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On <i>M</i>-Asymmetric Semi-Open Sets and Semicontinuous Multifunctions in Bitopological Spaces

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第4期11卷 218-236页

作者： Levy K. Matindih edwin moyo Department of Science & Mathematics School of Science Engineering and Technology Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notions of m-asymmetric semiopen sets and M-asymmetric semicontinuous multifunctions defined between asymmetric sets satisfying certain minimal conditions in the framework of bitopological spaces. Some new characterizations of m-asymmetric semiopen sets and M-asymmetric semicontinuous multifunctions will be investigated and several fundamental properties will be obtained.

关键词： m-Spaces m-Semiasymmetric Open and Closed Sets Upper and Lower M-Asymmetric Semicontinuous Multifunction

Some Classes of Bounded Sets in Quasi-Metric Spaces

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2022年第12期12卷 701-714页

作者： Danny Mukonda Levy Kahyata Matindih edwin moyo School of Science and Technology Rusangu University Monze Monze Zambia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia

This note deals with some classes of bounded subsets in a quasi-metric space. We study and compare the bounded sets, totally-bounded sets and the Bourbaki-bounded sets on quasi metric spaces. For example, we show that in a quasi-metric space, a set may be bounded but not totally bounded. In addition, we investigate their bornologies as well as their relationships with each other. For example, given a compatible quasi-metric, we intend to give some necessary and sufficient conditions for which a quasi metric bornology coincides with the bornology of totally bounded sets, the bornology of bourbaki bounded sets and bornology of bourbaki bounded subsets.

关键词： Quasi-Metric-Boundedness Totally Boundedness Bourbaki Boundedness Bornology

Modeling Consumer Price Index in Zambia: A Comparative Study between Multicointegration and Arima Approach

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Open Journal of Statistics 2019年第2期9卷 245-257页

作者： Stanley Jere Alick Banda Rodgers Chilyabanyama edwin moyo Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Northrise University Ndola Zambia

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important indicator used to determine inflation. The main objective of this research was to compare the forecasting ability of two time-series models using Zambia Monthly Consumer Price Index. We used monthly CPI data which were collected from January 2003 to December 2017. The models that were compared are the Autoregressive Integrated Moving average (ARIMA) model and Multicointegration (ECM) model. Results show that the ECM was the best fit model of CPI in Zambia since it showed smallest errors measures. Lastly, a forecast was done using the ECM and results show an average growth rate for food CPI at 6.63% and an average growth rate for nonfood CPI at 7.41%. Forecasting CPI is an important factor for any economy because it is essential in economic planning for the future. Hence, identifying a more accurate forecasting model is a major contribution to the development of Zambia.

关键词： Consumer Price Index Multicointegration ARIMA ECM Forecast

Forecasting Annual International Tourist Arrivals in Zambia Using Holt-Winters Exponential Smoothing

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Open Journal of Statistics 2019年第2期9卷 258-267页

作者： Stanley Jere Alick Banda Bornwell Kasense Ian Siluyele edwin moyo Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia Zambia Information and Communications Technology Authority Lusaka Zambia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Northrise University Ndola Zambia

Tourism is one of the major contributors to foreign exchange earnings to Zambia and world economy. Annual International tourist arrivals in Zambia from 1995 to 2014 are considered in this paper. In this study we evaluated the model performance of Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Holt Winters exponential smoothing (HWES). The error indicators: Mean percentage error (MPE), Mean absolute error (MAE), Mean absolute scaled error (MASE), Root-mean-square error (RMSE) and Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) showed that HWES is an appropriate model with reasonable forecast accuracy. The HWES (α = 1, β = 0.1246865) showed smallest error than those of the ARIMA (0, 1, 2) models. Hence, the HWES (α = 1, β = 0.1246865) can be used to model annual international tourist arrivals in Zambia. Further, forecasting results give a gradual increase in annual international tourist arrivals of about 42% by 2024. Accurate forecasts are key to new investors and Policymakers. The Zambian government should use such forecasts in formulating policies and making strategies that will promote the tourism industry.

关键词： Zambia International Tourist Arrivals Holt-Winters Model ARIMA Forecasting

Some Results of Upper and Lower <i>M</i>-Asymmetric Irresolute Multifunctions in Bitopological Spaces

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第6期11卷 611-627页

作者： Levy K. Matindih edwin moyo Davy K. Manyika Timothy Sinyangwe Department of Science & Mathematics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia Department of Mathematics Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia

In this paper, we aim to introduce and study some basic properties of upper and lower M-asymmetric irresolute multifunctions defined between asymmetric sets in the realm of bitopological spaces with certain minimal structures as a generalization of irresolute functions deal to Crossley and Hildebrand [1] and upper and lower irresolute Multifunctions deal to Popa [2].

关键词： TiTj-Semiopen Sets M-Space M-Asymmetric Semiopen and Semiclosed Sets Upper (Lower) Irresolute Multifunctions and Upper (Lower) M-Asymmetric Irresolute Multifunctions

Modelling of the Abundance of Malaria Mosquitoes Using Poisson Mixed Model

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2019年第10期7卷 2492-2507页

作者： edwin moyo Chipego Munachoonga Dennis Lubumbe Alick Banda Antony Ngunyi Stanley Jere Department of Mathematics and Statistics Northrise University Ndola Zambia Department of Business and Social Sciences Chreso University Lusaka Zambia Department of Research Northrise University Ndola Zambia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Dedan Kimathi University of Science and Technology Nyeri Kenya Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia

Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae are malaria vector mosquitoes. Knowing their resting behavior is important for implementing control methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the resting behaviour of the two malaria mosquitoes. The study was conducted in Kilombero River Valley and mosquitoes were collected using indoor and outdoor traps from 2012-2015. Poisson mixed models were used to quantify the impact of environment variables on resting behaviour. A log ratio rate between the type of trap and its interaction with environmental variables was used to determine if there was a change over time in the resting behaviour. A total of 4696 mosquitoes were resting indoors of which 57% were A. funestus and 43% were A. gambiae. Similarly, a total of 12,028 mosquitoes were resting outdoor of which 13% were A. funestus and 87% were A. gambiae. Temperature was significant and affected the resting behaviour of A. funestus. Humidity, saturation deficit and temperature were significant variables influencing the resting behaviour of A. gambiae. A. funestus was resting indoor while A. gambiae was resting outdoor over time generally. The findings of this study on the effects of environmental variables and the variations in the resting behaviour of A. gambiae and A. funestus could be used as a guide to implementing appropriate intervention measures such as indoor residential spraying (IRS), insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and mosquito repellents.

关键词： A. gambiae A. funestus Resting Behaviour Mosquito Density Environmental Variables

Modelling HIV/AIDS Cases in Zambia: A Comparative Study of the Impact of Mandatory HIV Testing

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Open Journal of Statistics 2021年第3期11卷 409-419页

作者： edwin moyo James C. Shakalima Gilbert Chambashi James Muchinga Levy K. Matindih Department of Science and Mathematics Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia School of Business Studies Unicaf University Lusaka Zambia Department of Natural Sciences Levy Mwanawasa University Lusaka Zambia

In this study, a time series modeling approach is used to determine an ARIMA model and advance counterfactual forecasting at a point of policy intervention. We consider monthly data of HIV/AIDS cases from the Ministry of Health (Copperbelt province) of Zambia, for the period 2010 to 2019 and have a total of 120 observations. Results indicate that ARIMA (1, 0, 0) is an adequate model which best fits the HIV/AIDS time series data and is, therefore, suitable for forecasting cases. The model predicts a reduction from an average of 3500 to 3177 representing 14.29% in HIV/AIDS cases from 2017 (year of policy activation) to 2019, but the actual recorded cases dropped from 3500 to 1514 accounting for 57.4% in the same time frame.

关键词： Counterfactual Forecasting Box-Jenkins Methodology ARIMA Model Auto-correlation Function Partial Autocorrelation Function

Modelling HIV/AIDS Cases in Zambia: A Comparative Study of the Impact of Mandatory HIV Testing

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Secondary Data Analysis of Tuberculosis Deaths in Bulawayo Province, Zimbabwe, 2016-2019

Open Journal of Statistics（统计学期刊） 2021年第3期

作者： edwin moyo James C. Shakalima Gilbert Chambashi James Muchinga Levy K. Matindih

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第1期12卷 57-67页

作者： Tshebukani Mzingaye moyo edwin Sibanda Notion Tafara Gombe Tsitsi Patience Juru Emmanuel Govha Maurice Omondi Addmore Chadambuka Mufuta Tshimanga Department of Primary Health Care Sciences Global and Public Health University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe Bulawayo City Council Department of Health Bulawayo Zimbabwe African Field Epidemiology Network Harare Zimbabwe African Field Epidemiology Network Nairobi Kenya

Background: Tuberculosis is a leading cause of death globally, and the third leading cause of death in Zimbabwe. Death from any cause following a diag-nosis of tuberculosis is classified as a tuberculosis death. Bulawayo Province reported high tuberculosis death rates from 15.3% in 2016 to 14.2% in 2019 against a threshold of 5%. We analyzed tuberculosis deaths for Bulawayo Province to characterize patients dying and to make recommendations for im-proving treatment outcomes for susceptible tuberculosis cases. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. We analyzed all (N = 469) records of tuberculosis deaths from 19/19 Bulawayo tuberculosis diagnosing centers from 01 January 2016 to 31 December 2019. Microsoft® Excel 2007 was used to generate graphs and Stata® version 17 was used to conduct chi-square tests for trends. Results: Males accounted for 278/469 (59.3%) of the deaths. The median age of death was 40 years (Q1 = 33: Q3 = 51). The proportion of TB deaths increased from 63/114 (55%) in 2016 to 57/90 (63%) in 2019 for males (p Conclusion: High death rates particularly in the intensive phase, could be attributed to sub-optimal clinical care. Tuberculosis programs should work towards adopting differentiated care models for tuberculosis patients and developing algorithms for patients at high risk of death.

关键词： Tuberculosis Death Secondary Data Analysis Bulawayo Province Zimbabwe