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Non-iterative image reconstruction from sparse magnetic resonance imaging radial data without priors

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visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2020年第1期3卷 84-91页

作者： Gengsheng L.Zeng edward v.DiBella Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University of Utah729 Arapeen DriveSalt Lake CityUT 84108USA Department of Engineering Utah Valley University800 West University ParkwayOrem 84058USA

The state-of-the-art approaches for image reconstruction using under-sampled k-space data are compressed sensing *** are iterative algorithms that optimize objective functions with spatial and/or temporal *** paper proposes a non-iterative algorithm to estimate the un-measured data and then to reconstruct the image with the efficient filtered backprojection *** feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated with a patient magnetic resonance imaging *** proposed method is also compared with the state-of-the-art iterative compressed-sensing image reconstruction method using the total-variation optimization norm.

关键词： Tomographic image reconstruction Under-sampled measurements Fast magnetic resonance imaging Analytics reconstruction

Inhibition of M2 tumor-associated macrophages polarization by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a possible liver cancer therapy method

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第40期30卷 4399-4403页

作者： vladislav v Tsukanov Julia L Tonkikh edward v Kasparov Alexander v vasyutin Clinical Department of the Digestive System Pathology of Adults and Children Federal Research Center“Krasnoyarsk Science Center”of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the NorthKrasnoyarsk 660022Russia

The problem of liver cancer is becoming increasingly important due to the epi-demic of metabolic diseases and persistent high alcohol *** deter-mines great attention to the development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis and treatment of liver *** et al presented a study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,in which they showed that the use of the traditional Chinese medicine Calculus bovis(CB)can suppress tumor growth in mice by inhibiting M2 tumor-associated macrophages(TAM)through modulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin *** interaction of CB components with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,M2 TAM polarization,and tumor dynamics were studied using network pharmacology,transcriptomics,and molecular *** is now generally accepted that the polarization of TAM and the differentiation of the functions of M1 and M2 phagocytes are of great importance for the progression of *** is assumed that M2 TAM promote proliferation and migration of tumor *** to medicinally influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in order to modulate phagocyte polarization now belong to one of the most promising areas of immunotherapy of oncological ***,the work of the Chinese authors deserves attention and further development.

关键词： Liver cancer Treatment Calculus bovis Tumor-associated macrophages M2 tumor Macrophage polarization Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Periosteal pseudotumor in complex total knee arthroplasty resembling a neoplastic process

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第5期9卷 72-77页

作者： Madhav Chowdhry Matthew v Dipane edward J McPherson LA Orthopedic Institute

This case report describes in detail an erosive distal diaphyseal pseudotumor that occurred 6 years after a complex endoprosthetic hinge total knee arthroplasty(TKA). A female patient had conversion of a knee fusion to an endoprosthetic hinge TKA at the age of 62. At her scheduled 6-year follow-up, she presented with mild distal thigh pain and radiographs showing a 6-7 cm erosive lytic diaphyseal lesion that looked very suspicious for a neoplastic process. An en bloc resection of the distal femur and femoral endoprosthesis was performed. Histologic review showed the mass to be a pseudotumor with the wear debris emanating from within the femoral canal due to distal stem loosening. We deduce that mechanized stem abrasion created microscopic titanium alloy particles that escaped via a small diaphyseal crack and stimulated an inflammatory response resulting in a periosteal erosive pseudotumor. The main lesson of this report is that, in the face of a joint replacement surgery of the knee, pseudotumor formation is a more likely diagnosis than a neoplastic process when encountering an expanding bony mass. Thus, a biopsy prior to en bloc resection, would be our recommended course of action any time a suspicious mass is encountered close to a TKA.

关键词： Pseudotumor Total knee arthroplasty Metallic wear debris Loose implant

Approach to medical therapy in perianal Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第25期27卷 3693-3704页

作者： Abhinav vasudevan David H Bruining edward v Loftus Jr William Faubion Eric C Ehman Laura Raffals Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Perianal Crohn’s disease remains a challenging condition to treat and can have a substantial negative impact on quality of *** often requires combined surgical and medical ***-tumor necrosis factor(anti-TNF)therapy,including infliximab and adalimumab,remain preferred medical therapies for perianal Crohn’s *** has been shown to be efficacious in improving fistula closure rates in randomized controlled *** can be faced with a number of questions relating to the optimal use of anti-TNF therapy in perianal Crohn’s *** issues include evaluation for the presence of perianal sepsis,the treatment target of therapy,the ideal time to commence treatment,whether additional medical therapy should be used in conjunction with anti-TNF therapy,and the duration of *** article will discuss key studies which can assist clinicians in addressing these matters when they are considering or have already commenced anti-TNF therapy for the treatment of perianal Crohn’s *** will also discuss current evidence regarding the use of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in patients who are failing to achieve a response to anti-TNF therapy for perianal Crohn’s ***,new therapies such as local injection of mesenchymal stem cell therapy will be discussed.

关键词： Fistula Biologics Inflammatory bowel disease Surgery Stem cells Infliximab Ustekinumab

Energy Spectrum of Turbulent velocity Pulsations at Arbitrary values of Fluid viscosity

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第10期11卷 1502-1513页

作者： edward v. Teodorovich Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The problem of calculating the energy spectrum of turbulent velocity pulsations in the case of homogeneous isotropic and stationary turbulence is considered. The domain of turbulent energy production is treated as “a black box” on which boundary the spectral energy flux is given. It is assumed that the spectrum is formatted due to intermodal interactions being local in the wave-number space that leads to a cascade mechanism of energy transfer along the wave-number spectrum and the possibility of using the renormalization-group method related to the Markovian features of the process under consideration. The obtained formula for energy spectrum is valid in a wide wave-number range and at arbitrary values of fluid viscosity. It is shown that in functional formulation of the statistical theory of turbulence, the procedure of separating local intermodal interactions, which govern energy transfer (straining effect), and filtering out nonlocal interactions, which have no influence on energy transfer (sweeping effect), is directly described without providing additional arguments or conjectures commonly used in the renormalization-group analysis of turbulent spectra.

关键词： Spectral Flux Spectral Energy Density Local and Nonlocal Interactions Inertial Term Renormalization-Group Invariance Epsilon-Expansion Procedure

A non-toxic approach for treatment of breast cancer and its metastases: capecitabine enhanced photodynamic therapy in a murine breast tumor model

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第1期4卷 82-95页

作者： Sanjay Anand Anton Yasinchak Taylor Bullock Mukul Govande edward v.Maytin Department of Biomedical Engineering Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA Institute of Plastic Surgery and Dermatology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA

Aim: Breast cancer (BCA) in women is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity;distant metastases occur in ~40% of cases. Here, as an alternative to ionizing radiation therapy and chemotherapy and their associated side effects, we explored a new combination approach using capecitabine (CPBN) and aminolevulinate-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). We had previously developed a combination PDT approach in which 5-fluorouracil (5FU), a differentiation-promoting agent, increases the levels of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in cancer cells when given as a neoadjuvant prior to aminolevulinic acid (ALA). However, 5FU can be toxic when administered systemically at high levels. We reasoned that CPBN, a known chemotherapeutic for BCA and less toxic than 5FU (because CPBN is metabolized to 5FU specifically within tumor tissues), might work equally well as a PDT neoadjuvant. Methods: Murine 4T1 BCA cells harboring a luciferase transgene were injected into breast fat pads of female nude mice. CPBN (600 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage for 3 days followed by intraperitoneal ALA administration and PDT with red light (633 nm) on day 4. Tumor growth and regression were monitored in vivo using bioluminescence imaging. Histological changes in primary tumors and metastases were assessed by immunohistochemistry after necropsy. ;Results: CPBN pretreatment of 4T1 tumors increased cellular differentiation, reduced proliferation, raised PpIX levels, enhanced tumor cell death, and reduced metastatic spread of 4T1 cells post-PDT, relative to vehicle-only controls. Conclusion: The use of CPBN as a non-toxic PDT neoadjuvant for treatment of BCA represents a novel approach with significant potential for translation into the clinic.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy protoporphyrin IX aminolevulinic acid breast cancer metastasis cell death 4T1 in vivo imaging system

On One Possibility of Closuring the Chain of Equations for Statistical Moments in Turbulence Theory

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第1期4卷 56-63页

作者： edward v. Teodorovich The Institute for Problems in Mechanics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The paper concerns the problem on statistical description of the turbulent velocity pulsations by using the method of characteristic functional. The equations for velocity covariance and Green’s function, which describes an average velocity response to external force action, have been obtained. For the nonlinear term in the equation for velocity covariance, it has been obtained an exact representation in the form of two terms, which can be treated as describing a momentum transport due to turbulent viscosity and action of effective random forces (within the framework of traditional phenomenological description, the turbulent viscosity is only accounted for). Using a low perturbation theory approximation for high statistical moments, a scheme of closuring the chain of equations for statistical moments is proposed. As the result, we come to a closed set of equations for velocity covariance and Green’s function, the solution to which corresponds to summing up a certain infinite subsequence of total perturbation series.

关键词： Random velocity Field Statistical Description Characteristic Functional Chain of Equations for Moments Problem of Closuring

Esophageal cancer management controversies: Radiation oncology point of view

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第8期6卷 263-274页

作者： Patricia Tai edward Yu Department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Allan Blair Cancer Center University of SaskatchewanRegina SK S4T 7T1 Canada Department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Western University London ON N6A 4L6 Canada

Esophageal cancer treatment has evolved from single modality to trimodality *** are some controversies of the role,target volumes and dose of radiotherapy(RT)in the literature over *** present review focuses primarily on RT as part of the treatment modalities,and highlight on the RT volume and its dose in the management of esophageal *** randomized adjuvant chemoradiation(CRT)trial,intergroup trial(INT 0116)enrolled 559 patients with resected adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal *** were randomly assigned to surgery plus postoperative CRT or surgery *** show robust treatment benefit of adjuvant CRT in most subsets for postoperative *** Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study(CROSS)used a lower RT dose of41.4 Gray in 23 fractions with newer chemotherapeutic agents carboplatin and paclitaxel to achieve an excellent *** volume of external beam radiation therapy and its coverage have been in debate for years among radiation ***-operative and postoperative target volumes are designed to optimize for disease *** brachytherapy is effective in the palliation of dysphagia,but should not be given concomitantly with chemotherapy or external beam *** role of brachytherapy in multimodality management requires further ***-going studies of multidisciplinary treatment in locally advanced cancer include:ZTOG1201 trial(a phaseⅡtrial of neoadjuvant and adjuvant CRT)and QUINTETT(a phaseⅢtrial of neoadjuvant vs adjuvant therapy with quality of life analysis).These trials hopefully will shed more light on the future management of esophageal cancer.

关键词： Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Esophagus Cancer Treatment

Blast waveform tailoring using controlled venting in blast simulators and shock tubes

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 14-26页

作者： edward Chern Jinn Gan Alex Remennikov David Ritzel Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia Dyn-FX Consulting Ltd 19 Laird Ave NorthAmherstburgONN9V 2T5Canada

A critical challenge of any blast simulation facility is in producing the widest possible pressure-impulse range for matching against equivalent high-explosive *** tubes and blast simulators are often constrained with the lack of effective ways to control blast wave profiles and as a result have a limited performance *** wave shaping techniques employed in some facilities are reviewed but often necessitate extensive geometric modifications,inadvertently cause flow anomalies,and/or are only applicable under very specific *** paper investigates controlled venting as an expedient way for waveforms to be tuned without requiring extensive modifications to the driver or existing geometry and could be widely applied by existing and future blast simulation and shock tube *** use of controlled venting is demonstrated experimentally using the Advanced Blast Simulator(shock tube)at the Australian National Facility of Physical Blast Simulation and via numerical flow simulations with Computational Fluid *** venting is determined as an effective method for mitigating the impact of re-reflected waves within the blast *** control method also allows for the adjustment of parameters such as tuning the peak overpressure,the positive phase duration,and modifying the magnitude of the negative phase and the secondary shock of the blast *** paper is concluded with an illustration of the potential expanded performance range of the Australian blast simulation facility when controlled venting for blast waveform tailoring as presented in this paper is applied.

关键词： Advanced blast simulator Shock wave propagation Far-field explosion Blast loads Blast waves Computational fluid dynamics