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The SARS-CoV-2 spike L452R-E484Q variant in the Indian B.1.617 strain showed significant reduction in the neutralization activity of immune sera

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2021年第3期4卷 149-154页

作者： Gen Li Zhongcheng Zhou Peng du Meixing Yu Ning Li Xinxin Xiong Hong Huang Zhihai Liu Qinjin dai Jie Zhu Chengbin Guo ShanyunWu daniel T.Baptista-Hon Man Miao LamWai Ming Yong Wu Fanxin Zeng Charlotte L.zhang edward d.zhang Haifeng Song Jianghai Liu Johnson Yiu-Nam Lau Andy P.Xiang Kang zhang Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510620China University Hospital and Center for Biomedicine and Innovations Faculty of MedicineMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 030027China Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China department of Clinical Research Center Dazhou Central HospitalDazhou 635099China department of Bioinformatics and AI Bioland LaboratoryGuangzhou 510000China ABLINK Biotech Co. Chengdu 610000China department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong 610051China Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue EngineeringMinistry of EducationSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China

To assess the impact of the key non-synonymous amino acid substitutions in the RBd of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617.1(dominant variant identified in the current India outbreak)on the infectivity and neutralization activities of the immune sera,L452R and E484Q(L452R-E484Q variant),pseudotyped virus was constructed(with the d614G background).The impact on binding with the neutralizing antibodies was also assessed with an ELISA *** virus carrying a L452R-E484Q variant showed a comparable infectivity compared with ***,there was a significant reduction in the neutralization activity of the immune sera from non-human primates vaccinated with a recombinant receptor binding domain(RBd)protein,convalescent patients,and healthy vaccinees vaccinated with anmRNA *** addition,there was a reduction in binding of L452R-E484Q-d614G protein to the antibodies of theimmune sera fromvaccinated nonhuman *** results highlight the interplay between infectivity and other biologic factors involved in the natural evolution of *** neutralization activities against the L452R-E484Q variant will have an impact on health authority planning and implications for the vaccination strategy/newvaccine development.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVId-19 B.1.617.1 L452R E484Q infectivity immune neutralization

Bilevel Optimal Scheduling of Island Integrated Energy System Considering Multifactor Pricing

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 349-378页

作者： Xin zhang Mingming Yao daiwen He Jihong zhang Peihong Yang Xiaoming zhang School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China

In this paper,a bilevel optimization model of an integrated energy operator(IEO)–load aggregator(LA)is constructed to address the coordinate optimization challenge of multiple stakeholder island integrated energy system(IIES).The upper level represents the integrated energy operator,and the lower level is the electricity-heatgas load *** to the benefit conflict between the upper and lower levels of the IIES,a dynamic pricing mechanism for coordinating the interests of the upper and lower levels is proposed,combined with factors such as the carbon emissions of the IIES,as well as the lower load interruption *** price of selling energy can be dynamically adjusted to the lower LA in the mechanism,according to the information on carbon emissions and load interruption *** benefits and win-win situations are achieved between the upper and lower ***,CPLEX is used to iteratively solve the bilevel optimization *** optimal solution is selected according to the joint optimal discrimination *** results indicate that the sourceload coordinate operation can reduce the upper and lower operation *** the proposed pricingmechanism,the carbon emissions and load interruption power of IEO-LA are reduced by 9.78%and 70.19%,respectively,and the capture power of the carbon capture equipment is improved by 36.24%.The validity of the proposed model and method is verified.

关键词： Bilevel optimal scheduling load aggregator integrated energy operator carbon emission dynamic pricing mechanism

FORMATION OF Fe-N COMPOUNdS BY LASER NITRIdATION IN AN ATMOSPHERIC AMBIENT

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2003年第2期16卷 139-144页

作者： Y.L.Yang F.J.Sun d.zhang College of Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004ChinaCollege of ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110004ChinaCollege of ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110004China

The formation of Fe-N compounds by laser nitriding in an atmospheric ambient was reported. By CW-CO2 laser irradiation on pure ferrite iron in the atmospheric ambient, Fe-N compounds (including Fe2N, .Fe3AT and Fe4N) are formed as a result of a laser-enhanced and temperature-enhanced reactions. The samples were analyzed with X-ray diffraction. It is found that the laser power density, scanning speed and nitrogen temperature are the main factors influencing the formation of Fe-N compounds. Nitrogen can be activated by pre-heating at some temperature. Nitrogen activation and sample surface melting by CW-CO2 laser greatly enhance the reaction between the sample surface and nitrogen beam. After annealing at 500℃for 3h, some Fe2N and Fe3N converted into more stable Fe4N.

关键词： laser nitriding nitride Fe-N compound

Nano high-entropy oxide cathode with enhanced stability for direct borohydride fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 309-316页

作者： Lei zhang Lingfeng Kuang Lianke zhang Wen Chu Haiying Qin Jing zhang Junjing He Hualiang Ni Hongzhong Chi New Energy Materials Research Center College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education School of Integrated Circuits Southeast University

High-entropy materials have become high-activity electrocatalysis owing to their high-entropy effect and multiple active ***,we synthesize a series of carbon-supported nano high-entropy oxides（HEOs/C）,specifically （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C,using a carbothermal shock （CTS） method for application as a cathode catalyst in direct borohydride fuel cells （dBFCs）.The microstructure of the prepared catalysts was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption fine structure,and transmission electron *** prepared （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C,with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 4 nm,demonstrates 3.94 transferred electrons towards the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline environment,resulting in a minimal H2O2yield of 2.6%.Additionally,it exhibits a Tafel slope of 61 mV dec-1,surpassing that of commercial Pt/C (82 mV dec-1).Furthermore,after 40,000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry（CV） testing,the half-wave potential of （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C shows a positive shift of 3 mV,with no notable decline in the limiting current *** （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C is used as a cathode catalyst in dBFCs,the dBFC achieves a maximum power density of 441 mW cm-2at 60°C and sustains a cell voltage of approximately 0.73 V after 52 h at 30°*** findings confirm that HEO/C is a promising cathode catalyst for dBFCs.

关键词： direct borohydride fuel cells (dBFC)

Population collapses in the pre-modern period:case study of the Fuping County, Northwest China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2017年第4期15卷 365-373页

作者： Jie Fei david d.zhang Institute of Chinese Historical Geography Fudan University department of Geography The University of Hong Kong

The pre-modern history of population change in the Fuping County(Shaanxi Province, China)during the Ming and Qing dynasties(Ad 1368-1911) was reconstructed using historical *** Fuping County experienced two major population collapses, i.e. the late Ming dynasty(1550-1640 s) and the 1860-1880 s. The first one was caused by the great Ad 1556 earthquake and the extreme droughts and warfare in the 1630-1640 s. The second one was caused by warfare and extreme droughts. As a whole, natural disasters, including extreme drought and great earthquake, were the key direct causes of population collapse, and climatic cooling would be a potential indirect cause. It is very interesting that population collapses occurred almost synchronously in the Fuping County and whole China, and the trends of population change were also very similar. Climate-population relationship in China would be valid at finer geographic level,and climatic cooling could be a potential indirect cause of population collapse.

关键词： Population collapse FupingCounty earthquake extreme drought

depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 335-345页

作者： Feng zhang Chenyang zhang Linlin Wu Wei Sun Hongliang zhang Jianhua Chen Yong Pei Songjiang Li Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Carbon Emission Reduction in Metal Resource Exploitation and Utilization Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral ResourcesSchool of Minerals Processing and BioengineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Beijing General Research Institute of Mining&MetallurgyBeijing 100160China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro&Nano Materials Interfaces Science College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China department of Chemistry Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China China Railway Resource Group Co.Ltd Beijing 102300China

The depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite still lacked in-depth ***,the depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite was further systematically investigated with experiments and density functional theory(dFT)*** X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy(XPS)results,dFT calculation results,and frontier molecular orbital analysis indicated that sulfite ions were difficult to be adsorbed on sphalerite surface,suggesting that sulfite ions achieved depression effects on sphalerite through other non-adsorption ***,the oxygen content in the surface of sphalerite treated with sulfite ions in creased,which enhanced the hydrophilicity of the sphalerite and further increased the difference in hydrophilicity between sphalerite and ***,sulfite ions were chelated with lead ions to form PbSO_(3)in *** hydrophilic PbSO_(3)was more easily adsorbed on sphalerite than *** interaction between sulfite ions and lead ions could effectively inhibit the activation of *** addition the UV spectrum showed that after adding sulfite ions,the peak of perxanthate in the sphalerite treated xanthate solution was significantly stronger than that in the galena with xanthate solution,indicating that xanthate interacted more readily with sulfite ions and oxygen mo lecules within the sphalerite system,leading to the formation of ***,sulfite ions hardly depressed the flotation of ga lena and could promote the flotation of galena to some *** study deepened the understanding of the depression mechanism o sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite.

关键词： sphalerite galena sulfite ion density functional theory depression mechanism

Targeting Epac2 and GluA3-containing AMPARs:a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3223-3224页

作者： Tong zhang Martina Schmidt department of Molecular Pharmacology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands School of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Alzheimer's disease(Ad)is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests progressive decline in memory and *** the early stage of Ad,memory retrieval is impaired preceding memory acquisition and consolidation(Roy et al.,2016).Prior to the onset of symptoms,pathological amyloid-β(Aβ)plagues and tau protein tangles accumulate in extracellular and intracellular spaces,respectively,leading to *** these hallmark pathologies,Aβ is proposed to be the primary etiology by triggering a cascade of pathogenic events,including neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,tau hyperphosphorylation,synaptic/neuronal dysfunction,and neuronal death(zhang et al.,2023b).

关键词： Alzheimer impaired Aβ

Subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration:mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 378-393页

作者： Jingxiang zhang Xia Sheng Quanju ding Yujun Wang Jiwei Zhao Jingfa zhang department of Ophthalmology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina department of Urology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina National Clinical Research Center for Eye diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina

Subretinal fibrosis is the end-stage sequelae of neovascular age-related macular *** causes local damage to photoreceptors,retinal pigment epithelium,and choroidal vessels,which leads to permanent central vision loss of patients with neovascular age-related macular *** pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis is complex,and the underlying mechanisms are largely ***,there are no effective treatment options.A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis and its related mechanisms is important to elucidate its complications and explore potential *** current article reviews several aspects of subretinal fibrosis,including the current understanding on the relationship between neovascular age-related macular degeneration and subretinal fibrosis;multimodal imaging techniques for subretinal fibrosis;animal models for studying subretinal fibrosis;cellular and non-cellular constituents of subretinal fibrosis;pathophysiological mechanisms involved in subretinal fibrosis,such as aging,infiltration of macrophages,different sources of mesenchymal transition to myofibroblast,and activation of complement system and immune cells;and several key molecules and signaling pathways participating in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor,connective tissue growth factor,fibroblast growth factor 2,platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β,transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,and the axis of heat shock protein 70-Toll-like receptors 2/*** review will improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,allow the discovery of molecular targets,and explore potential treatments for the management of subretinal fibrosis.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal transition myofibroblast neovascular age-related macular degeneration submacular fibrosis subretinal fibrosis therapeutic targets transforming growth factor-β vascular endothelial growth factor

Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2520-2537页

作者： Chonglin Su Taiqi Huang Meiyu zhang Yanyu zhang Yan Zeng Xingxing Chen Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlSchool of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental *** the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and *** glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic *** interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive *** appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive *** with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive *** emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive *** provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium signaling glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoid glutamate transmission hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis long-term potentiation neurocognitive disorders neuroplasticity stress