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Biochemical Changes of Cubiu Fruits (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal, Solanaceae) According to Different Tissue Portions and Ripening Stages

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第12期7卷 1191-1219页

作者： Moacir couto de Andrade Júnior Jerusa Souza Andrade Suely de Souza costa Post-Graduation Department Universidade Nilton Lins Manaus Brazil Department of Food Technology Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA) Manaus Brazil Department of Agricultural Sciences Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA) Manaus Brazil

Cubiu fruits (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal, Solanaceae) are known for their high nutritional value and low caloric content. This work aimed at evaluating biochemical indices of cubiu fruits according to different tissues (peel, pulp and placenta) and ripening stages (green, turning, ripe and fully ripe). The fruits were randomly harvested to investigate sensory aspects (colorimetry, blanching effect, pigments) and biochemical indices (moisture and dry matter, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), pH, Titratable Acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, ascorbic acid, Alcohol-Insoluble Solids (AIS), pectinesterase activity and pectin content). The analyses were performed at the laboratory of Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil. The blanching process preserved pulp colors at all ripening stages. Chlorophylls were higher in green peels;flavonoids and carotenoids, in fully ripe peels. Anthocyanins were entirely absent. Pulp (turning fruits) showed the highest moisture content (91.05), followed by ripe pulp (90.70) and fully ripe pulp (90.62). Pulp TSS changed little whereas placenta TSS declined and were associated with increased TA and pH reduction (fully ripe fruits). Pulp pH and TA varied little whereas placenta pH was notably low and TA was remarkably high (fully ripe fruits). Pulp TSS/TA ratio showed predominance of TSS while in placenta, there was predominance of organic acids. AIS, precursors of pectin, were stable during ripening. The statistical analysis of dietary fiber content showed one modal value in the AIS. In pulp, pectinesterase activity correlated inversely with pectin content. Cubiu fruits were significant sources of bioactive compounds, e.g. chlorophylls, flavonoids and carotenoids, predominantly in the peel and the pulp;soluble functional fibers, e.g. pectin (g/100 g fresh weight), particularly in the green peel (1.00) and the fully ripe pulp (1.12), and other versatile molecules, e.g. ascorbic acid (mg/100 g fresh weight), especially in the f

关键词： Cocona Fruit Placenta Medicinal Plant Pectinesterase Activity Vitamin C

Re-bleeding events in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after negative capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第4期7卷 403-410页

作者： Pedro Magalhes-costa Miguel Bispo Sofia Santos Gilberto couto Leopoldo Matos Cristina Chagas Gastroen-terology Department Hospital Egas MonizCentro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental

AIM: To investigate long-term re-bleeding events after a negative capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) and the risk factors associated with the ***: Patients referred to Hospital Egas Moniz(Lisboa, Portugal) between January 2006 and October 2012 with OGIB and a negative capsule endoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. The following study variables were included: demographic data, comorbidities, bleeding-related drug use, hemoglobin level, indication for capsule endoscopy, post procedure details, work-up and follow-up. Re-bleeding rates and associated factors were assessed using a Cox proportional hazard analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of re-bleeding at 1, 3 and 5 years, and the differences between factors were ***: The study population consisted of 640 patients referred for OGIB investigation. Wireless capsule endoscopy was deemed negative in 113 patients(17.7%). A total of 64.6% of the population was female, and the median age was 69 years. The median follow-up was forty-eight months(interquartile range 24-60). Re-bleeding occurred in 27.4% of the cases. The median time to re-bleeding was fifteen months(interquartile range 2-33). In 22.6%(n = 7) of the population, small-bowel angiodysplasia was identified as the culprit lesion. A univariate analysis showed that age > 65 years old, chronic kidney disease, aortic stenosis, anticoagulant use and overt OGIB were risk factors for re-bleeding; however, on a multivariate analysis, there were no risk factors for re-bleeding. The cumulative risk of re-bleeding at 1, 3 and 5 years of follow-up was 12.9%, 25.6% and 31.5%, *** who presented with overt OGIB tended to rebleed sooner(median time for re-bleeding: 8.5 mo vs 22 mo).CONCLUSION: Patients with OGIB despite a negative capsule endoscopy have a significant re-bleeding risk; therefore, these patients require an extended follow-up strategy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Gastrointestinalhemorrhage Anemia Angiodysplasia Risk factors

Intraoperative Glycaemia Following Paracetamol with and without Glucose: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第9期4卷 409-416页

作者： Ricardo Mota Pereira Fatima Goncalves Joao costa Filomena couto Carolina Sa Isabel Neves Lucindo Ormonde Department of Anaesthesiology Santa Maria University HospitalLisbonPortugal Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal Evidence-Based Medicine Centre Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal Instituto de Medicina Molecular(IMM) Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal Department of Gynaecology Santa Maria University HospitalLisbonPortugal

Background: Hyperglycaemia is conversely a risk factor for perioperative complications. We are currently using a generic 3.3 g glucose containing formula of intravenous 1000 mg paracetamol for perioperative analgesia. Our main goal was to compare the trends of glycaemic values after administration of a generic 3.3 g glucose containing formula with a non-glucose containing branded formula of intravenous 1000 mg paracetamol. Methods: A exploratory proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial was conducted with 150 patients scheduled for elective gynaecologic. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups: control group (saline);active-control group: intraoperative administration of a branded non-glucose containing 1000 mg paracetamol formula;experimental group: intraoperative administration of a generic 3.3 g glucose containing 1000 mg paracetamol formula. The primary outcome was mean change from baseline in glaucoma. In case significant differences were found, the following secondary outcomes were explored: the proportion of patients with high glycaemia values (>150 mg/dL) and the proportion of patients with negative glycaemic variation. Results: Mean glycaemia change was higher after generic 3.3 g glucose containing paracetamol formula both in comparison to placebo (16.3 mg/dL [95% CI: 6.1 to 26.6]) and active-control (19.1 mg/dL [8.2 to 30.0] groups. Similar results were found in the intention-to-treat analysis. In only the experimental group, patients had high glycaemic values (11.3%). Conclusions: This study showed that in non-diabetic, under non-cardiac surgery, administration of a generic glucose-containing formula of intravenous 1000 mg paracetamol was associated with poorer glycaemic control. These results raise the question of a possible increased risk among these patients. Further studies using diabetic patients are recommended.

关键词： Paracetamol Hyperglycaemia Gyneacologic Surgical Procedures Randomized Controlled Trial

Dietary approach in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第24期7卷 2522-2534页

作者： Silvia Marinho Ferolla Luciana costa Silva Maria de Lourdes Abreu Ferrari Aloísio Sales da Cunha Flaviano dos Santos Martins Cláudia Alves couto Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari Departamento de Clínica Médica Centro de Pós-GraduacaoFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Propedêutica Complementar Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Microbiologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has been identified as one of the most prevalent chronic liver disease in adults and children populations. NAFLD is usually associated with the metabolic syndrome(MS), which is chiefly related to insulin resistance and its consequences. Insulin resistance has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and potentially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Because of the contemporary epidemics of MS and obesity, the burden of NAFLD is also expected to rise. Unhealthy diets, such as the so-called western diet, are enriched in fructose, trans-fatty acids and saturated fat and seem to be associated with the development of NAFLD. In human studies, certain dietary sugars, particularly fructose, are used as a substrate for lipogenesis leading to hepatic fatty infiltration, inflammation, and possibly fibrosis. Other investigations have shown that fat consumption especially cholesterol and trans/saturated fatty acids are also steatogenic and seem to increase visceral adiposity. The identification of specific dietary components that favor the development of NASH could be important for the management of this disorder. This review focuses on the effects of different dietary approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD emphasizing the macronutrients and energy composition.

关键词： Fatty liver Dietary carbohydrates Dietary fats Die

Organic Vegetables Quality Arising from the Brazilian Family-Run Farm

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 1538-1544页

作者： Thadia Turon costa da Silva Verona Borges Ferreira Silvia Magalhaes couto Armando Ubirajara Oliveira Sabaa Srur Department of Food Technology Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Nutrition Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Research Group in Fruits and Vegetables Processing CNPqUFRJRio de JaneiroBrazil

The present study has its aim to evaluate the different dimensions of organic vegetables quality from the Brazilian family-run farm, especially the evaluation of composition, antioxidant activity, microbiological characteristics and pesticide residues. There were evaluated carrot, broccoli, kale and white cabbage grown by organic farmers in the highlander region of Rio de Janeiro state. There were determined humidity, lipids grade, total protein content, mineral residues (ashes), soluble and insoluble fibers, soluble solids, total acidity, pH, and pesticide residues. The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical removal. Among the analyzed vegetables, the effectiveness of the antioxidant capacity was obtained, in decreasing order, by broccoli, kale, white cabbage and carrot. According to the microbiological parameter, evaluated vegetables have shown satisfactory sanitary quality. Pesticide residues were not found above the detection limit for both authorized and unauthorized analyzed crops.

关键词： Organic Food Vegetables Pesticide Antioxidant Capacity Food Composition

Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Organic Vegetables Consumed in Brazil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 798-804页

作者： Verona Borges Ferreira Thadia Turon costa da Silva Silvia Regina Magalhaes couto Armando Ubirajara Oliveira Sabaa Srur Centro de Ciencias da Saude Instituto de Nutricao Josue de CastroUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrasil

Organic olericulture differs from conventional agriculture due to the absence of pesticide, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, some food additives and ionizing radiation, producing vegetables with a different chemical composition and with different amounts of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to quantify, in organic vegetables consumed in Brazil, the amount of total phenolic compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the antioxidant activity through DPPH method. Among the analyzed vegetables, the effectiveness in the antioxidant capacity was obtained in decreasing order, by the broccoli (69.35), kale (63.20), cabbage (35.72) and carrot (20.39), expressed in % of DPPH consumption after 30 minutes of reaction. The amount of total phenolic compounds (mg GAE/ml of fluid extract-FE) present in the kale (0.606), broccoli (0.511), cabbage (0.214) and carrots (0.124) demonstrates a positive correlation between phenolic amounts and the antioxidant activity of the vegetables analyzed.

关键词： Organic Food Bioactive Compounds Vegetables Antioxidant DPPH

PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 792-806页

作者： Quelson Coelho Lisboa Mateus Jorge Nardelli Patrícia de Araújo Pereira Débora Marques Miranda Stephanie Nunes Ribeiro Raissa Soares Neves costa Camila Azevedo Versiani Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal Teresa Cristina de Abreu Ferrari Claudia Alves couto Departament de Clínica Médica Faculty of MedicineUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130100Brazil

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide,with significant morbidity associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that the variants rs738409 C/G in the PNPLA3 and rs58542926 C/T in the TM6SF2 genes are determinants of inter-individual and ethnicity-related differences in hepatic fat content and NAFLD *** To investigate PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype frequency and their association with NAFLD development and progression in Brazilian *** This cross-sectional case-control study enrolled 285 individuals from the Gastroenterology and Hepatology clinics at a university hospital in *** case patients(n=148)were confirmed to have NAFLD by the identification of hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and exclusion of other causes of liver *** to the clinical protocol,patients underwent liver biopsy when at high risk for NASH and/or advanced fibrosis(n=65).Steatohepatitis was confirmed in 54 *** who did not have biopsy indication or NASH on histology were considered to have simple steatosis(n=94).The control group(n=137)was selected among patients that attended the Intestinal Disease clinic and was composed of subjects without abnormalities on abdominal ultrasonography and normal liver biochemical *** individuals underwent PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype *** PNPLA3 CC,CG and GG genotype frequencies were 37%,44%and 19%,respectively,in NAFLD patients and were 58%,31%and 10%in controls(P<0.001).In a model adjusted for gender,age,body mass index and type 2 diabetes mellitus,the G allele increased the chance of NAFLD(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.21-2.36,P=0.002)and NASH(OR=3.50,95%CI:1.84-6.64,P<0.001).The chance of NASH was even higher with GG homozygosis(OR=5.53,95%CI:2.04-14.92,P=0.001).No association was found between G allele and the features of metabolic *** histological assessment,PNPLA3 genoty

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Genetic variation Single nucleotide polymorphism Genotype Brazil Fibrosis

Isoflavone and Mineral Content in Conventional and Transgenic Soybean Cultivars

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2051-2059页

作者： Gabriela Rezende costa Nilton de Oliveira couto e Silva JoséMarcos Gontijo Mandarino Rodrigo Santos Leite Nilson César Castanheira Guimaraes Roberto Goncalves Junqueira Renata Adriana Labanca Postgraduate Program in Food Science Faculty of PharmacyFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo HorizonteBrazil Laboratory of Metal Contaminants(LCM) Division of Health and Environmental Surveillance(DIVISA)Octavio Magalh&atildees Institute(IOM)Funda&ccedil&atildeo Ezequiel Dias(FUNED)Rua Conde Pereira CarneiroBelo HorizonteBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Soja LondrinaBrazil National Agricultural Laboratory/LANAGRO-Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Food Supply/MAPAPedro LeopoldoBrazil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in composition among six brands of conventional soybean and six genetically modified cultivars (GM). We focused on the isoflavones profile and mineral content questioning the substantial equivalence between conventional and GM organisms. The statement of compliance label for conventional grains was verified for the presence of genetic modified genes by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We did not detect the presence of the 35S promoter in commercial samples, indicating the absence of transgene insertion. For mineral analysis, we used the method of inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Isoflavones quantification was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed no statistical difference between the conventional and transgenic soybean groups concerning isoflavone content and mineral composition. The concentration of potassium, the main mineral component of soy, was the highest in conventional soybeans compared to that in GM soy, while GM samples presented the highest concentrations of iron.

关键词： Glycine max Genetically Modified Organism Bioactive Compounds ICP-OES HPLC

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided common bile duct stone removal

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2010年第6期2卷 210-211页

作者： Everson LA Artifon Decio S couto Jr Silvia Goi Pancreatic and BiliaryUnit Ana Costa Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Hospital de Navarra

Endoscopic ultrasonography has become an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool in endoscopy *** has a great impact on biliary and pancreatic disease management and its application to retrograde cholangiopancreatography is appealing,although very challenging with current *** this article we describe our initial experience with this technique.

关键词： Endosonography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Choledocholithiasis Therapeutics Biliary tract diseases