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The Process and Benefits of Developing Prototype Climate Services——examples in China

Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第5期34卷 893-903页

作者： Chris D.HeWITT Nicola GOLDING Peiqun ZHANG Tyrone DUNBAR Philip e.BeTT Joanne CAMP Timothy D.MITCHeLL edward POPe Met Office Exeter EX 13PBUK University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba QLD 4350Australia Beijing Climate Center/National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Changes in climate pose major challenges to society, and so decision-makers need actionable climate information to inform their planning and policies to make society more resilient to climatic changes. Climate services are being developed to provide such actionable climate information. The successful development and use of climate services benefits greatly from close engagement between developers, providers, and users of the services. The Climate Science for Service Partnership China(CSSP China) is a China–UK collaboration fostering closer engagement between climate scientists, providers of climate services, and users of climate services. We describe the process within CSSP China of co-developing climate services through trials with users to revise and improve a prototype. examples are provided covering various scientific capabilities, user needs, and parts of China. The development process is yielding many benefits, such as increasing the engagement between providers and users, making users more aware of how climate information can be of use in their decision-making, giving the climate service providers a better understanding of the users’ requirements for climate information, and shaping future scientific research and development. In addition to the benefits, we also document some challenges that have emerged, along with ways of alleviating them. We have two key recommendations from our experiences: make the time and space for effective engagement between the users and developers of any climate service;bring the needs of the users in to the design and delivery of the climate service as early as possible and throughout the development cycle.

关键词： climate services prototypes user engagement

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Use of sub-micron sized resin particles for removal of endocrine disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals from water and wastewater

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 256-264页

作者： Audrey Murray Banu rmeci edward P.C.Lai Department of Civil and environmental engineering Carleton University Department of Chemistry Carleton University

endocrine disrupting compounds（eDCs） and pharmaceuticals pose a challenge for water and wastewater treatment because they exist at very low concentrations in the presence of substances at much higher concentrations competing for adsorption ***-micron sized resin particles（approximately 300 nm in diameter）（SMR） were tested to evaluate their potential as a treatment for eDCs including：17-β estradiol（e2）,17-α ethinylestradiol（ee2）,estrone（e1）,bisphenol A（BPA）,and diethylstilbestrol（DeS） as well as 12 *** were able to remove 98%of spiked e2,80%of ee2,87%of BPA,and up to 97%of DeS from *** a 0.5 ppm mixture of e2,ee2,e1,BPA and DeS,the minimum removal was24%（e2） and the maximum was 49%（DeS）.They were also able to remove the pharmaceuticals from deionized water and ***,SMR are a promising advanced treatment for removal of both eDCs and pharmaceuticals.

关键词： Water treatment Wastewater treatment Pharmaceuticals endocrine disrupting compounds Micropollutants Adsorption

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Prospect evaluation of Low-GWP Refrigerants R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)Used in Solar-Driven ejector-Vapor Compression Hybrid Refrigeration System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第5期30卷 1572-1580页

作者： WANG Xuehui YAN Yuying WRIGHT edward HAO Xinyue GAO Neng Fluids and Thermal engineering Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Ningbo Institute of Technology Zhejiang UniversityNingbo315100China Research Centre for Fluids and Thermal engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China

In this paper,the entrainment ratio,pump work,heat loads of heat exchangers and COPthermal were theoretically evaluated for a solar-driven ejector-vapor compression hybrid refrigeration system with R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)as the working *** evaluation of the utilization potentials of R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)was presented by comparing the system performance with that of R245fa,a commonly used refrigerant in the ejector *** results indicated that the systems with R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)had a higher entrainment ratio and lower pump *** pump works when using R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)can be up to 14.59%and 38.05%lower than those of R245fa,***,the system showed the highest COPthermal utilizing R1233zd(e)followed by that of R245fa,with the R1336mzz(Z)system having the lowest *** differences between R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)systems,R1233zd(e)and R245fa systems were 4.33%and 2.0%,*** paper was expected to provide a good reference for the utilizing prospect of R1233zd(e)and R1336mzz(Z)in ejector refrigeration systems.

关键词： low GWP alternative refrigerants ejector R1233zd(e) R1336mzz(Z)

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Hazards from lakes and reservoirs: new interpretation of the Vaiont disaster

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1717-1737页

作者： Alan P.DYKeS edward N.BROMHeAD Centre for engineering Environment and Society ResearchSchool of Engineering and the EnvironmentKingston UniversityPenrhyn RoadKingston upon ThamesKTi 2EEUK

Hazards in reservoirs and lakes arising from subaerial landslides causing impact waves(or ‘lake tsunamis’) are now well known, with several recent examples having been investigated in detail. The potential scale of such hazards was not widely known at the time of the Vaiont dam project in the 1950s and early 1960s, although a small wave triggered by a landslide at another new reservoir nearby in the Dolomites(northern Italy) drew the possible hazard to the attention of the Vaiont project’s managers. The Vaiont disaster in 1963 arose from a combination of disparate and seemingly unrelated factors and circumstances that led to an occurrence that could not have been imagined at that time. The ultimate cause was a very large landslide moving very rapidly into a reservoir and displacing the water. The resulting wave overtopped the dam to a height of around 175 m and around 2000 people were killed. This paper identifies and examines all of the issues surrounding the Vaiont dam and landslide in order to identify causal factors, contributory factors(including aggravating factors) and underlying factors. In doing so, it demonstrates that the disaster arose from the Vaiont dam project and cannot be attributed simply to the landslide. Underlying geological factors gave rise to the high speed of the landslide, which would have occurred anyway at some time. However, without the contributory factors that account for the presence of the reservoir, i.e. the choice of location for the project and management of the project with respect to a possible landslide hazard, there would have been no disaster. Indeed, the disaster could have been avoided if the reservoir could have been emptied pending further ground investigations. Understanding of this case provides many lessons for future dam projects in mountainous locations but also highlights an ongoing and perhaps under-appreciated risk from similar events involving other water bodies including geologically recent lakes formed behind n

关键词： Vaiont landslide Impulse wave Lake tsunami Dam project Causal factors for disaster

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Arabinosylation of a Yariv-Precipitable Cell Wall Polymer Impacts Plant Growth as exemplified by the Arabidopsis Glycosyltransferase Mutant ray1

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1369-1372页

作者： Sascha Gille Vaishali Sharma edward e.K. Baidoo Jay D. Keasling Henrik Vibe Scheller Markus Pauly energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Joint Bioenergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Physical Biosciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Dear editor, Plant cells are encased by cell walls--rigid yet highly dynamic composite structures, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectic polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and the polyphenol lignin （Somerville et al., 2004）. Biosynthesis of the wall polysaccharides is facilitated by donor- and acceptor- substrate-specific glycosyltransferases catalyzing the transfer of the sugar moiety from a nucleotide sugar to form a specific glycosidic linkage. Glycosyltransferases have been grouped into families based on primary structure, one of which is fam- ily GT77 （***/GT77_***）.

关键词： Yariv-Precipitable exemplified Arabidopsis Glycosyltransferase

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Characterizing motor impulsivity of individuals classified as overweight to obese

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 314-318页

作者： Kyle D.Flack Robert e.Anderson iii Kylie F.McFee Bridgette T.Day Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition College of AgricultureUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Deficits in the impulse control system are an important predictor of energy intake and body *** classified as overweight to obese may possess these deficits as a general behavioral trait or they may be food*** present study assessed motor impulsivity(ability to suppress a pre-potent response)when presented with food and neutral(non-food)cues,testing if deficits in motor impulsivity is specific to food cues or a general trait among participants classified as overweight to *** proportion of inhibitory failures to no-go targets following food cues(10.8%)was significantly greater than the proportion of inhibitory failures to no-go targets following neutral cues(1.9%,pese differences remained when covering for sex and *** indicates deficits in food-specific impulse control(as opposed to general impulse control)are present in those classified as overweight to *** the specific aspect of impulse control that is present in this population is needed for the development of future impulse control training interventions that seek to change eating behaviors as a means for weight control.

关键词： Impulsivity Inhibitory control Impulse control Response inhibition Food cues Obesity Go/NoGo task

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Debaryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth,modulates microbiota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 253-276页

作者： Ignasi Sanahuja Alberto Ruiz Joana P.Firmino Felipe e.Reyes-López Juan B.Ortiz-Delgado eva Vallejos-Vidal Lluis Tort Dariel Tovar-Ramírez Isabel M.Cerezo Miguel A.Moriñigo Carmen Sarasquete enric Gisbert Aquaculture Program Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology(IRTA)La Rapita 43540Spain Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucia(ICMAN-CSIC) Avda.Republica Saharaui no 2Campus Universitario Rio San PedroPuerto RealCadiz 11510Spain Nucleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y AgronomiaUniversidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Department of Cell Biology Physiologyand ImmunologyUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste SC CIBNORLa PazMexico Department of Microbiology Instituto de Biotecnologia Y Desarrollo Azul(IBYDA)Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Malaga29010 MalagaSpain SCBI Bioinformatic UnitUniversity of Malaga29590 MalagaSpain

Background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed *** hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microbiota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive *** provide inside into the effects of *** on juveniles of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microbiota state,and its transcriptomic *** After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of ***(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was observed together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented *** terms of intestinal condition,this probiotic modu-lated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet *** in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic *** microarrays-based transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of ***,that were mostly related to metabolic,antioxidant,immune,and symbiotic *** Dietary administration of *** enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools *** probiotic ye

关键词： Debaryomyces hansenii Intestine condition Low fish meal diet Microbiota Transcriptomics Yeast probiotic

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夏洛的网(三)

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疯狂英语（初中天地） 2024年第4期 54-56页

作者： e.B.White 不详

作为一只猪,威尔伯似乎只能接受任人宰割的命运了,但夏洛却承诺要救威尔伯。这是一场关于信任、勇气、拯救与自我拯救的对话,一起读读吧!

关键词：威尔伯自我拯救夏洛的网读读

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Carbon Supply and the Regulation of Cell Wa Synthesis

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Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 75-94页

作者： Jana Verbancic John edward Lunn Mark Stitt Staffan Persson Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany School of Biosciences University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia

All plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall that determines the directionality of cell growth and protects the cell against its environment. Plant cell walls are comprised primarily of polysaccharides and represent the largest sink for photosynthetically fixed carbon, both for individual plants and in the terrestrial biosphere as a whole. Cell wall synthesis is a highly sophisticated process, involving multiple enzymes and metabolic intermediates, intracellular trafficking of proteins and cell wall precursors, assembly of cell wall polymers into the extracellular matrix, remodeling of polymers and their interactions, and recycling of cell wall sugars. In this review we discuss how newly fixed carbon, in the form of UDP-glucose and other nucleotide sugars, contributes to the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides, and how cell wall synthesis is influenced by the carbon status of the plant, with a focus on the model species Arabidopsis （Arabidopsis thaliana）.

关键词： carbon availability cell walls nucleotide sugars sucrose synthase

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Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María e.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBeRNeD) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

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