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Records of a Minor Historian： Lu Xun on Zhang Taiyan

Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2013年第3期7卷 367-395页

作者： eileen j. cheng Department of Asian Languages and Literatures Pomona College Claremont CA 91711USA

Lu Xun, nearing his death, wrote two essays commemorating Zhang Taiyan. Both are rather unconventional eulogies, which engage the style, themes, and conventions of traditional biographies. Keenly aware of the depictions of his teacher as a conservative Confucian scholar and a political reactionary, Lu Xun provides a counter image. By associating his teacher with prominent revolutionaries and framing his idiosyncratic behaviors and political choices in later life as the product of failed ambition, Lu Xun harks back to the figure of the ＂mad genius＂ lauded as exemplars in the classical literary tradition, an image that resonates as well with the gallery of ＂modem＂ misanthropes and madmen in his short stories. Cast within a lineage of awakened eccentrics often deemed insane in their own times, Zhang emerges in Lu Xun＇s essays as a revolutionary par excellence： an outspoken rebel who, after the founding of the Republic, remained a fearless critic of the establishment; an uncompromising radical at heart, who remained committed to the ideals of a true social transformation long since forgotten by those around him. In making the ＂worthiness＂ and relevance of Zhang Taiyan as a historical figure legible to modem readers through his engagement with traditional biographical conventions, Lu Xun also affirms the value of a traditional literati culture which continued to structure his worldview as a modem intellectual and writer. For his portrait of the ＂master of classical studies＂ as a radical revolutionary, however partial, was an attempt to ensure that Zhang＇s name would remain relevant to posterity, leaving open the possibility that his teacher＇s ＂precious records＂ might also be transmitted and still find knowing readers in later ages.

关键词： Lu Xtm Zhang Taiyan teacher-disciple relations revolutionary,eccentrics madness biography

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Leflunomide: A versatile additive for defect reduction, enhanced optoelectronic properties and environmental stability of perovskite films

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2628-2637页

作者： Dingyue Sun Ming Peng Taij.n Wang Longj. Yi Shizuo Zhang Feng Liu Gary j.cheng The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

The development of perovskite photoelectric devices with excellent performance is largely dependent on the defects in the perovskite films.To address this issue,a specific drug,leflunomide(LF,C_(12)H_(9)F_(3)N_(2)O_(2)),was incorporated into the perovskite to reduce defects and improve its photoelectric properties.It is believed that the C=O bond on LF molecule can interact with the uncoordinated Pb2+of the perovskite,thereby reducing non-radiative recombination.This novel approach of incorporating LF into perovskite films has the potential to revolutionize the development of high-performance perovskite photoelectric devices.The trifluoromethyl functional(–CF_(3))group on LF can form a protective layer on the surface of the perovskite film,shielding it from water erosion.Moreover,LF can be utilized to alter the nucleation position of perovskite,thus minimizing the number of defects and optimizing the film quality.Consequently,the LF-doped perovskite film displays low trap density and high photoelectric performance.The LF-doped perovskite film showed a trap density of 8.28×10^(11),which is notably lower than the 2.04×10^(12) of the perovskite film without LF.The responsivity and detectivity of the LF-doped perovskite photodetector were 0.771 A/W and 2.81×10^(11) j.nes,respectively,which are much higher than the 0.23 A/W and 1.06×10^(10) j.nes of the LF-undoped perovskite photodetector.Meanwhile,the LF-doped photodetector maintained an initial photocurrent of 86%after 30 days of storage in air,indicating drastically increased environmental stability.This strongly suggests that LF is an effective additive for perovskites utilized in optoelectronic devices with high performance.

关键词： leflunomide additive engineering defect passivation perovskite

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Revolutionizing plasmonic platform via magnetic field-assisted confined ultrafast laser deposition of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine nanoparticle arrays

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International j.urnal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 428-438页

作者： j.n Xu Lingfeng Wang Peilin Yang Haoqing j.ang Huai Zheng Licong An Xingtao Liu Gary j.cheng School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072People’s Republic of China

The remarkable capabilities of 2D plasmonic surfaces in controlling optical waves havegarnered significant attention.However,the challenge of large-scale manufacturing of uniform,well-aligned,and tunable plasmonic surfaces has hindered their industrialization.To address this,we present a groundbreaking tunable plasmonic platform design achieved throughmagnetic field(MF)assisted ultrafast laser direct deposition in air.Through precise control of metal nanoparticles(NPs),with cobalt(Co)serving as the model material,employing an MF,and fine-tuning ultrafast laser parameters,we have effectively converted coarse and non-uniform NPs into densely packed,uniform,and ultrafine NPs(~3 nm).This revolutionary advancement results in the creation of customizable plasmonic‘hot spots,’which play a pivotal role insurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)sensors.The profound impact of this designable plasmonic platform lies in its close association with plasmonic resonance and energyenhancement.When the plasmonic nanostructures resonate with incident light,they generate intense local electromagnetic fields,thus vastly increasing the Raman scattering signal.This enhancement leads to an outstanding 2–18 fold boost in SERS performance and unparalleled sensing sensitivity down to 10^(-10)M.Notably,the plasmonic platform also demonstratesrobustness,retaining its sensing capability even after undergoing 50 cycles of rinsing andre-loading of chemicals.Moreover,this work adheres to green manufacturing standards,making it an efficient and environmentally friendly method for customizing plasmonic‘hot spots’inSERS devices.Our study not only achieves the formation of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine NP arrays on a tunable plasmonic platform but also showcases the profound relation betweenplasmonic resonance and energy enhancement.The outstanding results observed in SERS sensors further emphasize the immense potential of this technology for energy-relatedapplications,including photocatalysis,photovoltaics,and clean water,propelling us closer

关键词： magnetic field manipulation laser deposition metasurface SERS

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Deflagration and detonation induced by shock wave focusing at different Mach numbers

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Chinese j.urnal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 249-258页

作者： Zezhong YANG j.n cheng Bo ZHANG School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Shock wave focusing is an effective way to create a hot spot or a high-pressure and hightemperature region at a certain place,showing its unique usage in detonation initiation,which is beneficial for the development of detonation-based engines.The flame propagation behavior after the autoignition induced by shock wave focusing is crucial to the formation and self-sustaining of the detonation wave.In this study,wedge reflectors with two different angles(60°and 90°)and a planar reflector are employed,and the Mach number of incident shock waves ranging from 2.0 to 2.8 is utilized to trigger different flame propagation modes.Dynamic pressure transducers and the high-speed schlieren imaging system are both employed to investigate the shock-shock collision and ignition procedure.The results reveal a total of four flame propagation modes:deflagration,DDT(Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition),unsteady detonation,and direct detonation.The detonation wave formed in the DDT and unsteady detonation mode is only approximately 75%-85%of the Chapman-j.uguet(C-j.speed;meanwhile,the directly induced detonation wave speed is close to the C-j.speed.Transverse waves,which are strong evidence for the existence of detonation waves,are discovered in experiments.The usage of wedge reflectors significantly reduces the initial pressure difference ratio needed for direct detonation ignition.We also provide a practical method for differentiating between detonation and deflagration modes,which involves contrasting the speed of the reflected shock wave with the speed of the theoretically nonreactive reflected shock wave.These findings should serve as a reference for the detonation initiation technique in advanced detonation propulsion engines.

关键词： Deflagration Detonation Hydrogen Ignition Shock wave focusing

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Emergent symmetry in quantum phase transition:From deconfined quantum critical point to gapless quantum spin liquid

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 190-196页

作者： Wen-Yuan Liu Shou-Shu Gong Wei-Qiang Chen Zheng-cheng Gu Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA School of Physical Sciences Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study Dongguan 523000China Department of Physics and Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics,raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase transitions.Here we unveil the behaviour of emergent symmetry involving two extraordinarily representative phenomena,i.e.,the deconfined quantum critical point(DQCP)and the quantum spin liquid(QSL)state.Via large-scale tensor network simulations,we study a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 square-lattice frustrated antiferromagnetic(AFM)model,namely the j.x-j.y-j. model,which contains anisotropic nearestneighbor couplings j.x,j.y and the next nearest neighbor coupling j..For small j.y/j.x,by tuning j.,a direct continuous transition between the AFM and valence bond solid phase is observed.With growing j.y/j.x,a gapless QSL phase gradually emerges between the AFM and VBS phases.We observe an emergent O(4)symmetry along the AFM–VBS transition line,which is consistent with the prediction of DQCP theory.Most surprisingly,we find that such an emergent O(4)symmetry holds for the whole QSL–VBS transition line as well.These findings reveal the intrinsic relationship between the QSL and DQCP from categorical symmetry point of view,and strongly constrain the quantum field theory description of the QSL phase.The phase diagram and critical exponents presented in this paper are of direct relevance to future experiments on frustrated magnets and cold atom systems.

关键词： Tensor network Quantum phase transition Emergent symmetry Quantum spin liquid Deconfined quantum critical point Anisotropic

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Factors affecting meibomian gland area loss in symptomatic adults

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1036-1041页

作者： Si-cheng Ding j.ng-j.ng Su Qing Zhan j.ao-Man Wang Fang Zheng Xu-Xuan Fang Dan cheng Ping Guo The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518000Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Hospital Jinan UniversityShenzhen Eye InstituteShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhou 121000Liaoning ProvinceChina

AIM:To characterize the distribution of meibomian gland(MG)area loss(MGL)and its relationship with demographic characteristics,mites,and symptoms.METHODS:This retrospective observational study included patients who visited the Dry Eye Clinic of Shenzhen Eye Hospital between j.ne 2020 and August 2021.General patient characteristics,ocular symptoms,Demodex test results of the eyelid edges,and the results of a comprehensive ocular surface analysis were collected.MGL was analyzed using Image j.software.RESULTS:This study enrolled 1204 outpatients aged 20-80(40.70±13.44)y,including 357 males(29.65%)and 847 females(70.35%).The patients were classified into mild(n=155;12.87%),moderate(n=795;66.03%),severe(n=206;17.11%),and extremely severe(n=48;3.99%)MGL groups.MGL was significantly larger in female than in male(P=0.006).The degree of MGL also significantly differed in age(P<0.001)and the more numbers of mites with severity(P<0.001).Multivariate disordered multinomial logistic regression analysis identified that female sex,older age,secretory symptoms,and a large number of mites were risk factors for MGL(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Patients with MGL are more likely to be older,female,more numbers of mites,and increased secretion.

关键词： meibomianglands aging sex symptomatology Demodex

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Classification of complete 3-dimensional self-shrinkers in the Euclidean space R^(4)

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第4期67卷 873-882页

作者： Qing-Ming cheng Zhi Li Guoxin Wei Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of ScienceFukuoka UniversityFukuoka 814-0180Japan College of Mathematics and Information Science Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China School of Mathematical Sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

In this paper,we completely classify 3-dimensional complete self-shrinkers with the constant norm S of the second fundamental form and the constant f3in the Euclidean space R^(4),where hij.s are components of the sec... 详细信息

关键词： mean curvature ow self-shrinker the generalized maximum principle

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A unique subseafloor microbiosphere in the Mariana Trench driven by episodic sedimentation

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 168-181页

作者： j.wen Liu Da-Wei Li Xinxin He Ronghua Liu Haoj.n cheng chenglong Su Mengna Chen Yonghong Wang Zhongsheng Zhao Hanyue Xu Zhangyu cheng Zicheng Wang Nikolai Pedentchouk David j.Lea-Smith j.nathan D.Todd Xiaoshou Liu Meixun Zhao Xiao-Hua Zhang Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education/College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ministry of Education/Research Vessel CentreOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK School of Biological Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Hadal trenches are characterized by enhanced and infrequent high-rate episodic sedimentation events that likely introduce not only labile organic carbon and key nutrients but also new microbes that significantly alter the subseafloor microbiosphere.Currently,the role of high-rate episodic sedimentation in controlling the composition of the hadal subseafloor microbiosphere is unknown.Here,analyses of carbon isotope composition in a~750 cm long sediment core from the Challenger Deep revealed noncontinuous deposition,with anomalous ^(14)C ages likely caused by seismically driven mass transport and the funneling effect of trench geomorphology.Microbial community composition and diverse enzyme activities in the upper~27 cm differed from those at lower depths,probably due to sudden sediment deposition and differences in redox condition and organic matter availability.At lower depths,microbial population numbers,and composition remained relatively constant,except at some discrete depths with altered enzyme activity and microbial phyla abundance,possibly due to additional sudden sedimentation events of different magnitude.Evidence is provided of a unique role for high-rate episodic sedimentation events in controlling the subsurface microbiosphere in Earth’s deepest ocean floor and highlight the need to perform thorough analysis over a large depth range to characterize hadal benthic populations.Such depositional processes are likely crucial in shaping deep-water geochemical environments and thereby the deep subseafloor biosphere.

关键词： Hadal subseafloor Deep water sediment Mariana Trench Radiocarbon Microbial community Redox potential

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis:Patterns and management

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1941-1948页

作者： j.ng Lin Zhong-Qiao Lin Shi-cheng Zheng Yu Chen Department of Medical Oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina Phase I Clinical Trial Ward Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various tumors.Immune-related adverse events(irAEs)are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI treatment.Gastrointestinal irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,which may lead to the cessation of ICIs.Although irAE gastritis is rarely reported,it may lead to serious complications such as gastrorrhagia.Furthermore,irAE gastritis is often difficult to identify early due to its diverse symptoms.Although steroid hormones and immunosuppressants are commonly used to reverse irAEs,the best regimen and dosage for irAE gastritis remains uncertain.In addition,the risk of recurrence of irAE gastritis after the reuse of ICIs should be considered.In this editorial,strategies such as early identification,pathological diagnosis,mana-gement interventions,and immunotherapy rechallenge are discussed to enable clinicians to better manage irAE gastritis and improve the prognosis of these patients.

关键词： Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immune-related adverse events Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastritis

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Energy Stable Nodal DG Methods for Maxwell’s Equations of Mixed-Order Form in Nonlinear Optical Media

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 30-63页

作者： Maohui Lyu Vrushali A.Bokil Yingda cheng Fengyan Li State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing(LSEC) Academy of Mathematics and System SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Department of Mathematics College of ScienceOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA Department of Mathematics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Computational Mathematics Science and EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematical Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY12180USA

In this work,we develop energy stable numerical methods to simulate electromagnetic waves propagating in optical media where the media responses include the linear Lorentz dispersion,the instantaneous nonlinear cubic Kerr response,and the nonlinear delayed Raman molecular vibrational response.Unlike the first-order PDE-ODE governing equations considered previously in Bokil et al.(j.Comput Phys 350:420–452,2017)and Lyu et al.(j.Sci Comput 89:1–42,2021),a model of mixed-order form is adopted here that consists of the first-order PDE part for Maxwell’s equations coupled with the second-order ODE part(i.e.,the auxiliary differential equations)modeling the linear and nonlinear dispersion in the material.The main contribution is a new numerical strategy to treat the Kerr and Raman nonlinearities to achieve provable energy stability property within a second-order temporal discretization.A nodal discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method is further applied in space for efficiently handling nonlinear terms at the algebraic level,while preserving the energy stability and achieving high-order accuracy.Indeed with d_(E)as the number of the components of the electric field,only a d_(E)×d_(E)nonlinear algebraic system needs to be solved at each interpolation node,and more importantly,all these small nonlinear systems are completely decoupled over one time step,rendering very high parallel efficiency.We evaluate the proposed schemes by comparing them with the methods in Bokil et al.(2017)and Lyu et al.(2021)(implemented in nodal form)regarding the accuracy,computational efficiency,and energy stability,by a parallel scalability study,and also through the simulations of the soliton-like wave propagation in one dimension,as well as the spatial-soliton propagation and two-beam interactions modeled by the two-dimensional transverse electric(TE)mode of the equations.

关键词： Maxwell’s equations Kerr and Raman Discontinuous Galerkin method Energy stability

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