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IVlelatonin ameliorates the adverse effects of leptin on sperm

Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第6期19卷 647-654页

作者： Fayez A Almabhouh Khairul Osman Siti Fatimah ibrahim Sergey Gupalo Justin Gnanou effendi ibrahim Harbindar Jeet Singh Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sg Buloh Campus 47000 Sg Buloh Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Jalan Raja Muda Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health National Defence University of Malaysia Kem Sungai Besi 57000 Selangor Malaysia IMMB Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sg Buloh Campus 47000 Sg Buloh Selangor Malaysia PPerForM Universiti Teknologi MARA Sg Buloh Campus Selangor Malaysia.

This study examined the effects of melatonin on leptin-induced changes in sperm parameters in adult rats. Five groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either leptin or leptin and melatonin or melatonin for 6 weeks. Leptin was given daily via the intraperitoneal route （60 μg kg-1 body weight） and melatonin was given in drinking water （10 mg kg-1 or 20 mg kg-1 body weight per day）. Upon completion, sperm count, sperm morphology, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, Comet assay, TUNEL assay, gene expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes, respiratory chain reaction enzymes, DNA damage, and apoptosis genes were estimated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Sperm count was significantly lower whereas the fraction of sperm with abnormal morphology, the level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, and sperm DNA fragmentation were significantly higher in rats treated with leptin only. Micmarray analysis revealed significant upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor, histone acetyl transferase, respiratory chain reaction enzyme, cell necrosis and DNA repair genes, and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes in leptin-treated rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed significant decreases in glutathione peroxidase 1 expression with increases in the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor and histone acetyl transferase in leptin-treated rats. There was no change in the gene expression of caspase-3 （CASP-3）. In conclusion, the adverse effects of leptin on sperm can be prevented by concurrent melatonin administration.

关键词： 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine DNA fragmentation leptin melatonin sperm

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Residual Spray for the Control of <i>Aedes</i>Vectors in Dengue Outbreak Residential Areas

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Advances in Entomology 2019年第4期7卷 105-123页

作者： Nurulhusna Ab Hamid Siti Nurfadhlina Mohd Noor Mitra Saadatian-Elahi Nur Rasyidah Isa Rohaiyu Md Rodzay Balqis Md Ruslan Topek Omar Mohd Iqbal Mohd Norsham Noor Hasmiza Amanzuri Nurliyana Abd Khalil Izzah Farhah Zambari Muhammad Anwar Mohd Kassim Muhammad Khairi Kamarul Zaman Ainaa Mardia Bachtiar effendi Afiq Ahnaf Hafisool Lee Teck Peng Brian Poong Mustafakamal ibrahim Nurul Ashikin Roslan Lee Han Lim Medical Entomology Unit WHO Collaborating Centre for Vectors Institute for Medical Research Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Pôle Santé Recherche Risques et Vigilances Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot Unité d’Hygiène Epidémiologie et Prévention Lyon France Vector Borne Disease Sector Disease Control Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Putrajaya Malaysia Bayer Co. (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Petaling Jaya Malaysia Hulu Langat District Health Office Kajang Malaysia

The incidence of dengue in Malaysia has shown an increasing trend since the year 2000. Vector control is the primary approach for dengue control in Malaysia. There is an urgent need for new or modified approaches such as the residual spraying on the outer walls that can potentially last long enough to control the Aedes population, particularly in the outbreak-prone areas. In this field study, we conducted outdoor residual spraying (ORS) using a newly formulated polymer-enhanced suspension concentrate (SC-PE) of deltamethrin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of ORS using deltamethrin SC-PE and its effect on wild Aedes populations and to assess its residual bio-efficacy on painted cement walls against the pyrethroid-susceptible strains of laboratory-reared Aedes mosquitoes. Three rounds of spraying in a four-month cycle were conducted between 2014 and 2015 in four residential areas (low-rise and high-rise housing types) in Hulu Langat, Selangor. The bio-efficacy of the insecticide was evaluated by assessing its impact on vector population using ovitrap surveillance. Standard WHO wall deposit bioassay was adapted to determine bio-efficacy of deltamethrin, i.e. post 30 min knockdown and post 24 h mortality after exposure. During the treatment period, we observed significant reductions in the population of Ae. albopictus in the sprayed low-rise housing in both semi-indoor and outdoor environments, while in the high-rise housing, there was also a significant decline in Ae. aegypti population in the semi-indoor environment. The evaluation of the residual bio-efficacy of deltamethrin SC-PE against laboratory-reared Aedes mosquitoes showed that the insecticide lasted longer in the high-rise housing compared to the low-rise housing with >80% mortality achieved continuously for 16 weeks. We provide initial evidence on residual efficacy of deltamethrin SC-PE in reducing Aedes population size in the low-rise and high-rise housing. Our results showed tha

关键词： Indoor Residual Spraying Outdoor Residual Spraying Aedes Deltamethrin SC-PE Dengue Vector Control Ovitrap Index Malaysia

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