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Demonstration of no catalytical activity of Fe-N-C and Nb-N-C electrocatalysts toward nitrogen reduction using in-line quantification

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SusMat 2022年第4期2卷 476-486页

作者： Arnar Sveinbjörnsson Anna Bergljót Gunnarsdóttir Erin B.Creel Camila Pía Canales Barr Zulevi Xiang Lyu Charl J.Jafta egill skúlason Alexey Serov Helga Dögg Flosadóttir Atmonia ehf. ReykjavíkIceland Faculty of Industrial Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of IcelandVR-IIIReykjavíkIceland Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Pajarito Powder LLC(PPC)AlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Science Institute University of IcelandVR-IIIReykjavíkIceland

Ammonia(NH3)production via the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is a promising method for sustainable generation of this important *** are ongoing in finding an efficient,stable,and selective catalyst that will enable the ***,progress is hindered in the field due to lack of reproducibility,most likely a consequence of reports of false-positive results due to improper measurement control and *** this study,we explore the NRR activity of a promising class of single atom catalysts,transition metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)*** a state-of-the-art in-line ammonia quantification methodology,with detection limit as low as 1 ppb for ammonia,we show that single atom Nb and Fe embedded in a stable carbon and nitrogen framework do not electrochemically reduce N_(2) to NH_(3).Critically,this demonstrates that our experimental setup with in-line sequential injection analysis successfully excludes ammonia contamination from the gas supply and atmospheric sources,allowing for thorough and high-throughput examination of potential NRR catalysts.

关键词： ammonia synthesis electrocatalysis nitrogen electroreduction NRR single atom catalyst

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Tectonic Control of the Reykjanes Geothermal Field in the Oblique Rift of SW Iceland:From Regional to Reservoir Scales

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Open Journal of Geology 2018年第3期8卷 333-382页

作者： Maryam Khodayar Sveinbjorn Bjornsson egill Arni Guonason Steintór Níelsson Guoni Axelsson Catherine Hickson Iceland GeoSurvey(ISOR) ReykjavíkIceland National Energy Authority of Iceland ReykjavíkIceland Tuya Terra Geo Corporation BurnabyCanada

This paper presents a multidisciplinary structural analysis of the Reykjanes Peninsula where Holocene deformation of a young oblique rift controls the geothermal processes in presence of a transform segment. The new structural map from aerial images and outcrops is correlated with selected surface and subsurface data and shows a complex pattern: NNE extensional rift structures, N-S dextral and ENE sinistral oblique-slip Riedel shears of the transform zone, and WNW and NW dextral oblique-slip faults. Shear fractures are more common, and along with the NNE fractures, they compartmentalise the crustal blocks at any scale. The fractures are within two ENE Riedel shear zones, indicating a minimum 7.5 km wide transform zone. The greatly deformed Southern Riedel Shear Zone is bounded to the north and the south by the 1972 and the 2013 earthquake swarms. This shear zone contains the geothermal field in a highly fractured block to the west of a major NW structure. Some of the deformations are: a) clockwise rotation of rift structures by the 1972 earthquake zone, inducing local compression;b) magma injection into extensional and oblique-slip shear fractures;c) reactivation of rift structures by transform zone earthquakes;d) tectonic control of reservoir boundaries by WNW and ENE shear fractures, and the distribution of surface alteration, fumaroles, CO2 flux, reservoir fluid flow and the overall shape of pressure drawdown by N-S, ENE, WNW/NW and NNE fractures. Results demonstrate the role of seismo-tectonic boundaries beyond which fault types and density change, with implications for permeability.

关键词： Oblique Rift Transform Zone Reykjanes Peninsula Tectonic Control of Geothermal Activity Fractured Reservoir

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