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chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonic Acids(cl-PFESAs)Are Associated with Eye Diseases in Humans and Eye Toxicity in Zebrafish

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 390-400页

作者： Lu-Yin Wu Li-Xia Liang Yang Zhou Zeeshan Mohammed Zhengmin Min Qian Stephen edward McMillin Maya Tabet chu chu Yuan-Yuan Fan Jia-Xin Zhou Jing-Wen Huang Wei-Hong Tan Guang-Hui Dong Li-Zi Lin Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of EducationGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk AssessmentDepartment of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Environmental ProtectionGuangzhou 510655China Department of Developmental Biology&Genetics School of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore 400060India Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College for Public Health&Social JusticeSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63104United States School of Social Work Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63103United States college of Global Population Health University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouri 63110United States Guangdong cardiovascular Institute Department of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics center The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021China

Evidence from animal experiments has shown that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(cl-PFESAs)can induce vision dysfunction in ***,environmental epidemiological evidence supporting this hypothesis remains *** our case−control study,samples collected from 270 individuals(135 controls and 135 cases)from the Isomers of c8 Health Project data were analyzed for *** also repeated our analysis on zebrafish to support our findings in humans and to decipher the mechanism underlying cl-PFESA eye *** serum levels of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and alternatives were significantly higher in the cases than in the *** serum cl-PFESA levels were associated with greater odds of eye diseases,and the trend showed a statistically significant dose-dependent *** Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)value indicated that 8:2 cl-PFESA was the dominant eye disease risk factor among the 13 studied *** zebrafish experiments,cl-PFESAs induced eye toxicity in adult zebrafish by oxidative damage and cell *** to the control group,there was significantly reduced thicknesses of the inner plexiform layer(IPL),outer plexiform layer(OPL),and retinal tissue in the zebrafish exposed to *** study provides human clinical and animal experimental data,showing that exposure to PFASs increases the odds of the development of eye toxicity.

关键词： eye diseases chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(cl-PFESAs) case−control study shapley additive explanations(SHAP) zebrafish experiment

Targeting α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: a future potential for neuroprotection from traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1552-1554页

作者： Samuel S.Shin c.edward Dixon Department of Neurological Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medica Center

Traumatic brain injury （TBI） poses a significant socioeconomic burden in the world. The long lasting consequences in cognitive impairments are often underreported and its mechanisms are unclear. In this perspective, cholinergic dysfunction and thera-peutic strategy targeting this will be reviewed. Novel agents that can target specific subtype of acetylcholine receptors have been developed over the recent years and are at various stages of development, which include AR-R 17779, GTS-21, SSR- 180711A, AR-R17779, and PNU-282987. A detailed review on this topic has been previously published （Shin and Dixon, 2015）.

关键词： TBI nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Targeting a future potential for neuroprotection from traumatic brain injury Ach

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Development of Biomimetic Squid-Inspired Suckers

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第4期9卷 484-493页

作者： Jinping Hou edward Wright Richard H. c. Bonser George Jeronimidis centre for Biomimetics School of Construction Management and Engineering University of Reading Reading RG6 6AY UK School of Engineering and Design Brunel University Uxbridge Middlesex UB8 3PH UK

Biomechanical properties of squid suckers were studied to provide inspiration for the development of sucker artefacts for a robotic octopus. Mechanical support of the rings found inside squid suckers was studied by bending tests. Tensile tests were carried out to study the maximum possible sucking force produced by squid suckers based on the strength of sucker stalks, normalized by the sucking areas. The squid suckers were also directly tested to obtain sucking forces by a special testing ar- rangement. Inspired by the squid suckers, three types of sucker artefacts were developed for the arm skin of an octopus inspired robot. The first sucker artefact made of knitted nylon sheet reinforced silicone rubber has the same shape as the squid suckers. Like real squid suckers, this type of artefact also has a stalk that is connected to the arm skin and a ring to give radial support. The second design is a straight cylindrical structure with uniform wall thickness made of silicone rubber. One end of the cylinder is directly connected to the arm skin and the other end is open. The final design of the sucker has a cylindrical base and a concave meniscus top. The meniscus was formed naturally using the surface tension of silicone gel, which leads to a higher level of the liquid around the edge of a container. The wall thickness decreases towards the tip of the sucker opening. Sucking forces of all three types of sucker artefacts were measured. Advantages and disadvantages of each sucker type were discussed. The final design of suckers has been implemented to the arm skin prototypes.

关键词： biomimetics squid sucker sucking force artificial sucker

The significance of clinical practice guidelines on adult varicocele detection and management

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 269-275,J0006,J0007页

作者： Anand Shridharani Ryan c Owen Osama O Elkelany edward D Kim Department of Urology University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga TN 37403 USA Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Knoxville TN 37920 USA.

Varicoceles are the most common correctable etiology of male factor infertility. However, the detection and management of varicoceles have not been standardized. This has led to decades of debate regarding the effect of varicocele on male infertility and subsequently whether repair leads to an improved fertility status. The current body of evidence investigating the role of varicocele and varicocelectomy is weak and conflicting. The stance taken by the AUA and ASRM suggests that there is insufficient outcomes data to support evidenced-based guidelines, citing evidence used to provide current recommendations are generally of a low quality level. On the other hand, the EAU Guidelines give a level la of evidence for management of varicoceles that are clinically palpable, associated with subnormal semen analyses and having otherwise unexplained fertility. Besides aiding with clinical varicocele detection and management, clinical practice opinion statements and guidelines aim to direct and strengthen the infrastructure of future studies. We review the current status of opinion statements and guidelines in varicocele and management detection with focus on their application in practice.

关键词： guidelines varicocele varicocele detection varicocele management varicocelectomy

Residential building performance analysis at near extreme weather conditions in Hong Kong through a thermal-comfort-based strategy

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 13-25页

作者： K.F.Fong c.K.Lee Kevin Ka-Lun Lau edward Yan Yung Ng Division of Building Science and Technology College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of civil Engineering and Natural Resources Lulea University of TechnologySweden School of Architecture The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The precise building performance assessment of residential housings in subtropical regions is usually more difficult than that for the commercial premises due to the much more complicated behavior of the occupants with regard to the change in indoor *** conventional use of a fixed schedule for window opening,clothing insulation and cooling equipment operation cannot reflect the real situation when the occupants respond to the change in thermal comfort,thus affecting the appropriateness of the assessment *** rectify the situation,a new modeling strategy in which the modification of the various operation schedules was based on the calculated thermal comfort(Tc),was developed in this *** this new Tc-based strategy,the realistic building performances under different cooling provision scenarios applied to a high-rise residential building under the near extreme weather conditions were investigated and *** was found that sole provision of ventilation fans could not meet the zone thermal comfort by over 68%of the time,and air-conditioning was *** optimal use of ventilation fans for cooling could only help reduce the total cooling energy demand by less than 12%at best which could only be realistically evaluated by adopting the present *** studies were conducted which revealed that some design factors could offer opportunities for reducing the total cooling energy under the near extreme weather conditions.

关键词： predicted mean vote thermal comfort ventilation potential building performance simulation residential housings

Two Potent α3/5 conotoxins from Piscivorous conus achatinus

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第6期39卷 438-444页

作者： Geoffrey cHEW edward HAWROT Department of Molecular Pharmacology Physiology and Biotechnology Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02903 USA

Every cone snail produces a mixture of different conotoxins and secretes them to immobilize their prey and predators. α3/5 conotoxins, isolated from fish-hunting cone snails, target muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The structure and function of α3/5 conotoxin from the piscivorous conus achatinus have not been studied. We synthesized two pentadecamer peptides, Ac 1.1 a and Ac 1.1 b, with appropriate disulfide bonding, based on cDNA sequences of α3/5 conotoxins from c. achatinus. Ac 1.1 a and Ac 1.1 b differ by only one amino acid residue. They have similar potency on blocking recombinant mouse muscle acetylcholine receptor expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, with Ic50values of 36 nM and 26 nM, respectively. For Ac 1.1b, deletion of the first three N-terminal amino acids did not change its activity, indicating that the Nterminus is not involved in the interaction with its receptor. Furthermore, our experiments indicate that both toxins strongly prefer the α1-δ subunit interface instead of the α1-γ binding site on the mouse muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. These peptides provide additional tools for the study of the structure and function of nicotinic receptor.

关键词： cone snail α3/5 conotoxin disulfide bond nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Studies on the Lattice Distortion and Substructures of Shocked Lamellae in Naturally Shocked Quartz

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Acta Geochimica 1987年第1期6卷 19-32页

作者：谢先德 edward c. T. cHAO Institute of Geochemistry Academia Sinica United States Geological Survey Mailstop 929 Reston Va 22092 United States of America

One unshocked and 9 naturally shocked single quartz crystal grains with 1-6 sets of shock lamellaefrom the Ries, West Germany, and the Lake Lappajarvi, Finland, covering a range from unshocked quartzwith _disibledevent=1.544 to nearly completely glassy quartz with _disibledevent=1.461 have been used for X-ray precessionand Laue investigations. Four of the shocked grains have preliminarily been studied under a transmissionelectron microscope. It is found that quartz having No less than 1.539 shows intensive anisotropic cellexpansion and lattice disordering which gradually increase as No decreases. Shock-induced lattice distortionof quartz is clearly shown on both precession and Laue photographs. For the weakly shocked quartz (pced spreading of spots is observed. When the pressure reaches 200 kb, both concentricspreading of spots having long ‘tails' and concentric rings (powder pattern) are revealed on the samephotograph, which means that besides a part of single crystal there also exist randomly oriented tiny‘fragments' of quartz in this shocked quartz grain. As pressure increases from 230 to 315 kb, more and morecrystalline puases in the quartz grains have transformed from solid state into silica glass, and the concentricrings and the long ‘tails' disappear and the spot spreading becomes slight again, but reflection intensitiesbecome much lower in comparison with those of weakly shocked quartz. TEM investigations show three kinds of substructures of shock lamellae. The glass contents of two ofthe four grains (73% and 84% respectively) were measured on TEM photographs with the help of an imageanalysis system. On the basis of above investigations a six-terminal-state model for the mechanism of deformation inshock metamorphosed quartz is presented.

关键词： Studies on the Lattice Distortion and Substructures of Shocked Lamellae in Naturally Shocked Quartz

The acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： constantin Aniculaesei Thanh Ha Samuel Yoffe Lance Labun Stephen Milton edward Mccary Michael M.Spinks Hernan J.Quevedo Ou Z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea Hannasch Rafal Zgadzaj Isabella Pagano Jose A.Franco-Altamirano Martin L.Ringuette Erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh Tiwari Bernhard Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti Hartmut Ruhl Todd Ditmire Sandra Bruce Michael E.Donovan Michael c.Downer Dino A.Jaroszynski Bjorn Manuel Hegelich University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPA Department of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Tau Systems Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma can excite nonlinear plasma *** appropriate conditions,electrons from the background plasma are trapped in the plasma wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** scheme is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from a laser wakefield acceleration experiment using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm-long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pc,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rms convolved energy spread and a 0.9 mrad rms *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge

complete response to radiation therapy of orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第47期15卷 6000-6003页

作者： Allison M Quick Mark Bloomston edward Y Kim Nathan c Hall Nina A Mayr Department of Radiation Medicine Arthur G.James Cancer HospitalThe Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210 United States Department of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210 United States Department of Radiology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is increasing in the United States,and 50%-75%o patients with Hcc will develop metastatic disease Orbital metastases from Hcc are extremely *** report the case of a 52-year-old male with known metastatic Hcc,who presented with severe proptosis and *** orbital mass was identified on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and confirmed to have hypermetabolic activity on positron emission tomography/computed *** received a palliative course of external beam radiation therapy to the right *** modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)was used to allow sparing of critical norma tissues in close proximity to the *** month after completion of IMRT to 58 Gray in 30 fractions delivered over 6 wk,the patient had a complete clinical,radiologic(MRI)and symptomatic response The patient continues to have local control in the orbi 1.7 years after therapy *** critical norma structures were kept below the tolerance dose using IMRT,and no toxicities were observed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Eye neoplasms Metastasis Intensity modulated radiation therapy Palliative therapy