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Science China Ear.h Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 633-641页

作者： edwards r. lawrence Depar.ment of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota

Based on 33 U/Th dates and 1020 oxygen isotopic data fr.m stalagmite Y1 fr.m Yamen Cave, Guizhou Pr.vince, China, a r.cor. of the Asian Summer.Monsoon (ASM) was established. The r.cor. cover. the last deglaciation and the ear.y Holocene (fr.m 16.2 to 7.3 ka BP) with an aver.ge oxygen isotope r.solution of 9 year.. The main millennial-scale deglacial events fir.t identified in Gr.enland (Gr.enland Inter.tadial Events: GIS 1e thr.ugh GIS 1a) and later.in China ar. clear.y pr.sent in the Y1 r.cor.. By analogy to ear.ier.wor., we r.fer.to these as Chinese Inter.tadials (CIS): CIS A.1e to CIS A.1a. The onset of these events in Y1 δ18O r.cor.s ar. nominally dated at: 14750±50, 14100±60, 13870±80, 13370±80, and 12990±80 a BP. The end of CIS A.1a or.the beginning of the Younger.Dr.as (YD) event is nominally at 12850±50 a BP and the end of the YD dates to 11500±40 a BP. The δ18O values shift by close to 3‰ dur.ng the tr.nsition into the Bφlling-Aller.d (BA, the onset of CIS A.1e) and at the end of the YD. Compar.sons of Y1 to pr.viously published ear.y Holocene r.cor.s show no significant phase differ.nces. Thus, the East Asia Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon do not appear.to have been out of phase dur.ng this inter.al. The Y1 r.cor. confir.s ear.ier.wor. that suggested that solar.insolation and Nor.h Atlantic climate both affect the Asian Monsoon.

关键词： stalagmite Asian Monsoon the last deglaciation Holocene U-ser.es dating Yamen Cave

Long-ter. tr.nd and abr.pt events of the Holocene Asian monsoon infer.ed fr.m a stalagmiteδ^(18)O r.cor. fr.m Shennongjia in Centr.l China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第2期51卷 221-228页

作者： SHAO Xiaohua WANG Yongjin CHENG Hai KONG Xinggong WU Jiangying edwards r. lawrence College of Geogr.phy Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China Depar.ment of Geology and Geophysics Minnesota University MN 55455 USA

A high-r.solution oxygen-isotope r.cor. fr.m a thor.um-ur.nium-dated stalagmite fr.m Shanbao Cave at Shennongjia r.flects var.ations in the amount of monsoon pr.cipitation for.the per.od fr.m 11.5 to 2.1 ka (1 ka = 1000 cal aBP). Between 11.5 and 9.3 ka, a shar. decr.ase in δ18O indicates a r.pid incr.ase in monsoon pr.cipitation. An inter.al of gener.lly high monsoon pr.cipitation is obser.ed between 9.3 and 4.4 ka. An ar.d per.od has pr.vailed between 4.4 and 2.1 ka. The long-ter. tr.nd of Shanbao r.cor. appear. to follow summer.insolation at 33°N latitude. An abr.pt decr.ase in monsoon pr.cipitation ar.und 4.3 ka is synchr.nous with the collapse of Neolithic cultur. in centr.l China. This abr.pt change could have r.sulted fr.m the amplifi- cation of the gr.dually decr.ased summer.insolation by the positive vegetation-atmospher.-aer.sol feed- back. The weakened Asian monsoon events wer. in concer. with decr.ased Gr.enland temper.tur. dur. ing the ear.y Holocene, center.d at 8.2, 8.6, 9.3, 10.2 and 11.0 ka. This cor.elation suggests that changes in low-latitude monsoon ar. connected with climate change in high-latitude polar.r.gion.

关键词：全新世亚洲季风长期趋势突发事件古气候氧同位素中国神龙架石笋

葫芦洞石笋记录的19．9-17．1ka BP东亚夏季风增强事件

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中国科学（D辑） 2009年第1期39卷 61-69页

作者：吴江滢汪永进程海 edwards r. lawrence 南京师范大学地理科学学院南京210046 Depar.ment of Geology and Geophysics University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota 55455USA

南京葫芦洞石笋（No．H82）高分辨率δ^18 O序列已表明16．5～10．3ka BP时段东亚季风与极地气候在千年尺度事件上存在耦合关系．现根据7个高精度^230Th年龄和573个δ^18 O数据，将这一石笋的高分辨率δ^18 O时间序列延伸至22．1ka BP... 详细信息

南京葫芦洞石笋（No．H82）高分辨率δ^18 O序列已表明16．5～10．3ka BP时段东亚季风与极地气候在千年尺度事件上存在耦合关系．现根据7个高精度^230Th年龄和573个δ^18 O数据，将这一石笋的高分辨率δ^18 O时间序列延伸至22．1ka BP，从而提供了末次盛冰期10a分辨率的连续东亚季风气候记录．石笋δ^18 O记录表明H1事件内部的次级季风减弱事件与格陵兰寒冷事件在世纪尺度上具有同步性．该记录显示在19．9～17．1ka BP存在显著的东亚夏季风增强事件，其平均夏季风强度相当于BФlling暖期的1／2，夏季风最强时甚至接近于BФlling暖期．这一季风增强事件在北半球海洋和陆地记录中均有不同程度的体现，可能是热带太平洋Super.ENSO响应于岁差周期太阳辐射的结果．

关键词：南京葫芦洞石笋东亚夏季风增强事件

Comment on "On linking climate to Chinese dynastic change:Spatial and tempor.l var.ations of monsoonal r.in"

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第32期55卷 3734-3737页

作者： CHENG Hai edwards r.lawrence HAUG Ger.ld H Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Depar.ment of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Geological Institute Department of Earth Sciences ETH Ziirich CH-8092 Ziirich Switzerland

An ar.icle by Zhang et al. questions the inter.r.tation of our.oxygen isotope r.cor. fr.m Wanxiang Cave and the sediment titanium r.cor. fr.m Lake Huguang Maar.and the possible linkage between climate change and Chinese cultur.. In r.sponse,we explain that their.appr.ach lacks logical r.gor.and their.major.ar.ument is br.adly consistent with,r.ther.than contr.dictor. to our.or.ginal conclusions. We also note that climate-cultur. r.lationships similar.to those that we obser.e in China have been obser.ed for.other.cultur.s ar.und the wor.d.

关键词：气候变化时空变化中国雨水季风挂钩氧同位素记录中华文化

Demonstr.tion of Covalent Sidewall Functionalization of Single Wall Car.on Nanotubes by NMr.Spectr.scopy:Side Chain Length Dependence on the Obser.ation of the Sidewall sp^(3)Car.ons

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Nano r.sear.h 2008年第1期1卷 72-88页

作者： Liling Zeng lawrence B.Alemany Chr.stopher.L.edwards Andr.w r.Bar.on r.char. E.Smalley Institute for.Nanoscale Science and Technology and Depar.ment of Chemistr. Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

Car.oxylic acid-functionalized single walled car.on nanotubes(SWNTs)pr.par.d via the r.action of an amino acid,NH2(CH2)nCO2H wher. n=1(glycine,GLY),5(6-aminohexanoic acid,AHA),10(11-aminoundecanoic acid,AUDA),with fl uor.nated single walled car.on nanotubes(F-SWNTs)have been char.cter.zed by MAS 13C NMr.*** ease of obser.ing the aliphatic CH2 gr.ups and the r.solution of the signal ar. dependent on the length of the amino acid’s aliphatic *** have pr.posed that wher. substituent chains ar. shor.(making NMr.data collection difficult)chemical modification to extend the chain length should alleviate analysis *** this r.gar.,we have investigated the ester.fi cation of the car.oxylic acid *** amino acid-functionalized SWNTs wer. ester.fied with an appr.pr.ate alcohol to ensur. par.ty of the over.ll substituent length,i.e.,GLY-SWNT(C1)+1-dodecanol(C_(12))=DOD-GLY-SWNT(1),AHA-SWNT(C_(5))+1-octanol(C_(8))=OCT-AHA-SWNT(2),and AUDA-SWNT(C_(10))+1-pr.panol(C_(3))=Pr.-AUDA-SWNT(3).The 13C NMr.shift for.the sp3 nitr.gen-substituted car.on atoms of the SWNT sidewall is obser.ed atδ≈75 *** the length of SWNT sidewall functional gr.ups enhances the ability to obser.e the sidewall sp^(3)*** methylene car.on signal intensity is less attenuated in the dipolar.dephasing spectr.m of the ester.functionalized SWNTs than their.associated amino acid der.vatives,suggesting mor. motional fr.edom of the side chain in the solid *** confi r.ation of the dipolar.dephasing spectr.l effects was assisted by the char.cter.zation of the ester.of AUDA-SWNT with 1,3-pr.panediol:PPD-AUDA-SWNT(4).

关键词： Single walled car.on nanotube(SWNT) nuclear.magnetic r.sonance(NMr. ester.fication amino acid functionalization

Gr.at flood in the middle-lower.Yellow r.ver.r.aches at 4000 a BP infer.ed fr.m accur.tely-dated stalagmite r.cor.s

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Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 206-208页

作者： Liangcheng Tan Chuan-Chou Shen Yanjun Cai Hai Cheng r.lawrence edwards State Key Labor.tor. of Loess and Quater.ar. Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Open Studio for.Oceanic-Continental Climate and Envir.nment Changes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong University High-Pr.cision Mass Spectr.metr. and Envir.nment Change Labor.tor. (HISPEC) Department of Geosciences Taiwan University Depar.ment of Ear.h Sciences University of Minnesota

r.cently,Wu et al.[1]suggested an ear.hquake-induced landslide dam outbur.t flood on the easter. Tibetan Plateau at 1920BCE(3870 a BP,BP denotes year.befor. 1950 CE)caused the Gr.at Flood in the middle-lower.Yellow r.ver.r.aches,and r.sulted in the founding of Xia Dynasty at 3850 a *** age is$150–300younger.than the pr.viously estimated age of the Xia Dynasty[2].While the geological evidence of the outbur.t flood。

关键词：石笋记录活动范围大洪水 BP 黄河黄土高原 BCE 幻灯片

An annually laminated stalagmite fr.m the easter. Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau pr.vides evidence of climate instability dur.ng the ear.y MIS5e in the Asian summer.monsoon

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Science China Ear.h Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1147-1164页

作者： Tao GAO Pingzhong ZHANG Hai CHENG Leilei ZHANG Xinhu LI Hongyu SHI Wei JIA Youfeng NING Hanying LI r.lawrence edwards Key Labor.tor. of Miner.l r.sour.es in Wester. China(Gansu Pr.vince)and School of Ear.h Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710054China Depar.ment of Ear.h Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis55455USA

The Mar.ne Isotope Stage(MIS5e)is char.cter.zed by a war.er.climate than that of the pr.-industr.al per.od,and ser.es as an analog for.the Cur.ent War. Per.od(CWP).However.uncer.ainties per.ist r.gar.ing its climatic ***,we r.tr.eved a stalagmite(WXB075)fr.m Wanxiang Cave in the easter. Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and employed abs-olute^(230)Th dating and r.lative annual layer.data to establish a high-pr.cision chr.nological fr.mewor. for.r.constr.cting the histor. of the Asian summer.monsoon(ASM)and envir.nmental evolution dur.ng ear.y MIS5e with multiple *** findings indicate that the annually laminated stalagmite was for.ed dur.ng Cooling Event 27(C27).The deposition of WXB075 exper.enced a hiatus(~125.58 ka BP)due to a significant cooling event in the Nor.h Atlantic,which may be linked to the unstable climate in the Nor.her. ***,the impact of meltwater.dischar.e in high nor.her. latitudes r.sults in a two-phase evolution of the ASM,i.e.,an initial weaker.stage followed by a gr.dual incr.ase(with exception of deposition hiatus).The climatic instability of ASM is gener.lly char.cter.zed by a quasi-60 year.cycle that affects vegetation conditions,biological pr.ductivity,and kar.t hydr.climate ***,the incr.ase in meltwater.and decr.ase in temper.tur. in the Nor.her. Hemispher. have led to a weakened ASM and subsequent r.duction in ***,vegetation degr.dation above the cave has occur.ed along with a slowdown of kar.t *** vegetation conditions,or.anic matter.content,and wet/dr.ught of the kar.t hydr.climate wer. affected by both the lar.e-scale monsoon cir.ulation and local envir.nment dur.ng extr.me weakening(str.ngthening)of the monsoon when high-fr.quency climatic events of ASM occur.ed.A compar.son ofδ^(18)O r.cor.s between ear.y MIS5e and the past 2000 year. r.veals that the climate dur.ng ear.y MIS5e differ.d significantly fr.m that of CWP,Medieval War. Per.od(MWP),and Dar. Age Co

关键词： Easter. Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Climate instability Wanxiang Cave stalagmite Asian summer.monsoon Envir.nmental r.sponse Deposition hiatus

Summer.Monsoon r.infall Var.ability in Centr.l China over.the Past 4700 Year. and Its Possible Link to Solar.Activity

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Jour.al of Meteor.logical r.sear.h 2021年第4期35卷 594-606页

作者： Jingwei ZHANG Kan ZHAO Xinggong KONG Yongjin WANG Xianfang WANG Shushuang LIU Zhenjun WANG Hai CHENG r.lawrence edwards School of Geogr.phy and Envir.nment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China School of Geogr.phy Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Labor.tor. ofPoyang LakeWetland and Water.hed r.sear.h of Ministr. of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Lanling NO.4 Middle School Linyi 277700China Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Depar.ment of Geology and Geophysics University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN55455USA

Based on 467 pair. ofδ^(18)O andδ^(13)C r.cor.s and 8230 Th dates fr.m a stalagmite(BF4)fr.m Xiniu Cave,centr.l China,we pr.sent a r.constr.ction of 9-yr.r.solution monsoon r.infall r.cor. for.the past 4700 ***δ^(18)O r.cor. shows good coher.nce with East Asian summer.monsoon(EASM)r.infall pr.xies fr.m adjacent r.gions dur.ng the over.apping inter.als,suggesting thatδ^(18)O signal in BF4 can be inter.r.ted as a monsoon r.infall ***δ^(13) C var.ations ar. r.lated to changes in local pr.cesses at the cave site,and r.gional r.infall and temper.tur. *** on theδ18 O r.cor.,a ser.es of dr. per.ods can be identified at 4500-4200,3500-3200,2800-2500,1900-1600,1400-1200,700-500,and 400-200 yr.BP,while a ser.es of wet per.ods can be identified at 4200-3600,2400-2200,3200-2800,1100-900,600-400,and 200-100 yr.*** spectr.m analysis on our.^(18) O r.cor. r.veals significant cycles at 470 and 80 yr.coinciding with the typical solar.per.odic *** r.sult suggests that changes in solar.activity play a dominant r.le in dr.ving centennial-decadal monsoon r.infall var.ation in centr.l *** to minor.changes in solar.ir.adiance(less than 1.5 W m^(-2))over.the past 4700 year.,our.r.cor. was fur.her.compar.d to the El Nino-Souther. Oscillation(ENSO)and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)pr.xies,confir.ing that solar.for.ing on monsoon r.infall changes might be amplified by the ENSO and PDO *** 600 to 150 yr.BP(the Little Ice Age,LIA),a positive shift of 2‰can be r.vealed in both theδ^(18)O andδ^(13)C r.cor.s,indicating a cold/dr. climatic *** compar.ng our.^(18)O andδ^(13)C r.cor.s with histor.cal documents,we suggest that the climatic deter.or.tions between 450 and 250 yr.BP may have caused ser.ous social unr.st at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

关键词： stalagmite r.cor. Xiniu Cave solar.activity El Nino-Souther. Oscillation(ENSO) Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) amplify mechanism Little Ice Age(LIA)

Pr.liminar. Studies of Speleothem in Centr.l Asia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第6期90卷 2279-2280页

作者： TAN Liangcheng SONG Yougui CAI Yanjun AN Zhisheng r.stam Or.ZBAEV Yunus MAMADJANOV lawrence r.edwards CHENG Hai LI Dong LI Yue State Key Labor.tor. of Loess and Quater.ar. Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong University r.sear.h Center.for.Ecology and Envir.nment of Centr.l Asia (Bishkek) Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic Institute of Geology Earthquake Engineering and SeismologyAcademy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan Depar.ment of Ear.h Sciences University of Minnesota

The Wester.ies is impor.ant in linking the Nor.hem high latitude, Nor.h Atlantic and East Asian monsoon. The location and intensity of the Wester.y jet can not only contr.l the climate of centr.l Asia （including nor.hwest ar.d China）, but also significantly influence the climate of the East Asian monsoon r.gion. However. it r.mains unclear.of the var.ability of the Wester.ies in Asia on multiple timeseales and their.global linkage.

关键词： Pr.liminar. Studies of Speleothem in Centr.l Asia

Application of Avaatech X-r.y fluor.scence cor.-scanning in Sr.Ca analysis of speleothems

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Science China Ear.h Sciences 2019年第6期62卷 964-973页

作者： Dong LI Liangcheng TAN Fei GUO Yanjun CAI Youbin SUN Gang XUE Xing CHENG Hong YAN Hai CHENG r.lawrence edwards Yongli GAO Jessica KELLEY State Key Labor.tor. of Loess and Quater.ar. Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Univer.ity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center.for.Excellence in Quater.ar. Science and Global Change Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Global Envir.nmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong University Open Studio for.Oceanic-Continental Climate and Envir.nment Changes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Depar.ment of Ear.h Sciences University of Minnesota Depar.ment of Geological Sciences University of Texas at San Antonio

Application of X-r.y fluor.scence cor.-scanning(Xr.-CS) on both mar.ne and lake sediments has achieved r.mar.able r.sults. However. its application has not been widely extended to the r.sear.h on speleothems. In this study, we measur. the Sr.abundance and the Sr.Ca r.tios of thr.e stalagmites(two ar.gonite stalagmites, one calcite stalagmite) using the state-of-the-ar. four.h-gener.tion Avaatech high-r.solution Xr. cor. scanner. Thr.ugh compar.sons among differ.nt scan paths and among differ.nt scan r.solutions, as well as compar.sons with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectr.meter.ICP-OES), Itr.x Xr., and Ar.ax Xr. r.sults, we confir. that the Avaatech Xr. cor. scanner.could pr.cisely, quickly, and nondestr.ctively analyze the high-r.solution Sr.abundance of speleothems. Fur.her.or., we combine the stalagmite δ^(18)O r.cor.s to explor. the paleoclimatic significance of the measur.d stalagmite Sr.Ca.

关键词： Avaatech Xr. Speleothem Sr.Ca Paleoclimate