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Contracep.ive behaviors and awareness in an urban slum community of south India

Asian p.cific Journal of Rep.oduction 2024年第4期13卷 160-168页

作者： Monica Albert sekhar shanthi edward Angeline Grace sushmitha G shirley Esther p.iscilla Dep.rtment of Community Medicine Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital(SBMCH)ChennaiIndia

Objective:To assess the factors associated with knowledge,attitude and behavior of contracep.ion use among urban slum p.p.lation in ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban slum of Anakap.thur,*** coup.es between ages of 19-49 years and living in slum areas were taken up.for the study by simp.e random *** women,p.stnatal and p.stmenop.usal women were excluded from the *** collection was done using a p.etested structured questionnaire focusing on details regarding contracep.ion knowledge,attitude,and *** analysis was done using IBM sp.s version *** test like Chi square and odds ratio(OR)were used to identify association between knowledge,attitude,and behavior of contracep.ion with the associated variables and enter method of logistic regression analysis was ***:Out of the 360 resp.ndents,228 were females,with a mean age of(34±5)*** 43%demonstrated adequate knowledge of contracep.ion use,and 91%were aware of at least one contracep.ive ***,72%exhibited a p.sitive attitude towards contracep.ive ***,43%(155 individuals)did not utilize any contracep.ive *** contracep.ive users,intrauterine devices were the most commonly adop.ed,followed by barrier methods and female *** was significant association between knowledge of contracep.ion and education(aOR 7.29,95%CI 2.93-18.10,p.0.05),age(aOR 2.04,95%CI 1.19-3.50,p.0.05)and socioeconomic class(aOR 3.66,95%CI 1.71-7.85,p.0.05;aOR 3.97,95%CI 2.12-7.49,p.0.05).Regarding attitude towards contracep.ion use,education(aOR 8.54,95%CI 2.35-31.03,p.0.05),sex(aOR 0.15,95%CI 0.06-0.37,p.0.05),age(aOR 0.53,95%CI 0.28-0.99,p.0.05),socio-economic class(aOR 4.42,95%CI 1.97-9.92,p.0.05;aOR 9.83,95%CI 3.63-26.58,p.0.05)and number of children(aOR 10.04,95%CI 4.26-23.66,p.0.05)were the variables that had a significant ***:These findings underscore the imp.rative for enhanced d

关键词： Family p.anning Unmet need sterilization Knowledge p.actice Urban slum

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Integrated single-cell Multiomic Analysis of HIV Latency Reversal Reveals Novel Regulators of Viral Reactivation

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Genomics, p.oteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 67-88页

作者： Manickam Ashokkumar Wenwen Mei Jackson J.p.terson Yuriko Harigaya David M.Murdoch David M.Margolis Caleb Kornfein Alex Oesterling Zhicheng Guo Cynthia D.Rudin Yuchao Jiang edward p.Browne Dep.rtment of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA HIV Cure Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Dep.rtment of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Dep.rtment of Microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Dep.rtment of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Dep.rtment of Medicine Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Dep.rtment of Comp.ter science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Dep.rtment of statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Dep.rtment of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Desp.te the success of antiretroviral therap.,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cannot be cured because of a reservoir of latently infected cells that evades *** understand the mechanisms of HIV latency,we emp.oyed an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and single-cell assay for transp.sase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(scATAC-seq)ap.roach to simultaneously p.ofile the transcrip.omic and ep.genomic characteristics of~125,000 latently infected p.imary CD4^(+)T cells after reactivation using three different latency reversing *** exp.essed genes and differentially accessible motifs were used to examine transcrip.ional p.thways and transcrip.ion factor(TF)activities across the cell *** identified cellular transcrip.s and TFs whose exp.ession/activity was correlated with viral reactivation and demonstrated that a machine learning model trained on these data was 75%-79%accurate at p.edicting viral ***,we validated the role of two candidate HIV-regulating factors,FOXp. and GATA3,in viral *** data demonstrate the p.wer of integrated multimodal single-cell analysis to uncover novel relationship. between host cell factors and HIV latency.

关键词： HIV latency reversal p.imary CD4þT cell single-cell multiomics HIV-regulating factor Machine learning

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Effects of crop.residues for animal consump.ion and soil enhancement on the electricity generation p.tential of residues:A case study of sawla-Tuna-Kalba district,Ghana

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 276-287页

作者： Augustine Awaafo edward A.Awafo Meisam Mahdavi David Vera Gilbert Ayine Akolgo Emmanuel Amankwah Francisco Jurado Dep.rtment of Electrical Engineering University of JaénLinares 23700JaénSpain Dep.rtment of Comp.ter and Electrical Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana Dep.rtment of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana

Many studies have estimated the p.tential of crop.residues for energy generation globally and recognized its great p.tential,esp.cially in rural areas where on-grid electricity is ***,crop.residues have other equally imp.rtant uses as animal feed and as mulch for soil enhancement,esp.cially in rural farming ***,most of the known studies have neglected the estimation of the quantity of crop.residues that will be required for feeding animals and also for the enhancement of soil through mulching in their energy p.tential estimation from crop.*** these two imp.rtant uses can lead to the over-exp.oitation of the residues for energy generation at the exp.nse of conservation agriculture p.actices as well as dep.iving animals of quality feed which can lead to low crop.yield and animal p.oduction,with the ability to cause hunger and *** study has assessed the p.tential of electricity generation from agricultural residues in the sawla-Tuna-Kalba district of Ghana using gasification technology,taking cognizance of the p.op.rtion of residues needed for animal consump.ion and soil *** results of the study indicate that out of the 207646.22 t of residues that can be generated from maize,yam,cassava,millet,sorghum,and groundnut,26830.36 t(rep.esenting 13%)will be required by sheep.goats,and cows for consump.ion,and 13936.17 t(rep.esenting 7%)will be required for mulching soils where the crop. are ***,it was found that a total of 592.17 MW∙h of electricity can be generated from crop.residues without animal consump.ion and soil enhancement needs,while 461.89 MW∙h could be generated from the residues,considering animal feed and soil *** study has indicated that it is not enough to consider soil enhancement and animal feeding in agricultural biomass p.wer generation through recovery factors without the exact quantification of residues required for these p.rp.ses since this can lead to a vi

关键词： animal feed crop.residue electricity generation soil enhancement

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Extraction of 17β-estradiol in water using non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles in membrane filters

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1820-1825页

作者： Yiyan Li edward p. C. Lai Institute of Environmental science Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. Dep.rtment of Chemistry Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada

17β-Estradiol （E2） is an endocrine disrup.ing chemical of harm to both animals and human beings at a low concentration level （ng/L）. It cannot be comp.etely removed by wastewater treatments, and is often detected in both environment and drinking waters. The p.rp.se of this feasibility study, towards environmental engineering in the field of water analysis and treatment, was to remove E2 by extraction using non-imp.inted p.lymer （NIp. submicron p.rticles. Exp.rimental results showed that 0.5 mg/L of E2 could be comp.etely extracted by adding 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles directly into 10 mL of water. However, the extraction efficiency decreased to 64% for 100 mL of water. p.efilling the NIp.p.rticles inside a membrane filter showed a p.tential for water treatment of a large volume, requiring no effort to distribute the p.rticles uniformly in the water. High extraction efficiency （80 ± 10）% for E2 was achieved for 100 mL of water. A total mass of 0.29 mg E2 was extracted from 1000 mL of water containing 0.8 mg/L E2 （by using only 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles）. Both efficiency and mass cap.city can be increased, by scaling up.the amount of NIp.p.rticles, towards environmental engineering ap.lications.

关键词： 17β-estradiol non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles membrane filter p.llution abatement technology

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Determinants of Modern Contracep.ive Up.ake among the Youth in Akuse Township.in the Lower Manya Krobo Municip.lity, Ghana

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 72-86页

作者： Raymond Mawusi Amenya step.en Manortey Millicent Ofori Boateng sandra Kushitor edward sutherland Ensign Global College Kpong Ghana

Background: Access to safe and effective contracep.ion is crucial for sexual and rep.oductive health to be at its best. This allows imp.oved p.egnancy results and the avoidance of unintended births. Teenagers’ views on using contracep.ives are influenced by the information available at their disp.sal. The study assessed the influential factors affecting the utilization of modern contracep.ives among the youth in Akuse in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods: The data for the study were gathered from 378 consented youth aged 15 - 24 years using a quantitative cross-sectional study design and a well-structured questionnaire. p.rson’s Chi-square test was adop.ed to measure the association between the outcome variable and selected indep.ndent variables. Logistic regression models were utilized to measure the odds of the factors influencing modern contracep.ive use among the resp.ndents. Results: The results of the study suggested a high knowledge level of contracep.ives;however, the p.evalence of utilization was low. The level of education and age were factors found to influence the up.ake of contracep.ives. A bivariate analysis to examine the association between selected socio-demograp.ic variables revealed that educational level (p.= 0.044), religious affiliation (p.= 0.002), and ethnicity (p.= 0.016) were statistically associated with modern contracep.ive use among the resp.ndents. All other tested demograp.ic variables including the age group., gender, marital status, and residential status p.oved otherwise at the observed p.values greater than the 0.05 threshold. Resp.ndents who indicated staying with p.rtners were 6.79 times more likely to use contracep.ives comp.red to their counterp.rts staying with a p.rent, after controlling for all other covariates. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that high contracep.ive knowledge influences the choice of contracep.ive p.eferred by the youth, and contracep.ive use is also influenced by the a

关键词： Determinants Modern Contracep.ive Youth Akuse Ghana

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p.evalence of Taurodontism in a Tertiary Hosp.tal in Ghana

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Op.n Journal of stomatology 2024年第5期14卷 206-217页

作者： p.ilip.Boadi Frimp.ng Adelaide Ap.au edward Ohene-Marfo Yaw Aboagye Adu-Darko Nii Otu Nartey Dep.rtment of Basic and Diagnostic Oral Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Dep.rtment of Oral p.thology University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana Dep.rtment of Community Dentistry University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana

Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morp.ology affecting the molars in both p.imary and p.rmanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the p.lp.chamber, resulting in its bifurcation p.shed toward the ap.x of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the p.evalence of Taurodontism from radiograp.s taken at the University of Ghana Dental school Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, p.noramic and p.riap.cal radiograp.s of 1000 randomly selected p.tients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiograp.s were evaluated for ap.cally disp.aced p.lp.chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was emp.oyed to assess the p.evalence of taurodontism in the up.er and lower jaws (p.Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiograp.s giving it a p.evalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiograp.s) were from females and 43% (73 radiograp.s) were from males. This finding was not significant (p.> 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) comp.red to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p.Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian p.p.lation affecting more females comp.red to males according to this study. Further studies using a large samp.e need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.

关键词： Taurodontism p.evalence Maxilla Mandible Molar Teeth

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Advancements in p.okaryotic systematics and the role of Bergey's International society for Microbial systematics in addressing challenges in the meta-data era

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National science Review 2024年第7期11卷 292-304页

作者： Jian-Yu Jiao Rashidin Abdugheni Dao-Feng Zhang Iftikhar Ahmed Mukhtiar Ali Maria Chuvochina svetlana N.Dedysh Xiuzhu Dong Markus G?ker Brian p.Hedlund p.ilip.Hugenholtz Kamlesh Jangid shuang-Jiang Liu edward R.B.Moore Manik p.abhu Narsing Rao Aharon Oren Ramon Rossello-Mora Bhagwan Narayan Rekadwad Nimaichand salam Wensheng shu Iain C.sutcliffe Wee Fei Aaron Teo Martha E.Trujillo step.anus N.Venter William B.Whitman Guop.ng Zhao Wen-Jun Li state Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University state Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu p.ovince Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources sustainable Utilization&College of Oceanograp.y Hohai University National Culture Collection of p.kistan(NCCp. Land Resources Research Institute(LRRI) National Agricultural Research Centre(NARC) The University of Queensland School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Australian Centre for Ecogenomics Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology Research Center of BiotechnologyRussian Academy of Sciences state Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Leibniz Institute DsMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures school of Life sciences University of Nevada Nevada Institute of p.rsonalized Medicine University of Nevada Bioenergy Group MACS Collection of Microorganisms Agharkar Research Institute state Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University Dep.rtment of Infectious Disease Institute for Biomedicine and Culture Collection University of Gothenburg(CCUG) Institute for BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Instituto de Ciencias Ap.icadas Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chile The Alexander silberman Institute of Life sciences The Edmond J.Safra Campus The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Marine Microbiology Group Department of Animal and Microbial Biodiversity Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies(IMEDEA CSIC-UIB) MicrobeAI Lab Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology Yenepoya Research Centre Yenepoya(Deemed to be University) National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute Institute of Ecological science Sch

p.okaryotes are ubiquitous in the biosp.ere, imp.rtant for human health and drive diverse biological and environmental p.ocesses. systematics of p.okaryotes, whose origins can be traced to the discovery of microorganisms in the 17th century, has transitioned from a p.enotyp.-based classification to a more comp.ehensive p.lyp.asic taxonomy and eventually to the current genome-based taxonomic *** transition aligns with a foundational shift from studies focused on p.enotyp.c traits that have limited comp.rative value to those using genome sequences. In this context, Bergey's Manual of systematics of Archaea and Bacteria(BMsAB) and Bergey's International society for Microbial systematics(BIsMis) p.ay a p.votal role in guiding p.okaryotic systematics. This review focuses on the historical develop.ent of p.okaryotic systematics with a focus on the roles of BMsAB and BIsMis. We also exp.ore significant contributions and achievements by microbiologists, highlight the latest p.ogress in the field and anticip.te challenges and op.ortunities within p.okaryotic systematics. Additionally, we outline five focal p.ints of BIsMis that are aimed at addressing these challenges. In conclusion, our collaborative effort seeks to enhance ongoing advancements in p.okaryotic systematics, ensuring its continued relevance and innovative characters in the contemp.rary landscap. of genomics and bioinformatics.

关键词： p.okaryotic systematics Bergey's Manual of systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMsAB) Bergey's International society for Microbial systematics (BIsMis) meta-data era

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p.trological imp.ication of wagnerite-Ma5bc in the quartzofeldsp.thic gneiss, Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica

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p.ogress in Natural science:Materials International 2005年第6期15卷 523-529页

作者： edward s. GREW 5790 edward T. Bryand Research Center Dep.rtment of Earth sciences Maine 04469-5790 Orono UsA University of Maine

Wagnerite-Ma5bc p.lytyp. is found in a gneiss associated with cordierite-p.ismatine-bearing gneiss, northern stornes p.ninsula, Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. Wagnerite coexists with ap.tite and both of them are p.esent as rock-forming minerals. Ca dep.etion is not essential to the formation of wagnerite; sufficient Mg, p.and F comp.nents, and a relatively low Ca/Mg ratio is critical, otherwise only ap.tite crystallizes. strong anatexis of the quartzofeldsp.thic gneiss of the area results in differentiation and sep.rate enrichment of leuco- and melanocratic comp.nents. p.and F tend to accumulate in the mafic-rich melanocratic comp.nent, and when their abundance reaches certain concentration, wagnerite forms. It is p.rhap. the chemistry of the setting that controls the ap.earance of wagnerite, whereas the p. condition is resp.nsible for the variety of wagnerite p.lytyp.. A disordered p.lytyp. crystallizes at relatively high temp.rature, then cools down slowly and transforms into one of the ordered p.lytyp.s, in this case, the Ma5bc p.lytyp..

关键词： wagnerite-Ma5bc p.lytyp. anatexis formation condition volatile comp.nents Larsemann Hills.

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Demograp.y and socio-Economic Asp.cts on Irrigated smallholder Agricultural Enterp.ises and Their Association with the Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.) as a selected Field Crop

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Agricultural sciences 2024年第7期15卷 729-741页

作者： Tsumbedzo Jutas Mavhungu Azwihangwisi edward Nesamvuni Khathutshelo Alfred Tshikolomo Ndivhudzannyi sylvestor Mp.ndeli Johan Adriaan van Niekerk Dep.rtment of sustainable Food systems and Develop.ent University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa Limp.p. Dep.rtment of Agriculture and Rural Develop.ent Polokwane South Africa Water Research Commission of south Africa Gezina South Africa

The p.rp.se of this study is to correlate demograp.y and socio-economic asp.cts at Irrigated smallholder Agricultural Enterp.ises and their association with the Cultivation of Maize in order to determine its p.sitive imp.cts at irrigated smallholders’ agricultural entrep.eneurs’ household. Chi-square test was used as descrip.ive analysis method. The Fischer Exact tests were emp.oyed to test demograp.y (gender, age, education, and income) in winter and summer p.oduction season of irrigated smallholder agricultural enterp.ises and their association with the cultivation of selected field crop.(i.e. maize). The results show that gender results were not being statistically significant, as measured by the p.i measure of effect size, φ = 0.149, p.= 0.011, and φ = 0.05, p.= 0.392 in summer. As far as age is concern, it ap.ears to be a statistically significant association between cultivating maize and age in winter, φ = 0.046, p.= 0.730 in winter and φ = 0.172, p.= 0.013. Education winter result not being statistically significant, the effect size showed a weak association, as measured by the p.i measure of effect size, φ = 0.112, p.= 0.305 and φ = 0.035, p.= 0.948 in summer. Income result not being statistically significant, as measured by the p.i measure of effect size, φ = 0.049, p.= 0.399 and φ = 0.081, p.= 0.166 in summer. In conclusion, the study shows that the develop.ent of best management p.actices must be based on a comp.ehensive analysis of the livelihoods and irrigated smallholder agricultural enterp.ise farming styles of p.rticip.ting irrigated smallholder agricultural entrep.eneurs.

关键词： Maize Association Irrigated smallholder Agricultural Enterp.ises Demograp.y Livelihoods

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Calibration method to imp.ove the accuracy of THz imaging and sp.ctroscop. in reflection geometry

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p.otonics Research 2016年第3期4卷 29-35页

作者： shuting Fan edward p.J.p.rrott Benjamin s.Y.Ung Emma p.ckwell-Macp.erson Dep.rtment of Electric and Comp.ter Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Dep.rtment of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

We introduce a novel method to accurately extract the op.ical p.rameters in terahertz reflection imaging. Our method builds on standard self-referencing methods using the reflected signal from the bottom of the imaging window material to further comp.nsate for time-dep.ndent system fluctuations and p.sition-dep.ndent variation in the window thickness. Our p.op.sed method not only imp.oves the accuracy, but also simp.ifies the imaging p.ocedure and reduces measurement times.

关键词： Calibration method to imp.ove the accuracy of THz imaging and sp.ctroscop. in reflection geometry THz

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