检索结果-南通市图书馆

Coverage and determinants of infant postnatal care in Nigeria: A population-based cross-sectional study

儿科学研究(英文) 2024年第1期08卷 27-36页

作者： egbewale bolaji emmanuel Oyedeji Olusola Bump Jesse Sudfeld Christopher Robert Department of Global Health and Population Takemi Program in International Health Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA Department of Community Medicine College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Pediatrics and Child Health College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Importance: In 2019, Nigeria had the largest number of under-5 child deaths globally and many of these deaths occurred within the first week of life. The World Health Organization recommends infant postnatal care (PNC) attendance to support newborn survival; however, utilization of PNC is known to be low in many ***: This study examined coverage and individual-level determinants of infant PNC attendance in ***: Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2018 data were used to evaluate infant PNC coverage and determinants. Infant PNC was defined as receipt of care within 2 days of birth. Children delivered up to 2 years before the 2018 NDHS were included. We examined predictors of infant PNC with modified Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs).Results: The national coverage of infant PNC was 37.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.8%–38.7%). Significant heterogeneity in PNC attendance existed at state and regional levels. Facility delivery was strongly associated with the uptake of PNC (RR: 6.07; 95% CI: 5.60–6.58). Greater maternal education, maternal employment, urban residence, female head of household, and greater wealth were also associated with an increased likelihood of PNC ***: The uptake of infant PNC is low and interventions are urgently needed to promote equity in access and increase demand for PNC in Nigeria.

关键词： Infant postnatal care Epidemiology Coverage Determinants Nigeria

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Statistical issues in randomised controlled trials: a narrative synthesis

引用

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 354-359页

作者： bolaji emmanuel egbewale Department of Community Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology

Randomised controlled trials(RCTs) are gold standard in the evaluation of treatment efficacy in medical investigations, only if well designed and implemented. Till date, distorted views and misapplications of statistical procedures involved in RCTs are still in practice. Hence, clarification of concepts and acceptable practices related to certain statistical issues involved in the design, conduct and reporting of randomised controlled trials is needed. This narrative synthesis aimed at providing succinct but clear information on the concepts and practices of selected statistical issues in RCTs to inform correct applications. The use of tests of significance is no longer acceptable as means to compare baseline similarity between treatment groups and in determining which covariate(s) should be included in the model for adjustment. Distribution of baseline attributes simply presented in tabular form is however, rather preferred. Regarding covariate selection, such approach that makes use of information on the degree of correlation between the covariate(s) and the outcome variable is more in tandem with statistical principle(s) than that based on tests of significance. Stratification and minimisation are not alternatives to covariate adjusted analysis; in fact they establish the need for one. Intention-totreat is the preferred approach for the evaluation of primary outcome measures and researchers have responsibility to report whether or not the procedure was followed. A major use of results from subgroup analysis is to generate hypothesis for future clinical trials. Since RCTs are gold standard in the comparison of medical interventions, researchers cannot afford the practices of distorted allocation or statistical procedures in this all important experimental design method.

关键词： Baseline comparability Covariate selection for adjustment Covariate adjustment Intention-to-treat analysis Subgroup analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Screening Outcomes of Hepatitis B and E among HIV Patients on HAART in Osogbo, South Western Nigeria

引用

World Journal of AIDS 2016年第4期6卷 205-217页

作者： bolaji E. egbewale Victor O. Mabayoje M. A. Muhibi A. F. Mustapha Calistus A. Akinleye Department of Community Health College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Osogbo Nigeria Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Osogbo Nigeria Department of Haematology LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo Nigeria Department of Medicine LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo Nigeria

Background: The lives of patients living with HIV/AIDs have improved in terms of longer life expectancy and quality. This has seen the emergence of complications of the disease and the drugs such as metabolic syndrome and re-emergence of tuberculosis. Co-infection with other viruses especially the hepatic viruses has also become a major source of concern. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of hepatitis B and E among this group of patients. Methods and Findings: Blood samples were collected from 156 consecutive HIV positive patients on HAART, informed consent having been obtained previously. The patients were screened both for hepatitis B and E using standard procedures. A questionnaire was administered to all participants. The results are illustrated with tables following analysis with SPSS version 10. It was found that 24.5% were positive for hepatitis E while 7.8% were positive for hepatitis B. It was also found that educational status was the only statistical significant variable for HEV co-infection. Taking the value of alanine transaminase to be 12 U/L as upper limit of normal, the mean value for HEV positive patients obtained was 13.8U/L while for those HBV positive was 10U/L. Conclusion: From the findings, more emphasis should be placed on improving education of the populace. More research should be carried out to determine what subtypes of the viruses are present and their effects on the hepatic system using preferably non-invasive techniques. Also the variability of hepatic enzymatic activity needs more analysis.

关键词： Aids Transmission Viral HAART Hepatic

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Validity and Reliability of Total Lymphocyte Count as Alternative Biomarker for CD4 Count in the Management of HIV Positive Patients on HAART in Osogbo, Nigeria

引用

World Journal of AIDS 2015年第4期5卷 313-321页

作者： B. E. egbewale O. A. Oyedeji V. O. Mabayoje M. A. Muhibi C. A. Akinleye A. A. Adejimi Department of Community Medicine College of Health Sciences Osogbo Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Health Sciences Osogbo Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion College of Health Sciences Osogbo Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Community Medicine LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo Osun State Nigeria

Introduction: To determine the possibility of utilizing total lymphocyte counts (TLC) instead of CD4 counts in the initiation and management of patients with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The commencement of HAART CD4 lymphocytes has been employed in the management HIV. However it has been found that determination of CD4 counts is expensive and somewhat laborious to perform in already overburdened healthcare systems especially in the developing countries. Methodology: Five hundred and three (503) consenting patients already on HAART (commenced at CD4 count < 350 cells/μl) who attended our HIV clinic between February 2014 and February 2015 were enrolled into the study. The patients had already been diagnosed as HIV positive. Kappa statistic was computed as a measure of reliability of TLC. Various cut-off marks for TLC in respect of the CD4 counts were determined in addition to the computation of both sensitivity and specificity. Receiver operating curves (ROC), showing area under the curve indicating agreement in classification, were plotted. Results: Majority of patients were female (73.8%). Most of the patients were in the age range of 25 - 34 years (37.2%). Males were found to be significantly older than females (P < 0.05). Area under the receiver operating curves (ROC) revealed that 4 out of 10 patients would be missed using total lymphocyte count (TLC) as the indicator for commencement of HAART. A low correlation coefficient and Kappa statistic r = 0.18, and K = 0.20 respectively, were observed between TLCs and CD4 counts. Conclusion: Total lymphocyte count is not a suitable alternative to CD4 counts in the management of HIV/AIDS.

关键词： HIV CD4 TLC HAART

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：