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Rapid Determination of Metabolites in Bio-fluid Samples by Raman Spectroscopy and Optimum Combinations of Chemometric Methods

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第11期29卷 2525-2532页

作者：卞希慧陈达蔡文生 Grant, edward 邵学广 esearch Center for Analytical Sciences College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z1

The application of Raman spectroscopic techniques combined with multivariate chemometrics signal processing promise new means for the rapid multidimensional analysis of metabolites non-destructively, with little or no sample preparation and little sensitivity to water. However, Rayleigh scattering, fluorescence and uncontrolled variance present substantial challenges for the accurate quantitative analysis of metabolites at physiological levels in bio- logically varying samples. Effective strategies include the application of chemometrics pretreatments for reducing Raman spectral interference. However, the arbitrary application of individual or combined pretreatment procedures can significantly alter the outcome of a measurement, thereby complicating spectral analysis. This paper evaluates and compares six signal pretreatment methods for correcting the baseline variances, together with three variable se- lection methods for eliminating uninformative variables, all within the context of multivariate calibration models based on partial least squares （PLS） regression. Raman spectra of 90 artificial bio-fluid samples with eight urine metabolites at near-physiological concentrations were used to test these models. The combination of multiplicative scatter correction （MSC）, continuous wavelet transform （CWT）, randomization test （RT） and PLS modeling pre- sented the best performance for all the metabolites. The correlation coefficient （R） between predicted and prepared concentration reached as high as 0.96.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy metabolites bio-fluids chemometrics multivariate calibration variable selection

Effect of a fever in viral infections-the ‘Goldilocks’ phenomenon?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第2期9卷 296-307页

作者： Lucas Belon Peter Skidmore Rohan Mehra edward Walter Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildford GU27XXSurreyUnited Kingdom Department of General Medicine Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildford GU27XXSurreyUnited Kingdom

Acute infections,including those due to Coronaviridae and other viruses,often stimulate a febrile response.A mild fever appears to improve outcome;it appears to diminish viral replication by several mechanisms,including virion entry into host cells and genome transcription,and improving host defence mechanisms against the ***,a fever may also damage host cellular and tissue function and increase metabolic *** temperatures at the lower end of the febrile range,the benefit of the fever appears to outweigh the detrimental ***,at higher temperatures,the outcome worsens,suggesting that the disadvantages of fever on the host predominate.A non-infective fever is associated with a worse outcome at lower temperatures,suggesting that hyperthermia carries less benefit in the absence of *** review discusses the risks and benefits of a fever on the host response,focusing on the effects of a fever on viral replication and host response,and the detrimental effect on the host.

关键词： Fever virus Coronavirus Infection Body temperature regulation Hyperthermia

Fine-mapping and characterisation of genes on barley(Hordeum vulgare)chromosome 2H for salinity stress tolerance during germination

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 754-766页

作者： edward Mwando Yong Han Tefera Angessa Xiao-Qi Zhang Chengdao Li Western Crop Genetics Alliance College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development 3 Baron-Hay CourtSouth PerthWA 6151Australia

Salinity causes a detrimental impact on plant growth,particularly when the stress occurs during germination and early development *** is one of the most salt-tolerant crops;previously we mapped two quantitative trait loci(QTL)for salinity tolerance during germination on the short arm of chromosome 2 H using a CM72/Gairdner doubled haploid(DH)***,we narrowed down the major QTL to a region of 0.341 or 0.439 Mb containing 9 or 24 candidate genes belonging to 6 or 20 functional gene families according to barley reference genomes v1 and v3 respectively,using two DH populations of CM72/Gairdner and Skiff/CM72,F_(2)and F;generations of CM72/Gairdner/;Spartacus CL,Two Receptorlike kinase 4(RLPK4)v1 or Receptor-like kinase(RLK)v3 could be the candidates for enhanced germination under salinity stress because of their upregulated expression in salt-tolerant variety ***,several insertion/deletion polymorphisms were identified within the 3 rd exon of the genes between CM72 and *** sequence variations resulted in shifted functional protein domains,which may be associated with differences in salinity *** molecular markers were designed for selecting the locus with receptor-like protein kinase 4,and one was inside HORvU2 Hr1 G111760.1 or ***.r3.2 *** diagnostic markers will allow for pyramiding of 2 H locus in barley varieties and facilitate genetic improvement for saline ***,validation of the genes to elucidate the mechanisms involved in enhancing salinity tolerance at germination and designing RLPK4 specific markers is *** this publication,all the analysis was based on barley reference genome of2017(v1),and it was used throughout for ***,the positions of the markers and genes identified were updated according to new genome(v3)for reference.

关键词： Barley Germination Salinity tolerance Diagnostic markers Receptor-like protein kinase 4 Gene expression Sequence analysis

Patents and intellectual property in orthopaedics and arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第1期11卷 1-9页

作者： Chika edward Uzoigwe Ahmed Shoaib Department of Medicine Harcourt HouseSheffield S101DGUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Huddersfield Royal InfirmaryHuddersfield HD33EAUnited Kingdom

The provision of musculoskeletal services comes at a *** is,in part,due to the expense of patent-protected orthopaedic ***,patents have a finite *** of the most successful implants are now beginning to *** will be exposed to competition from generic but equivalent *** net effect is potentially a dramatic diminution in *** company,Orthimo,has taken advantage of this and begun manufacturing generic implants with identical design specifications to the most bio-durable hip *** will ultimately have a radical impact upon musculoskeletal healthcare provision with regard to cost and *** expiration of drug patents,with the subsequent use of generic drugs saves£7.1 billion annually in the United Kingdom and$254 billion in the *** suggest the introduction of equivalent implants could result in an annual cost saving to the United Kingdom National Health Service of£120 *** property remains an enigmatic area of *** encompasses anodyne principles that seek to protect innovation but are open to manipulation and *** last decade has seen the emergence of undesirable practices in the medical industry such as"patent trolling".Here we explore patents and their repercussions for musculoskeletal care.

关键词： Patent Arthroplasty Patent trolling Implant approval Intellectual property Health care costs

Approach to the endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第2期22卷 600-617页

作者： Jonathan P Gaspar edward B Stelow Andrew Y Wang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Department of Pathology University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States

Duodenal polyps or lesions are uncommonly found on upper endoscopy. Duodenal lesions can be categorized as subepithelial or mucosally-based, and the type of lesion often dictates the work-up and possible therapeutic options. Subepithelial lesions that can arise in the duodenum include lipomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and carcinoids. Endoscopic ultrasonography with fine needle aspiration is useful in the characterization and diagnosis of subepithelial lesions. Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors and large or multifocal carcinoids are best managed by surgical resection. Brunner's gland tumors, solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyps, and non-ampullary and ampullary adenomas are mucosally-based duodenal lesions, which can require removal and are typically amenable to endoscopic resection. Several anatomic characteristics of the duodenum make endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions challenging. However, advanced endoscopic techniques exist that enable the resection of large mucosally-based duodenal lesions. Endoscopic papillectomy is not without risk, but this procedure can effectively resect ampullary adenomas and allows patients to avoid surgery, which typically involves pancreaticoduodenectomy. Endoscopic mucosal resection and its variations(such as cap-assisted, cap-band-assisted, and underwater techniques) enable the safe and effective resection of most duodenal adenomas. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is possible but very difficult to safely perform in the duodenum.

关键词： Duodenum Polyp Subepithelial Lesion Ampulla Adenoma Papillectomy Endoscopic mucosalresection Underwater Endoscopic submucosal dissection

具有经济性前景的粗岩屑堆天然冷能集聚分析 (英文)

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冰川冻土 2004年第S1期26卷 197-200页

作者： Aldar P.Gorbunov edward v.Severskiy Kazakhstan Alpine Geocryological Laboratory Permafrost Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Almaty 480000 P.O. Box 138 KazakhstanKazakhstan Alpine Geocryological Laboratory Permafrost Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Almaty 480000 P.O. Box 138 Kazakhstan

The coarse-detrital deposits have the properties of cold accumulation and maintenance of cold for a long time. Now, at some place where the mean annual temperature of air is positive, one even can get the permafrost by artificial formation of the burial mound. According to these properties, some low-energy storehouses are built for various purposes.

关键词： coarse-detrital deposit permafrost stone burial mound storehouse

Construction of Pickering Emulsion-based Mt@g-C3N4/Fe3O4 Microcapsules for the Photocatalytic Adsorption of Uranium（Ⅵ） in Aqueous Solution

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Construction of Pickering Emulsion-based Mt@g-C3N4/Fe3O4 Mic...

作者： Acheampong edward Opong 西南科技大学

学位级别：硕士

水介质中环境污染物刺激响应微系统的构建因其仿生特性而得到了应有的重视。已经开发了不同的方法来制定这些系统,以满足系统的目的。在环境修复中,微系统是首选,特别是在水介质中进行处理时,由于其承受水力负荷的能力和稳定性。膜材料... 详细信息

水介质中环境污染物刺激响应微系统的构建因其仿生特性而得到了应有的重视。已经开发了不同的方法来制定这些系统,以满足系统的目的。在环境修复中,微系统是首选,特别是在水介质中进行处理时,由于其承受水力负荷的能力和稳定性。膜材料决定了微反应器系统的稳定性,因此小颗粒材料是首选。为此,粘土矿物,如蒙脱石,已应用于这方面的几个研究。微胶囊具有仿生功能和光响应特性,在环境修复中具有重要意义。这是因为它屏蔽了环境中的重要元素,在修复过程中,由干选择性渗透膜,同时利用光能加速化学反应过程,在整个修复过程中有机污染物的矿化作用。利用MMT、g-C3N4和Fe3O4构建了一个具有磁性的刺激响应型仿生微反应器系统。采用Uv-vis-DRS、傅立叶变换红外光谱和光学显微镜对微胶囊的光学和化学性质进行了研究。光学显微镜图像显示微胶囊大小不一,这是由于手持均质机剪切不均匀所致。结果表明,当g-C3N4浓度由4mg/g增加到32mg/g时,单位重量吸附U(Ⅵ)量由109.6mg/g增加到153.54mg/g,g-C3N4浓度是决定U(Ⅵ)去除率的关键。pH5是微胶囊光催化吸附U(Ⅵ)的最佳pH条件,吸附效率为95.7%。在最佳温度条件(323.15K)下,吸附效率为99%。结果表明,MMT/g-C3N4/Fe3O4微胶囊是一种从水溶液中摄取微量U(vⅥ)的理想材料。

关键词：蒙石 g-C3N4 Fe3O4 铀微胶囊光催化

Saporin Conjugated Monoclonal Antibody to the Transcobalamin Receptor TCblR/CD320 Is Effective in Targeting and Destroying Cancer Cells

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第6期4卷 1074-1081页

作者： edward v. Quadros Yasumi Nakayama Jeffrey M. Sequeira Department of Medicine SUNY-Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn USA

Cobalamin uptake into cells is mediated by the CD320 receptor for transcobalamin-bound cobalamin. Optimum receptor expression is associated with proliferating cells and therefore, in many cancers this receptor expression is up regulated. Delivering drugs or toxins via this receptor provides increased targeting to cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to the normal tissues. Saporin conjugated monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular domain of TCblR were effectively internalized to deliver a toxic dose of Saporin to some cancer cell lines propagating in culture. Antibody concentration of 2.5 nM was effective in producing optimum inhibition of cell proliferation. The cytotoxic effect of mAb-Saporin appears to be dictated primarily by the level of receptor expression and therefore normal primary cells expressing low levels of CD320 were spared while tumor cell lines with higher CD320 expression were destroyed. Targeting the pathway for cellular uptake of vitamin B12 via the CD320 receptor with toxin-antibody conjugates appears to be a viable treatment strategy for certain cancers that over expresses this receptor.

关键词： Transcobalamin Receptor CD320 Gene Cobalamin Cancer Toxin

The International Year of Planet Earth 2007-2009 --the triennium begins!

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Episodes 2007年第2期30卷 131-132页

作者： Derbyshire, edward de Mulder, Eduardo Nield, Ted

The International Year of Planet Earth＇s triennial programme was launched is some style, and on three continents, in January 2007. Geoscientists from ＂the round Earth＇s imagined comers＂ gathered for the inaugural meeting of the Board of the International Year of Planet Earth （IYPE） Corporation on 9 and 10 January 2007. The 15 Board Members （Figure 1） were joined by IYPE National Committee representatives, International and Associate Partners, observers and by Professor Aubrey Manning, a Goodwill Ambassador of the IYPE.

关键词：行星地球国际组织 2007年 2009年