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Critical evaluation of contemporary management in a new Pelvic Exenteration Unit: The first 25 consecutive cases

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第5期9卷 218-227页

作者： Min Hoe Chew Yu-Ting Yeh ee-lin toh Stephen Aditya Sumarli Ghee Kheng Chew Lui Shiong Lee Mann Hong Tan Tiffany Priyanthi Hennedige Shin Yi Ng Say Kiat Lee Tze Tec Chong Hairil Rizal Abdullah Terence lin Hon Goh Mohamed Zulfikar Rasheed Kok Chai Tan Choong Leong Tang Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Singapore General Hospital Department of Urology Singapore General Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Singapore General Hospital Division of Oncological Imaging National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Anaesthesiology Singapore General Hospital Vascular Surgery Singapore General Hospital Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgerySingapore General Hospital

To critically appraise short-term outcomes in patients treated in a new Pelvic Exenteration (PE) Unit. METHODSThis retrospective observational study was conducted by analysing prospectively collected data for the first 25 patients (16 males, 9 females) who underwent PE for advanced pelvic tumours in our PE Unit between January 2012 and October 2016. Data evaluated included age, co-morbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status, preoperative adjuvant treatment, intra-operative blood loss, procedural duration, perioperative adverse event, lengths of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospital stay, and oncological outcome. Quantitative data were summarized as percentage or median and range, and statistically assessed by the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test, as applicable. RESULTSAll 25 patients received comprehensive preoperative assessment via our dedicated multidisciplinary team approach. Long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was provided, if indicated. The median age of the patients was 61.9-year-old. The median ASA and ECOG scores were 2 and 0, respectively. The indications for PE were locally invasive rectal adenocarcinoma (n = 13), advanced colonic adenocarcinoma (n = 5), recurrent cervical carcinoma (n = 3) and malignant sacral chordoma (n = 3). The procedures comprised 10 total PEs, 4 anterior PEs, 7 posterior PEs and 4 isolated lateral PEs. The median follow-up period was 17.6 mo. The median operative time was 11.5 h. The median volume of blood loss was 3306 mL, and the median volume of red cell transfusion was 1475 mL. The median lengths of ICU stay and of hospital stay were 1 d and 21 d, respectively. There was no case of mortality related to surgery. There were a total of 20 surgical morbidities, which occurred in 12 patients. The majority of the complications were grade 2 Clavien-Dindo. Only 2 patients experienced grade 3 Clavien-Dindo complications, and both required procedura

关键词： Colorectal cancer Advanced pelvic tumour Sacrectomy Oncological outcome Pelvic exenteration Chordoma

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Kochen-Specker Sets with a Mixture of 16 Rank-1 and 14 Rank-2 Projectors for a Three-Qubit System

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第10期30卷 13-16页

作者： S.P.toh Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

Kochen-Specker(KS)theorem denies the possibility for the noncontextual hidden variable theories to reproduce the predictions of quantum mechanics.A set of projection operators(projectors)and bases used to show the impossibility of noncontextual definite values assignment is named as the KS *** one KS set with a mixture of 16 rank-1 projectors and 14 rank-2 projectors was proposed in 1995[Kernaghan M and Peres A ***.A 198(1995)1]for a three-qubit system,there have been plenty of the same type KS sets and we propose a systematic way to produce *** also propose a probabilistic state-dependent proof of the KS theorem that mainly focuses on the values assignment for all the rank-2 projectors.

关键词： assignment theorem proof

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Proof of Kochen-Specker Theorem： Conversion of Product Rule to Sum Rule

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第7期26卷 29-31页

作者： S.P. toh Faculty of Applied Science Inti International University College Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai 71800 Nilai Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Laboratory of Computational Science and Informatics Institute for Mathematical Research Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Valuation functions of observables in quantum mechanics are often expected to obey two constraints called the sum rule and product rule. However, the Kochen-Specker （KS） theorem shows that for a Hilbert space of quantum mechanics of dimension d ≥ 3, these constraints contradict individually with the assumption of value definiteness. The two rules are not irrelated and Peres [Found. Phys. 26 （1996）807] has conceived a method of converting the product rule into a sum rule for the case of two qubits. Here we apply this method to a proof provided by Mermin based on the product rule for a three-qubit system involving nine operators. We provide the conversion of this proof to one based on sum rule involving ten operators.

关键词： Mathematical physics Computational physics Quantum information and quantum mechanics

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State-Independent Proof of Kochen–Specker Theorem with Thirty Rank-Two Projectors

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第10期30卷 17-20页

作者： S.P.toh Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

The Kochen–Specker theorem states that noncontextual hidden variable theories are incompatible with quantum *** provide a state-independent proof of the Kochen–Specker theorem using the smallest number of projectors... 详细信息

关键词： theorem proof smallest

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Biodegradable nanocarriers for small interfering ribonucleic acid （siRNA） co-delivery strategy increase the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine

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Nano Research 2017年第9期10卷 3049-3067页

作者： Chengbin Yang Kok Ken Chan Wen-Jen lin Alana Mauluidy Soehartono Guimiao lin Huiting toh Ho Sup Yoon Chih-Kuang Chen Ken-Tye Yong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Polymeric Biomaterials Lab Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan China Key Lab of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Division of Structural Biology & Biochemistry School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798Singapore Department of Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences Kyung Hee University Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446701 Republic of Korea

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference (RNAi) therapies are promising cancer treatment modalities that can specifically target abnormal proto-oncogenes, thus improving the therapeutic effect. For the treatment of pancreatic cancer, targeting one mutant proto-oncogene by RNAi usually does not yield the desired therapeutic efficiency. Both K-ras gene mutations and Notch1 overexpression are common symptoms in pancreatic cancer patients, and play a crucial role in pancreatic cancer cell drug resistance. In this study, biodegradable charged polyester-based vectors (BCPVs) were synthesized for the co-delivery of K-ras and Notch1 small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) into MiaPaCa-2 cells (pancreatic cancer cell line) to overcome drug resistance to gemcitabine (GEM), a first-line chemotherapeutic drug used in the clinic. BCPVs could effectively absorb negative siRNA to form a capsule-like structure, prevent siRNA from nuclease digestion in the serum, and promote effective siRNA cell internalization and endosomal escape. Through K-ras and Notch1 gene silencing in MiaPaCa-2 cells, BCPV-siRNAK-ras-siRNANotch1 nanocomplexes effectively reversed the epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MiaPaCa-2 cells, thereby greatly enhancing the sensitivity of MiaPaCa-2 cells to GEM. MiaPaCa-2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were effectively inhibited, and cell apoptosis was also significantly enhanced by the synergistic antitumor effect of BCPV-siRNAK-ras-siRNANotch1 nanocomplexes and GEM. These results suggest that this combination RNAi therapy can be used to improve cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Specifically, this newly developed strategy has a great potential for treating pancreatic cancer.

关键词： pancreatic cancer small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) biodegradable charged polyester-based vector (BCPV) gemcitabine (GEM) epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT)

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Endovascular treatment of diabetic foot ischemic ulcer–Technical review

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 17-26页

作者： Yew toh Wong Flinders Medical Centre Bedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia

This article is a technical review of the common techniques used in the treatment of lower-limb occlusive arterial disease associated with *** techniques described here reflect the author’s own practice and are methods that the author finds helpful in avoiding complications and in making the technical aspects of the procedures easier.

关键词： Diabetes Foot ulcer Ischemia Endovascular treatment Angioplasty Stenting Retrograde access Subintimal Intraluminal Pedal arch Perfusion

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Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 140-147页

作者： Charmaine Jan Li toh Chang Liu Isabelle Xin Yu Lee Molly Tzu Yu lin Louis Tong Yu-Chi Liu Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or *** formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves,such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surge ***,denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers,and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas *** recent years,analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy,a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution,has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface *** neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes,and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases,such as neuropathic corneal pain,dry eye disease,diabetic corneal neuropathy,neurotrophic keratopathy,Sjogren's syndrome,bullous keratopathy,post-refra ctive surgery,and *** this review,we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas,as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis,visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy,and utility in monitoring treatment *** current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification,which is user-dependent and labor-intensive,future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner,allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more *** imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases.

关键词： cornea corneal diseases corneal nerve corneal neuropathy in vivo confocal microscopy microneuroma neuroma ocular surface diseases

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Extraction of intersecting palm-vein and palmprint features for cancellable identity verification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 69-86页

作者： Jaekwon Lee Beom-Seok Oh Kar-Ann toh School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea

A novel method based on the cross-modality intersecting features of the palm-vein and the palmprint is proposed for identity *** on the unique geometrical relationship between the two biometric modalities,the cross-modality intersecting points provides a stable set of features for identity *** facilitate flexibility in template changes,a template transformation is *** maintaining non-invertibility,the template transformation allows transformation sizes beyond that offered by the con-ventional *** experiments using three public palm databases are conducted to verify the effectiveness the proposed system for identity recognition.

关键词： biometrics hand vein recognition hand-based biometrics multi-biometrics palmprint recognition

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Investigation of spoilage in salmon by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and time-domain terahertz spectroscopy

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ChemPhysMater 2022年第2期1卷 148-154页

作者： Nan Zhang Sheng Jie Lim Jia Min toh Yue Fan Wei Rusli lin Ke Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research138634Singapore School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore School of Electrical&Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Advanced Remanufacturing and Technology Centre Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research637143Singapore

In this study,Spoilage of salmon was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and ter-ahertz time-domain spectroscopy(TDS).Salmon tissues were continuously observed for more than 20 h,from fresh to full *** complex impedance(Z)and phase shift(θ)of the salmon samples were derived based on the EIS *** frequency changes,phase shifts,and impedance variations with time at different fre-quencies were extracted from the data and used as indicators of the freshness of *** the THz TDS analysis,time-domain spectra were recorded in transmission and reflection *** stages of fish spoilage were clearly observed in both the EIS and THz TDS *** EIS is more sensitive under the current experimental conditions,THz TDS in reflection mode provides a non-invasive and non-destructive way to monitor salmon spoilage,which is practically beneficial for the food quality control industry.

关键词： Fish spoilage Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Time-domain terahertz spectroscopy Non-destructive detection Food quality control

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Randomly Generating Four Mixed Bell-Diagonal States with a Concurrences Sum to Unity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第1期29卷 24-27页

作者： S.P.toh Hishamuddin Zainuddin Kim Eng Foo Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Laboratory of Computational Sciences and Mathematical Physics Institute for Mathematical ResearchUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Health and Life Sciences INTI International UniversityPersiaran Perdana BBNPutra Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia

A two-qubit system in quantum information theory is the simplest bipartite quantum system and its concurrence for pure and mixed states is well *** a subset of two-qubit systems,Bell-diagonal states can be depicted by a very simple geometrical representation of a tetrahedron with sides of length 2√*** on this geometric representation,we propose a simple approach to randomly generate four mixed Bell decomposable states in which the sum of their concurrence is equal to one.

关键词： quantum concurrence representation

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