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Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun S.Venkatesh Suzanne Golub Kathryn S.Stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena Desai David j.Handelsman j.ffrey D.Zaj.c Mathis Grossmann Rachel A.Davey Department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with GnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

Enhancing work hardening and ductility in additively manufacturedβTi:roles played by grain orientation,morphology and substructure

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 131-141页

作者： Ahmad Zafari edward Wen Chiek Lui Mogeng Li Kenong Xia Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Centre for Additive Manufacturing School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Physics of Fluids Group Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid DynamicsJ.M.Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics and MESA+Research InstituteDepartment of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Twente7500AE Enschedethe Netherlands

A metastableβTi alloy was additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Tensile testing along the build direction of the as-LPBF material(LPBF-0°)revealed signifcant work softening immediately following yielding with no uniform *** contrast,substantial work hardening and uniform elongation well over 10%were achieved perpendicular to the build direction(LPBF-90°).Similar effects were obtained in the build direction after super transus heat treatment(LPBF-0°+HT)although the strength was slightly *** addition,the yield drop phenomenon observed in both orientations of the as-LPBF materials disappeared after *** enhanced work hardening ability,and thus ductility,can be attributed to increased interactions of slip bands/slip bands owing to additional{112}slip systems becoming operative in LPBF-0°+HT and LPBF-90°while LPBF-0°was dominated by{110}*** other variations after HT may be related to the coarsening of grain structure and removal of specifc substructures in the as-LPBF microstructure.

关键词： βtitanium Work hardening Anisotropy Equiaxed microstructure Slip band Laser powder bed fusion

The bisulfite genomic sequencing protocol

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Advances in Lung Cancer 2013年第1期2卷 21-25页

作者： j.ne j. Pappas André Toulouse Walter edward Clarke Bradley Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience University College Cork Cork Ireland Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics McGill University Montreal Canada

The bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) protocol has gained worldwide popularity as the method of choice for analyzing DNA methylation. It is this popular because it is a powerful protocol and it may be coupled with many other applications. However, users often run into a slew ofproblems, including incomplete conversion,overly degraded DNA, sub-optimal PCR amplifications, false positives, uninformative results, or altogether failed experiments. We pinpoint the reasons why these problems arise and carefully explain the critical steps toward accomplishing a successful experiment step-by-step. This protocol has worked successfully (>99.9% conversion) on as little as 100 ng of DNA derived from nearly 10-year-old DNA samples extracted from whole blood stored at -80°C and resulted in enough converted DNA for more than 50 PCRreactions. The aim of this article is to makelearning and usage of BGS easier, more efficient and standardized for all users.

关键词： Bisulfite Genomic Sequencing DNA Methylation Epigenetics Cancer

Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway is required for MSC tenogenic differentiation

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Bone Research 2015年第3期3卷 173-181页

作者： edward Maharam Miguel Yaport Nathaniel L Villanueva Takintope Akinyibi Damien Laudier Zhiyong He Daniel j.Leong Hui B Sun Leni and Peter W.May Department of Orthopedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Departments of Orthopedic Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine Radiation Oncology Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Mesenchymal stem cell （MSC）-based treatments have shown promise for improving tendon healing and repair. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages in response to select chemical and physical stimuli, including into tenocytes. Cell elongation and cytoskeletal tension have been shown to be instrumental to the process of MSC differentiation. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of stress fiber formation leads MSCs to default toward an adipogenic lineage, which suggests that stress fibers are required for MSCs to sense the environmental factors that can induce differentiation into tenocytes. As the Rho/ROCK signal transduction pathway plays a critical role in both stress fiber formation and in cell sensation, we examined whether the activation of this pathway was required when inducing MSC tendon differentiation using rope-like silk scaffolds. To accomplish this, we employed a loss-of-function approach by knocking out ROCK, actin and myosin （two other components of the pathway） using the specific inhibitors Y-27632, Latrunculin A and blebbistatin, respectively. We demonstrated that independently disrupting the cytoskeleton and the Rho/ ROCK pathway abolished the expression of tendon differentiation markers and led to a loss of spindle morphology. Together, these studies suggest that the tension that is generated by MSC elongation is essential for MSC teno-differentiation and that the Rho/ROCK pathway is a critical mediator of tendon differentiation on rope-like silk scaffolds.

关键词： MSCs Figure Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway is required for MSC tenogenic differentiation

Models to predict inj.ry, physical fitness failure and attrition in recruit training: a retrospective cohort study

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 391-400页

作者： Robin M.Orr Bruce S.Cohen Stephen C.Allison Lakmini Bulathsinhala edward j.Zambraski Mark j.ffrey Tactical Research Unit Bond University2 Promethean WayGold CoastRobinaQLD 4226Australia United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine NatickMA 01760USA Defence Science and Technology Group Port MelbourneVIC 3207Australia

Background:Attrition rate in new army recruits is higher than in incumbent *** the current study,we identified the risk factors for attrition due to inj.ries and physical fitness failure in recruit training.A variety of predictive models were ***:This retrospective cohort included 19,769 Army soldiers of the Australian Defence Force receiving recruit training during a period from 2006 to *** them,7692 reserve soldiers received a 28-day training course,and the remaining 12,077 full-time soldiers received an 80-day training *** data included anthropometric measures,course-specific variables,inj.ry,and physical fitness *** regression was used to develop a variety of models to predict the rate of attrition due to inj.ries and physical fitness *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the performance of the ***:In the overall analysis that included both the 28-day and 80-day courses,the incidence of inj.ry of any type was 27.8%.The 80-day course had a higher rate of inj.ry if calculated per course(34.3%vs.17.6%in the 28-day course),but lower number of inj.ries per person-year(1.56 vs.2.29).Fitness test failure rate was significantly higher in the 28-day course(30.0%vs.12.1%).The overall attrition rate was 5.2%and 5.0%in the 28-day and 80-day courses,*** fracture was common in the 80-day course(n=44)and rare in the 28-day course(n=1).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the course-specific predictive models were relatively low(ranging from 0.51 to 0.69),consistent with"failed"to"poor"predictive *** course-combined models performed somewhat better than the course-specific models,with two models having AUC of 0.70 and 0.78,which are considered"fair"predictive ***:Attrition rate was similar between 28-day and 80-day *** comparison to the 80-day full course,the 28-day course had a lower rat

关键词： Military training Predictive modelling Risk management Soldier

The impact of iodinated X-ray contrast agents on formation and toxicity of disinfection by-products in drinking water

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 173-182页

作者： Clara H.j.ong edward j.Machek Morteza Shakeri Stephen E.Duirk Thomas A.Ternes Susan D.Richardson Elizabeth D.Wagner Michael j.Plewa Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Akron Akron OH USA Department of Water Chemistry Federal Institute of Hydrology Koblenz Germany Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA Department of Crop Sciences and the Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

The presence of iodinated X-ray contrast media（ICM） in source waters is of high concern to public health because of their potential to generate highly toxic disinfection by-products（DBPs）. The obj.ctive of this study was to determine the impact of ICM in source waters and the type of disinfectant on the overall toxicity of DBP mixtures and to determine which ICM and reaction conditions give rise to toxic by-products. Source waters collected from Akron,OH were treated with five different ICMs, including iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol,diatrizoate and iomeprol, with or without chlorine or chloramine disinfection. The reaction product mixtures were concentrated with XAD resins and the mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the reaction mixture concentrates was measured. Water containing iopamidol generated an enhanced level of mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity after disinfection. While chlorine disinfection with iopamidol resulted in the highest cytotoxicity overall, the relative iopamidol-mediated increase in toxicity was greater when chloramine was used as the disinfectant compared with chlorine. Four other ICMs（iopromide, iohexol, diatrizoate, and iomeprol） expressed some cytotoxicity over the control without any disinfection, and induced higher cytotoxicity when chlorinated. Only iohexol enhanced genotoxicity compared to the chlorinated source water.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Iodo-DBPs Iodinated X-ray contrast media

Earth::An Introduction to Physical Geology/ 7th ed.

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The technique of utilizing a single gracilis functional muscle transfer to restore quadriceps function following sarcoma surgery

2002年

作者： edward j. Tarbuck Frederick K. Lutgens.

Includes index.

ISBN: (数字)0130920258

ISBN: (纸本)0130920258

Includes index.

关键词： Physical geology.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第12期6卷 37-46页

作者： Christopher M.Nguyen Imran Ratanshi j.nnifer L.Giuffre edward W.Buchel Thomas E.j.Hayakawa Section of Plastic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of ManitobaWinnipeg R3A 1R9Canada The Plastic Surgery Group Fraser Health AuthoritySurreyBritish Columbia V3V 1Z2Canada

Aim:Quadriceps strength and knee extension,the most important factors limiting the ability to rise from a chair,are crucial for walking at an appropriate speed,ascending and descending stairs,and performing activities such as running,dancing,and *** of the anterior compartment of the thigh,including all four quadriceps muscles,for the treatment of a sarcoma is uncommon;however,when necessary,it is very debilitating and adversely affects a patient's quality of life without functional ***,there are a limited number of complex and difficult reconstructions to restore quadriceps function that have been described with variable *** describe a simple technique that employs a single gracilis functional muscle transfer to replace essential quadriceps ***:This is a case series describing the use of either a free or pedicled single gracilis muscle to restore quadriceps function following sarcoma ***:Four patients underwent an anterior compartment sarcoma resection that resulted in a large segmental defect and/or denervation of all four quadriceps muscles such that no quadriceps function would remain without *** four patients underwent a functional reconstruction using a single *** of the living patients achieved British Medical Research Counsel Grade 4 strength,can achieve full knee extension,are able to navigate stairs,and are able to ambulate without a *** fourth patient unfortunately was deceased in under three months following his tumor ***:Despite its small size in comparison to the quadriceps muscles,with physiotherapy and training,the gracilis muscle demonstrates the capacity to hypertrophy and replace quadriceps function following limb salvage surgery.

关键词： Knee extension re-animation functional muscle transfer free flap pedicled flap sarcoma microsurgery quadriceps reconstruction

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作为概念与场所的CBD

现代城市研究 2009年第3期24卷 79-83页

作者：胡以志 edward j. Blakely 周祎旻加州大学伯克利分校城市与区域发展学院访问学者悉尼大学规划研究中心主任悉尼大学建筑设计与规划学院研究分析员

作为一份历史叙述,文章从概念和场所两个角度阐述CBD的历史发展:作为概念的CBD,人们对其理解主要从城市形态和经济发展出发;作为场所的CBD,20世纪末之前的CBD历史是一部发展、衰弱和复兴的历史。文章提出一个问题,即在信息和全球化时代... 详细信息

作为一份历史叙述,文章从概念和场所两个角度阐述CBD的历史发展:作为概念的CBD,人们对其理解主要从城市形态和经济发展出发;作为场所的CBD,20世纪末之前的CBD历史是一部发展、衰弱和复兴的历史。文章提出一个问题,即在信息和全球化时代,如何去重新定义CBD——一个工业化时代的产物,并做了初步探索,但是这个问题的答案在目前而言还远非清晰,有待于信息化和全球化发展趋势的进一步明朗。

关键词： CBD 概念场所