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Decidual Natural Killer Cells Are Essential for a Successful Pregnancy (Review)

Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第3期10卷 73-90页

作者： ehab A. m. Elagab majed Alshahrani Amin A. A. Elbadawi Abdullah I. Aedh Ahmed m. Osman Hanadi m. Osman Department of Hematology and Immunohematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science University of Gezira Wadmedani Sudan Department of Pathology College of Medicine Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Internal medicine College of Medicine Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Emergency Najran University Hospital Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Family medicine Najran Armed Forces Hospital Najran Saudi Arabia

Pregnancy is a complex physiological process involving several interconnected systems. many researchers were concerned that the formation of a fetus with different genetic components may contradict the normal state of immunity, which attempts to reject and fight foreign bodies. This piqued the interest of biologists and immunologists, who set out to discover the immune system’s composition and mode of response in the uterus. According to several studies, natural killer (NK) cells are present in a significant percentage that differs from what is seen in peripheral blood. As a result, several scientific studies have been conducted on uterine NK cells, investigating their types, characteristics, receptors, secretions, and interactions with the surrounding environment. Research has also indicated the capacity of uterine NK cells to strike a balance between eradicating uterine infections and effectively contributing to different phases of pregnancy. Various studies have shown that NK cell activity is intimately related to the success or failure of pregnancy. In this review, we describe the uterine NK cell subtypes;decidual (dNK) cells and endometrial NK cells (eNK) cells and their important role during different phases of pregnancy.

关键词： Uterine NK Cells Decidual NK Cells Pregnancy

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Neoadjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery for intracerebral metastases of solid tumors(NepomUC):a phase I dose escalation trial

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 623-631页

作者： Christian D.Diehl ehab Shiban Christoph Straube Jens Gempt Jan J.Wilkens markus Oechsner Carmen Kessel Claus Zimmer Benedict Wiestler Bernhard meyer Stephanie E.Combs Department of Radiation Oncology Klinikum rechts der Isar HospitalTechnical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 2281675 MunichGermany Department of Radiation Sciences Institute of Innovative Radiotherapy85764 NeuherbergGermany Department of Neurosurgery Klinikum rechts der Isar HospitalTechnical University of Munich81675 MunichGermany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Klinikum rechts der Isar HospitalTechnical University of Munich81675 MunichGermany

Background:more than 25%of patients with solid cancers develop intracerebral *** of surgery,radia-tion therapy(RT)is a mainstay in the treatment of intracerebral *** fractionated stereotactic RT(FSRT)to the resection cavity of intracerebral metastases is a treatment of choice to reduce the risk of local ***,FSRT has to be delayed until a sufficient wound healing is attained;hence systemic therapy might be *** stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS)might offer advantages over adjuvant FSRT in terms of better target delineation and an earlier start of systemic ***,we conducted a study to find the maximum tolerated dose(mTD)of neoadjuvant SRS for intracerebral ***:This is a single-center,phase I dose escalation study on neoadjuvant SRS for intracerebral metastases that will be conducted at the Klinikum rechts der Isar Hospital,Technical University of *** rule-based traditional 3+3 design for this trial with 3 dose levels and 4 different cohorts depending on lesion size will be *** primary endpoint is the mTD for which no dose-limiting toxicities(DLT)*** adverse events of each participant will be evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE)version 5.0 continuously during the study until the first follow-up visit(4-6 weeks after surgery).Secondary endpoints include local control rate,survival,immunological tumor characteristics,quality of life(QoL),CTCAE grade of late clinical,neurological,and neurocognitive *** addition to the intracerebral metastasis which is treated with neoadjuvant SRS and resection up to four additional intracerebral metastases can be treated with definitive *** on the occurrence of DLT up to 72 patients will be *** recruitment phase will last for 24 ***:Neoadjuvant SRS for intracerebral metastases offers potential advantages over postoperative SRS to the resection

关键词： Cancer Intracerebral metastasis Stereotactic radiosurgery Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy microsurgical resection Neoadjuvant radiation therapy maximum tolerated dose Protocol

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Hepatic and gastrointestinal disturbances in Egyptian patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019: A multicentre cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第40期27卷 6951-6966页

作者： Hend Ibrahim Shousha Shimaa Afify Rabab maher Noha Asem Eman Fouad ehab F mostafa mohammed A medhat Amr Abdalazeem Hazem Elmorsy miriam m Aziz Rateba S mohammed mohamed Ibrahem Hassan Elgarem Dalia Omran mohamed Hassany Bassem Elsayed Ahmed Y Abdelaziz mohamed El Kassas Endemic medicine Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Gastroenterology Department National Hepatology&Tropical Medicine Research InstituteCairo 11563Egypt Hepatology Department Students HospitalCairo UniversityGiza 12566Egypt The Public Health Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Egyptian Ministry of Health and PopulationCairo 11567Egypt Department of Tropical medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 15655Egypt Endemic medicine Department Faculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 13544Egypt Internal medicine 15 Mayo Smart HospitalMinistry of Health and PopulationCairo 13488Egypt Pediatrics Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Occupational and Environmental medicine Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Clinical Biochemistry Department Faculty of medicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Endemic medicine Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Urology Department Cairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

BACKGROUND Various liver and gastrointestinal involvements occur in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)at variable *** studies report mild liver function disturbances correlated with COVID-19 severity,though liver failure is *** To study liver and gastrointestinal dysfunctions in Egyptian patients with COVID-19 and their relation to disease outcomes mETHODS This multicentre cohort study was conducted on 547 Egyptian patients from April 15,2020 to July 29,*** polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 cases were included from four quarantine hospitals affiliated to the Egyptian ministry of *** information,laboratory characteristics,treatments,fibrosis-4(FIB-4)index,COVID-19 severity,and outcomes were recorded and compared according to the degree of liver enzyme elevation and the presence of gastrointestinal ***-ups were conducted until discharge or *** analyses were performed to determine the independent factors affecting *** This study included 547 patients,of whom 53(9.68%)died during hospitalization and 1 was discharged upon his ***’mean age was 45.04±17.61 years,and 21.98%had severe or critical *** aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)were available for 430 and 428 patients,*** total,26%and 32%of patients had elevated ALT and AST,*** liver injury with ALT or AST elevation exceeding 3-fold was recorded in 21(4.91%)and 16(3.73%)patients,*** gender,smoking,hypertension,chronic hepatitis C,and lung involvement were associated with elevated AST or *** was elevated in 50%of patients over ***-4 was significantly higher in patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU),those with more severe COVID-19,and *** independent variables affecting outcome were supplementary vitamin C intake(1 g daily capsules)[odds ratio(OR):0.05,95%confidence interval(CI

关键词： COVID-19 Egypt Liver injury Gastrointestinal symptoms Fibrosis-4 Liver enzymes

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Deep Learning methods Used in Remote Sensing Images: A Review

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2023年第1期5卷 33-64页

作者： Ekram m.Rewhel Jianqiang Li Amal A.Hamed Hatem m.Keshk Amira S.mahmoud Sayed A.Sayed ehab Samir Hind H.Zeyada Sayed A.mohamed marwa S.moustafa Ayman H.Nasr Ashraf K.Helmy School of Software Engineering Beijing University of Science and TechnologyBeijing100083China Data Reception Analysis and Receiving Station DivisionNational Authority for Remote Sensing and Space ScienceCairo1564Egypt

Undeniably,Deep Learning(DL)has rapidly eroded traditional machine learning in Remote Sensing(RS)and geoscience domains with applications such as scene understanding,material identification,extreme weather detection,oil spill identification,among many *** machine learning algorithms are given less and less attention in the era of big ***,a substantial amount of work aimed at developing image classification approaches based on the DL model’s success in computer *** number of relevant articles has nearly doubled every year since *** in remote sensing technology,as well as the rapidly expanding volume of publicly available satellite imagery on a worldwide scale,have opened up the possibilities for a wide range of modern ***,there are some challenges related to the availability of annotated data,the complex nature of data,and model parameterization,which strongly impact *** this article,a comprehensive review of the literature encompassing a broad spectrum of pioneer work in remote sensing image classification is presented including network architectures(vintage Convolutional Neural Network,CNN;Fully Convolutional Networks,FCN;encoder-decoder,recurrent networks;attention models,and generative adversarial models).The characteristics,capabilities,and limitations of current DL models were examined,and potential research directions were discussed.

关键词： Deep Learning(DL) Satellite imaging Image classification Segmentation and object detection

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The Effect of Absorbed Dose to Organs at Risk Following Craniospinal Irradiation Using Different Radiotherapy Techniques

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International Journal of medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2020年第2期9卷 73-85页

作者： Hadeer A. Shahin ehab m. Attalla H. S. Abou-Elenien Hussein Elsayed Ibrahim Bashter marwa A. Suliman Physics Department Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Radiotherapy Department National Cancer Institute Cairo Egypt Radiotherapy Department Children’s Cancer Hospital Cairo Egypt Clinical Oncology & Nuclear medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

Introduction: In medulloblastoma patients craniospinal irradiation is an important element the treatment. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of absorbed dose to organs at risk using the hybrid intensity-modulated radiation therapy (ImRT) versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in average risk medulloblastoma patients. materials and methods: In this study, thirteen medulloblastoma patients were included. The prescribed total dose to the planning target volume (PTV) was 23, 40 Gy in 13 fractions. Two radiotherapy techniques, three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and hybrid intensity modulated radiotherapy (ImRT) were used to treat these patients. The coverage of the Target was evaluated using the D mean, D95%, D2%, D98% and V95%. Other parameters were also compared such as Integral dose (ID), Homogeneity index (HI) and doses to the organs at risk (OARs). Results: There was no significant difference in the mean dose received by the PTV-Brain or the dose received by 95% and 98% of PTV volume using the two techniques. For PTV-Spine, the percentage volume receiving 95% of the total dose increased significantly in the hybrid ImRT technique compared to the conformal technique. So, hybrid ImRT plan achieved the best coverage for PTV spine. Lower dose for OAR was delivered by 3DCRT, except the heart and thyroid, hybrid ImRT achieved better sparing. All plans resulted in the same dose homogeneity index (DHI) for PTV-Brain. For PTV-Spine, hybrid ImRT technique achieved better dose homogeneity compared to 3DCRT technique (1.09 vs. 1.12;p > 0.05). Conclusions: hybrid ImRT technique can be realized on conformal technique because it achieved better dose coverage for the (PTV) and organ at risk (OAR). 3DCRT reduced mean dose to most OARS, except the heart and thyroid. Therefore, the hybrid ImRT technique may be a CSI treatment alternative to 3DCRT.

关键词： Craniospinal Irradiation Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy medulloblastoma Organs at Risk Homogeneity Index

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Role of multidetector CT in Staging of Gastric Carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第7期10卷 565-579页

作者： Hisham mostafa Kamel Emam ehab mansour mohammed moussa mohammed Abouelmaged maha Ragab Ismail Ibrahim Radiodiagnosis Department Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt Surgical Oncology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut Egypt

Background: Radiology plays an essential role in the diagnosis, staging and surveillance of oncology patients. CT is the most sensitive imaging modality in the workup of these patients. Aim of the Study: The aim of this work is to detect the role of mDCT (multidetector computed tomography) in the preoperative investigation of gastric adenocarcinoma patients according to TNm staging. Patients and methods: This is a prospective study enrolling 20 patients who had histologically proven adenocarcinoma based upon an upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy for mDCT staging of gastric carcinoma during the period from June 2016 to June 2017. The mSCT data were correlated and compared with the histopathological results. The study was conducted in the Radiology Department of Assiut University Hospital using 64-mDCT (Toshiba Aquilion). Results: According to our study results, the sensitivity of determining T1 stage on CT scan can’t be detected as there was only 1 case pathologically proved T1 and overstaged as T2 by mSCT;however, accuracy and specificity are quite high, which was 95% and 100% respectively. For T2 stage tumors (25.0% of cases), accuracy is 95%, sensitivity—100%, and specificity—93.7%. According to our results the accuracy and sensitivity of T3 staging are 75% and 100%, while those of T4 stage were 75% and 44.4% respectively. Tumor was correctly staged in 14 of 20 patients (the valid T staging rate was 70.0%). Tumor was under-staged in 5 of 20 patients (25.0%) (staged as T3, but pathologically proven to be T4a). As regards N staging accuracy found results for N0 (62.5%), N2 (87.5%) and N3 (75%), while N1 accuracy recorded 37.5%. As regards the nodal staging sensitivity which had a range from (0% for N4) to (66% for N2) this wide range of sensitivity demonstrates the problem of CT in nodal staging. As regards sensitivity of m0, accuracy was 100% and 85% respectively. While that of m1 was (62.5%) and (85%) respectively. Conclusion: mSCT can be the first choice fo

关键词： multidetector CT Gastric Carcinoma

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Bortezomib-Induced Bilateral Eye Swelling and Cutaneous Adverse Reaction in a Patient with Plasma Cell Leukemia—A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical medicine 2023年第11期12卷 452-456页

作者： Azeezat Ariwoola ehab A. m. Elagab Tahira Fardous Saburi Oyewale Sara Parisi Heather Williams Amal m. Shediwah Islam A. mahmoud Ratesh Khillan School of Public Health Rutgers University New Brunswick USA Department of Pathology College of Medicine Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Brooklyn Cancer Care New York USA Department of Surgery University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Shiqaq Primary Health Center mOH Al Darb Saudi Arabia SUNY Downstate University Hospital New York USA

Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is an established therapy against plasma cell leukemia—a variant of plasma cell dyscrasias. Its most frequent side effects have been listed as peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic pain, thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal problems. Allergic skin reaction is a rarely documented side effect in patients receiving bortezomib-based chemotherapy. A combination therapy consisting of intravenous bortezomib, oral Revlimid tablets, and oral dexamethasone tablets has been prescribed for the patient after his recent diagnosis of plasma cell leukemia. While receiving his third treatment cycle, he developed an allergic reaction (skin rash) involving the neck, and wrists, and mild bilateral eye swelling. The infusion was stopped immediately and then ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution and oral diphenhydramine 25 mg were prescribed to the patient with significant improvement in his clinical condition. He was temporarily taken off bortezomib. At a follow-up visit a week later, a significant improvement was noticed in his condition. Rash had reduced on neck and wrists, and eye swelling had reduced as well. As of the time of writing this case report, he has been temporarily taken off bortezomib, but other medications in the treatment regimen were continued as prescribed.

关键词： Plasma Cell Leukemia Hematology Bortezomib Chemotherapy

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The impact of intensity modulated radiotherapy on the skin dose for deep seated tumors

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The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013年第4期12卷 194-198页

作者： H. S. Abou-Elenein ehab m. Attalla Hany Ammar Ismail Eldesoky mohamed Farouk Shaimaa Shoer Children's Cancer Hospital Cairo University National Cancer Institute Cairo University

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of intensity modulated radiotherapy (ImRT) on surface doses for brain, abdomen and pelvis deep located tumors treated with 6 mV photon and to evaluate the skin dose calculation accuracy of the XIO 4.04 treatment planning system. methods: more investigations for the influences of ImRT on skin doses would increase its applications for many treatment sites. measuring skin doses in real treatment situations would reduce the uncertainty of skin dose prediction. In this work a pediatric human phantom was covered by a layer of 1 mm bolus at three treatment sites and thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips were inserted into the bolus at each treatment site before CT scan. Two different treatment plans [three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) and ImRT] for each treatment sites were performed on XIO 4.04 treatment planning system using superposition algorism. Results: The results showed that the surface doses for 3DCRT were higher than the surface doses in ImRT by 1.6%, 2.5% and 3.2% for brain, abdomen and pelvis sites respectively. There was good agreement between measured and calculated surface doses, where the calculated surface dose was 15.5% for brain tumor calculated with 3DCRT whereas the measured surface dose was 12.1%. For abdomen site the calculated surface dose for ImRT treatment plan was 16.5% whereas the measured surface dose was 12.6%. Conclusion: The skin dose in ImRT for deep seated tumors is lower than that in 3DCRT which is another advantage for the ImRT. The TLD readings showed that the difference between the calculated and measured point dose is negligible. The superposition calculation algorism of the XIO 4.04 treatment planning system modeled the superficial dose well.

关键词： skin dose intensity modulated radiotherapy (ImRT) three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) dose calculation

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Strain Rate Effect on the Response of Blast Loaded Reinforced Concrete Slabs

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2014年第4期2卷 260-268页

作者： Kamel S. Kandil mouhamad T. Nemir ehab A. Ellobody Ramy I. Shahin Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Menoufiya University Shibin El Kom Egypt Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tanta University Tanta Egypt

Dynamic Increase Factor (DIF) due to strain rate effect was examined with documented experimental work done by Razaqpur, et al. In the experiment work, two 1000 × 1000 × 70 mm reinforced concrete slabs were constructed. The slabs were subjected to blast loads generated by the detonation of either 22.4 kg or 33.4 kg of ANFO located at a 3.0 m standoff. Blast wave characteristics, including incident and reflected pressures and reflected impulses were measured. The slabs were modeled by explicit analysis with or without strain rate effect to study their behavior under blast load to compare their predicted and observed behavior. The predicted post-blast damage and mode of failure for each model is compared with the observed damage of experimental work. It was concluded that when the dynamic increase factor added to concrete and reinforcement materials due to strain rate effect, the behavior of model under blast load become closer to experimental work.

关键词： Explicit Analysis Strain Rate Blast Load Ls-Dyna Scaled Distance

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Nutritional Status of mothers and Its Determinants in Alemtidad Area, Khartoum

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第22期5卷 2203-2208页

作者： Waled Amen mohammed Ahmed Eiman Abdalla Ahmed Khalid Ahmad Omar Arafa ehab Ibrahim Salih El-Amin Ziad m. Alostaz Khalid Eltahir Khalid Nursing Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Altaiseer medical Complex Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Applied medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Basic Sciences Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Applied medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia

Background: Nutritional status of mothers is considered one of the major problems facing mothers in the world. The nutrition plays a major role in mothers and child health. Objective: This study aims to assess mothers’ nutritional status and its determinants in Alemtidad area, Khartoum. methods: A descriptive community based survey was conducted in the Alemtidad area of Khartoum between November 2012 and December 2012. One hundred and eighty mothers were selected by simple randomization. Data were collected by using structured designed questionnaire which was then analyzed by (SPSS) program version 20. Results: The study conducted among mothers in Alemtidad area;their age ranged between 19 and 86 years with the mean age 38 ± 12 years. From those mothers about half were unemployed, and having mainly primary and secondary educational level. 81.1% of mothers were not able to select the proper food according to age and nutrients and about 71.1% of mothers took two meals per day and 23.3% one meals per day, and only 5.6 take three meals per day. The Body mass Index (BmI) was calculated to measure the nutrition status of mothers;this study shows that mothers in Alemtidad are mainly overweight and obese, 45.6% and 18% respectively and only 35% within normal range of Body mass Index (BmI). Conclusion: The study concludes that mothers are either overweight or obese (45.6%, 17.7% respectively). Compared to national and international statistics the findings of this study reflect high Body mass Index (BmI) of mothers in Alemtidad.

关键词： Nutritional Status Determinant of Nutritional Status Food Consumption mothers

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