its binding to TTR-type (mutated or wild type) amyloidosis is greater than the AL variant. In the diagnostic algorithm, endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard but remains invasive, ETT with the strain allows a presumptive diagnosis and remains an operative examination dependent and is not reproducible. Cardiac MRI allows some localization of amyloid deposits but still remains less sensitive than scintigraphy. In addition, performing the whole-body MRI is very restrictive (time, antenna change and cost). The aim of this literature review was to show the superiority of 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy compared to other diagnostic modaliti

关键词： Amyloidosis TTRm AL 99mTc-DPD Bone Scintigraphy

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Comparative Study of the Effect of Shading Rate on the electrical Parameters of CIGS and CdTe/CdS Solar Modules

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2022年第4期12卷 39-45页

作者： el hadji Abdoulaye Niass oumar Absatou Niasse Nacire Mbengue Zakaria Makir Zouhair Sofiani Bassirou Ba Laboratory of the Semiconductors and Solar Energies (LASES) Physical Department Science Faculty University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Materials Energy and System Control (LMECS) Physical Department Science Faculty of Mohammadia University Hassan II of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco

In this paper, a comparative study of the maximum power on the shading rate on the maximum power of thin film PV modules. Thus two thin film PV modules of type Copper indium gallium selenide, CIGS, of 90W power and a CdTe (Cadmium telluride)/CdS (Cadmium sulfide) module, of maximum power 75 W. These modules, reference SN-CIGS90 and CX3 75 were tested under the conditions of the installation site to ensure their proper functioning and to determine the initial values of electrical parameters before shading. The results obtained are as follows: for the CIGS: Pm (80.717 W);Vco (23.06 V), Icc (3.5 A) and for the CdTe:Pm (54.914 W);Vco (35.52 V), Icc (1.546 A). After this characterization test, the modules are exposed to real operating conditions at the Center for Study and Research on the renewable energy (CERER), Cheikh Anta Diop University in Dakar. Four types of shading are performed on each module with the same mask: partial shading at 25%, 50%, 75% and complete shading at 100%. The comparison of the variation rates obtained on the experimental values of the 4 types of shading carried out on each module, shows that, the phenomenon of shading constitutes an environmental factor which influences negatively the maximum power of the thin film PV modules. But this reduction depends on the surface of the shaded module, the nature of the mask but also the technology used. Indeed, for a shading of 25% of the surface of the two modules, we note a reduction of 21.32% of power for the CIGS, against 40.53% for the CdTe/CdS, that is to say a difference which approaches 20%.

关键词： CIGS CdTe/CdS Shading Rate Maximum Power Mask

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