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An Evaluation of the Management Effectiveness of a Stock Re-Building Strategy for a Multi-Species Demersal Trap Fishery in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2011年第3期1卷 82-97页

作者： edwin mark grandcourt Thabit Zahran Al Abdessalaam Stanley Alexander Hartmann Franklin Francis Ahmed Tarish Al Shamsi 不详

The off-shore demersal trap fishery in the southern Arabian Gulf has been managed by gear regulations and effort constraints which were aimed at rebuilding depleted stocks. In order to evaluate the success of these regulations, a variety of selectivity and other fishery metrics were compared for the key species (Diagramma pictum, Epinephelus coioides and Lethrinus nebulosus) before and after their introduction. With the exception of a minor increase in the mean age at first capture from 1.3 yrs to 1.9 yrs for E. coioides, there were no significant changes in the values or trends in juvenile retention, mean size or the mean sizes and ages at first capture. The comparison of selectivity ogives with data derived independently through an experimental fishing program indicated that the failure of juvenile escape panels to modify the selectivity characteristics of the fishery could not be attributed to a lack of compliance. Furthermore, there were no significant changes in fishing mortality rates, harvest rates, catch, effort, yield per recruit and relative spawner biomass per recruit following the introduction of the management regulations. Age structures were highly truncated and the management measures had failed to increase the relative proportion of older age classes. Stock status indicators suggested that all species were heavily over-exploited with evidence of both growth and recruitment over-fishing. Given the failure of existing regulations to modify gear selectivity, reduce effort and rebuild stocks, the results of the study suggest that management authorities should consider alternative measures including a moratorium on the use of traps in the off-shore demersal fishery of Abu Dhabi.

关键词： Demography Stock Assessment Per Recruit Population Dynamics Tropical Fisheries Management

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An Evaluation of the Selectivity Characteristics of Different Juvenile Fish Escape Panel Designs for the Demersal Trap Fishery of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2011年第3期1卷 98-107页

作者： edwin mark grandcourt Thabit Zahran Al Abdessalaam Stanley Alexander Hartmann Ahmed Tarish Al Shamsi Franklin Francis 不详

The selectivity characteristics of 4 juvenile fish escape panel designs and their utility for the regulation of a multi-species demersal trap fishery were evaluated using a suite of objective socio-economic and biological criteria. The panel designs consisted of a control (type A) which had a hexagonal mesh size which was the same as that of the body of the trap (3.5 cm), a rectangular mesh (type B) which was representative of the current regulation (5.0 x 7.6 cm) and 2 escape panels with square meshes of 7.5 x 7.5 cm (type C) and 10.0 x 10.0 cm (type D). The results demonstrated that there was only a limited reduction in the proportion of juvenile fish and by-catch retained for the existing juvenile escape panel design (type B). Furthermore, as the selectivity characteristics for the key species (Epinephelus coioides and Diagramma pictum) were similar to the control type, the predicted increases in yields, revenues and spawning stock biomass were small by comparison. The escape panel with the largest mesh size (type D) retained the least un-utilized and discarded by-catch. Whilst simulations predicted the highest spawner biomass per recruit, long term yields and revenues for the key species, its use was associated with a dramatic short-term decline in revenues which were 23.3% of the value of the control type. Traps fitted with the type C which had a square mesh of 7.5 x 7.5 cm had the lowest juvenile retention and the highest overall score for all the assessment criteria combined. The study provides an empirical basis for gear regulations for the demersal trap fishery of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the wider Arabian Gulf region.

关键词： Trap Fisheries Selectivity Escape Panel By-Catch Multi-Species Fisheries

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Network Analysis Reveals A Signaling RegulatoryLoop in PIK3CA-mutated Breast Cancer Predicting Survival Outcome

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第2期15卷 121-129页

作者： Shauna R. McGee Chabane Tibiche mark Trifiro edwin Wang National Research Council Canada Montreal QC H4P 2R2 Canada Department of Experimental Medicine McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2B2 Canada Center for Bioinformatics McGill University Montreal QC H3G OB1 Canada Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Jewish General Hospital Montreal QC H3T 1E2 Canada Center for Health Genomics and Informatics Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology/Medical Genetics/Oncology University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada O'Brien Institute for Public Health Calgary AB T2N 4N1 Canada

Mutated genes are rarely common even in the same pathological type between cancer patients and as such, it has been very challenging to interpret genome sequencing data and difficult to predict clinical outcomes. PIK3 CA is one of a few genes whose mutations are relatively popular in tumors. For example, more than 46.6% of luminal-A breast cancer samples have PIK3 CA mutated, whereas only 35.5% of all breast cancer samples contain PIK3 CA mutations. To understand the function of PIK3 CA mutations in luminal A breast cancer, we applied our recentlyproposed Cancer Hallmark Network Framework to investigate the network motifs in the PIK3CA-mutated luminal A tumors. We found that more than 70% of the PIK3CA-mutated luminal A tumors contain a positive regulatory loop where a master regulator(PDGF-D), a second regulator(FLT1) and an output node(SHC1) work together. Importantly, we found the luminal A breast cancer patients harboring the PIK3 CA mutation and this positive regulatory loop in their tumors have significantly longer survival than those harboring PIK3 CA mutation only in their tumors. These findings suggest that the underlying molecular mechanism of PIK3 CA mutations in luminal A patients can participate in a positive regulatory loop, and furthermore the positive regulatory loop(PDGF-D/FLT1/SHC1) has a predictive power for the survival of the PIK3 CAmutated luminal A patients.

关键词： Network analysis PIK3CA mutation Network motif Breast cancer Genome sequencing Survival

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BVRI photometric observations,light curve solutions and orbital period analysis of BF Pav

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第8期21卷 193-202页

作者： Atila Poro Fahri Alicavus Eduardo Fernández-Lajús Fatemeh Davoudi PegahSadat MirshafieKhozani mark G.Blackford edwin Budding Behjat Zarei Jalalabadi Jabar Rahimi Farzaneh Ahangarani Farahani The International Occultation Timing Association Middle East section Iran Astronomy Department of the Raderon Lab BurnabyBCCanada Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Arts and SciencesDepartment of Physics17020CanakkaleTurkey Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Astrophysics Research Center and Ulupnar Observatory17020CanakkaleTurkey Instituto de Astrofisica de La Plata(CCT La Plata-CONICET-UNLP) La PlataArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas y Geofisicas Universidad Nacional de La PlataPaseo del BosqueB1900FWALa PlataArgentina Variable Stars South(VSS) Congarinni ObservatoryCongarinniNSW2447Australia Carter Observatory 40 Salamanca RdKelburnWellington 6012New Zealand

A new ephemeris,period change analysis and light curve modeling of the W UMa-type eclipsing binary BF Pav are presented in this *** curves of the system taken in BVRI filters from two observatories,in Australia and Argentina,were modeled using the Wilson-Devinney *** results of this analysis demonstrate that BF Pav is a contact binary system with a photometric mass ratio q=1.460 ± 0.014,a fillout factor f=12.5%,an inclination of 87.97 ± 0.45 deg and a cold spot on the secondary *** applying the distance modulus formula,the distance of BF Pav was calculated to be d=268 ± 18 pc which is in good agreement with the Gaia EDR3 *** obtain an orbital period increase at a rate of 0.142 s century-1 due to a quadratic trend in the O-C ***,an alternative sudden period jump probably occurred which could be interpreted as a rapid mass transfer from the lower mass star to its companion of about ΔM=2.45 × 10-6 M⊙.Furthermore,there is an oscillatory behavior with a period of 18.3±0.3 *** BF Pav does not seem to have significant magnetic activity,this behavior could be interpreted as the light-time effect caused by an undetected third body in this *** this case,the probability for the third body to be a low mass star with M≥ 0.075 M⊙or a brown dwarf is 5.4% and 94.6% *** we assume i’=90°,a3=8.04±0.33 *** mass of the secondary component was also determined following two different methods which result close to each other.

关键词： techniques:photometric binaries:eclipsing stars:individual(BF Pav)

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Inhibition of BACE1, the β-secretase implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, by a chondroitin sulfate extract from Sardina pilchardus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1546-1553页

作者： Courtney J.Mycroft-West Anthony J.Devlin Lynsay C.Cooper Patricia Procter Gavin J.Miller David G.Fernig Marco Guerrini Scott E.Guimond Marcelo A.Lima edwin A.Yates mark Andrew Skidmore Molecular&Structural Biosciences School of Life SciencesKeele UniversityHuxley BuildingKeeleStaffordshireST55BGUK Lennard-Jones Laboratory School of Chemical and Physical SciencesKeele UniversityKeeleStaffordshireST55BGUK Department of Biochemistry Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL697ZBUK Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G.Ronzoni Via G.Colombo 8120133 MilanItaly School of Medicine KeeleStaffordshireST55BGUK

The pharmaceutical and anticoagulant agent heparin,a member of the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates,has previously been identified as a potent inhibitor of a key Alzheimer’s disease drug target,the primary neuronalβ-secretase,β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1).The anticoagulant activity of heparin has,however,precluded the repurposing of this widely used pharmaceutical as an Alzheimer’s disease ***,a glycosaminoglycan extract,composed predominantly of 4-sulfated chondroitin sulfate,has been isolated from Sardina pilchardus,which possess the ability to inhibit BACE1(IC50[half maximal inhibitory concentration]=4.8μg/mL),while displaying highly attenuated anticoagulant activities(activated partial thromboplastin time EC50[median effective concentration]=403.8μg/mL,prothrombin time EC50=1.3 mg/mL).The marine-derived,chondroitin sulfate extract destabilizes BACE1,determined via differential scanning fluorimetry(ΔTm–5°C),to a similar extent as heparin,suggesting that BACE1 inhibition by glycosaminoglycans may occur through a common mode of action,which may assist in the screening of glycan-based BACE1 inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： amyloid-β aspartyl protease carbohydrates galactosaminoglycans heparan sulfate heparin marine polysaccharide pilchards sardines therapeutics

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Brazil: A Leadership Role in Pushing for a Multipolar International Monetary System?——Exploring the Possible Prescriptions to the complaint from the cases of Brazil

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China's Foreign Trade 2012年第3期 66-67页

作者： edwin Way political science at Indiana University

Brazil is set to propose an 'exchange rate anti-dumping' measure to the World Trade Organization that would allow countries to retaliate against trading partners that undertake competitive devaluations of their curren... 详细信息

关键词：货币巴西国际投诉处方世界贸易组织贸易伙伴交换率

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Magnetic resonance angiography for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: A review from the international workshop for pulmonary functional imaging

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World Journal of Radiology 2018年第6期10卷 52-64页

作者： Nanae Tsuchiya edwin JR van Beek Yoshiharu Ohno Hiroto Hatabu Hans-Ulrich Kauczor Andrew Swift Jens Vogel-Claussen Jürgen Biederer James Wild mark O Wielpütz mark L Schiebler Department of Radiology Graduate School of Medical Science University of the Ryukyus Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin-Madison Edinburgh Imaging Queen’s Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research Department of Radiology Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Radiology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital of Heidelberg Department of Radiology Royal Hallamshire Hospital University of Sheffield Department of Radiology Carl-Neuberg Strasse 1 Radiology Darmstadt Gross-Gerau County Hospital Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield

Pulmonary contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) is useful for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Many sites have chosen not to use CE-MRA as a first line of diagnostic tool for PE because of the speed and higher efficacy of computerized tomographic angiography(CTA). In this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of CEMRA and the appropriate imaging scenarios for the primary diagnosis of PE derived from our unique multiinstitutional experience in this area. The optimal patient for this test has a low to intermediate suspicion for PE based on clinical decision rules. Patients in extremis are not candidates for this test. Younger women(< 35 years of age) and patients with iodinated contrast allergies are best served by using this modality We discuss the history of the use of this test, recent technical innovations, artifacts, direct and indirect findings for PE, ancillary findings, and the effectiveness(patient outcomes) of CE-MRA for the exclusion of PE. Current outcomes data shows that CE-MRA and NM V/Q scans are effective alternative tests to CTA for the primary diagnosis of PE.

关键词： Female Lung Neoplasms Hypersensitivity Pulmonary embolism Magnetic resonance angiography Radiation induced Outcome assessment(health care) Artifacts Computerized tomography angiography

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该呼吸困难急救患者是否存在充血性心力衰竭？

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2006年第5期25卷 290-301页

作者： Charlie S. Wang J. mark FitzGerald Michael SchulzerD edwin Mak Najib T. Ayas 徐亚妹（译）黄冰清（译）彭娟（译）褚骏仁（校） Department of Medicine and Division of Respiratory Medicine Vancouver Hospitar and Hearth Science Centre University of British Columbia Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and Pacific Parkinson Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia. 不详

背景：呼吸困难是急诊患者常见的主诉，急诊医生必须快速、准确地做出诊断。目的：评估急诊患者病史、症状、体征及常规的诊断性检查（胸部X线片、心电图、B型利尿肽[B—type natriuretic peptide，BNP]）在鉴别诊断心力衰竭及其他引起... 详细信息

背景：呼吸困难是急诊患者常见的主诉，急诊医生必须快速、准确地做出诊断。目的：评估急诊患者病史、症状、体征及常规的诊断性检查（胸部X线片、心电图、B型利尿肽[B—type natriuretic peptide，BNP]）在鉴别诊断心力衰竭及其他引起呼吸困难的原因中的作用。资料来源：检索MEDLINE数据库（1966年至2905年7月）及相关文章的参考文献、既往发表的综述以及有关体格检查的教科书。研究选取：最终获得22项研究，这些研究对因呼吸困难而到急诊室就诊的成年患者进行了观察，了解其心力衰竭的诊断情况，研究结果各异。数据提取：由本文的两名作者分别提取数据（敏感性、特异性及似然比[1ikelihood ratio，LRs]）并对研究的方法学质量进行评估。数据汇总：许多临床特点可增加心力衰竭的可能性，其中最突出的特点是：（1）具有心力衰竭既往史（阳性LR=5．8；95％可信期间[confidence interval，CI]，4．1．8．0）；（2）夜间出现阵发性呼吸困难（阳性LR=2．6；95％CI，1．5-4．5）；（3）听诊闻及第三心音（S3）奔马率（阳性LR=11；95％CI，4．9-25．0）；（4）胸部X线片示肺静脉淤血（阳性LR=12．0；95％CI，6．8-21．0）；（5）心电图示心房纤颤（阳性LR=3．8；95％CI，1．7—8．8）。也有一些临床特点可大大降低心力衰竭的可能性，包括：（1）无心力衰竭既往史（阴性LR=0．45；95％CI，0．38-0．53）；（2）活动时不出现呼吸困难症状（阴性LR=0．48；95％CI，0．35-0．67）；（3）肺部未闻及哕音（阴性LR=0．51；95％CI，0．37—0．70）；（4）胸部X线片未见心脏扩大（阴性LR=0．33；95％CI，0．23-0．48）；（5）心电图未见任何异常表现（阴性LR=0．64；95％CI，0．47-0．88）。经证实，血清BNP水平低下是最有价值的检查结果（血清BNP〈100pg／mL；阴性LR=0．11；95％CI，0．07-0．16）。结论：在收治呼吸困难的急诊患者时应直接询问其病史，进行体格检查，嘱做胸部X线片及心电图检查。如果对心力衰竭存有疑义，可化验血清BNP水平，这对排除心力衰竭极有帮助。

关键词：充血性心力衰竭阵发性呼吸困难胸部X线片诊断性检查 peptide MEDLINE 急救急诊患者

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围术期收缩压变异性是否可预测心脏手术后死亡率：ECLIPSE研究的探索性分析

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麻醉与镇痛 2013年第2期9卷 34-45页

作者： Solomon Aronson Cornelius M. Dyke Jerrold H. Levy Albert T. Cheung Philip D. Lumb edwin G. Avery Ming-yi Hut mark F. Newman 潘鹏(译) 李文志(校) Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Cardinat South East Texas Cardio-vascular Surgery Associates Houston Texas Department ofAnesthesiology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgi~ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania Department of Anesthesiology Keck School of Medicine Los Angeles California Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine University Hospitals Case Medical Center ClevelandOhio and The Medicines Company Parsippany New Jersey 不详

背景目前，有关围术期血压稳定性-9手术预后关系的研究很少，本研究旨在验证心脏手术患者中收缩压（systolic blood pressure，SBP）变异性与术后30天死亡率具有相关性这一假设。方法本研究从ECLIPSE试验中随机选取1512例围术期高血压... 详细信息

背景目前，有关围术期血压稳定性-9手术预后关系的研究很少，本研究旨在验证心脏手术患者中收缩压（systolic blood pressure，SBP）变异性与术后30天死亡率具有相关性这一假设。方法本研究从ECLIPSE试验中随机选取1512例围术期高血压患者，分析其SBP变异性。通过超出既定SBP可变范围的偏差×持续时间（曲线下面积）衡量SBP变异性。手术中既定的SBP可变范围为65—135mmHg，手术前和手术后为75—145mmHg，按10mmHg递增提高SBP低限，将既定的SBP可变汜44-围逐步缩窄到手术中105-135mmHg及手术前手术后115—145mmHg。应用多元逻辑回归分析评价收缩压变异性与从ECLIPSE试验结果中得到手术后30天死亡率的关系。结果超过既定范围的SBP变异性（手术中75—135mmHg及手术前手术后85。145mmHg）与手术后30天的死亡率显著相关。每增加60mmHg·min^-1·h^-1的收缩压偏差，手术后30天死亡风险的比值比为1．16（95％可信区间1．04—1．30）。当曲线下的面积从0增加到300mmHg·min^-1·h^-1对于低危组患者，30天死亡率的预测概率从0．2％增加到0．5％，而高危患者从42．4％增加到60．7％。结论心脏手术患者围术期血压变异性与30天死亡率相关，并与超出既定的SBP可变范围（手术中75—135mlnng及手术前手术后85—145mmHg）的偏差程度成正比。与低危组患者相比，高危组患者死亡率的预测值更高。

关键词：收缩压变异性术后死亡率心脏手术预测概率围术期高血压患者曲线下面积逻辑回归分析

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