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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 374-374页

作者： Wen Lai Wen-Dong Liang Xiu-Mian Hu eduardo garzanti Hua-Yu Lu Xiao-Long Dong Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu Province China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 Sichuan Province China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu Province China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universita di Milano-Bicocca Milano 20126 Italy

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Grain-size and compositional variability of Yarlung Tsangpo sand(Xigaze transect,south Tibet):Implications for sediment mixing by fluvial and aeolian processes

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第2期12卷 195-210页

作者： Wen Lai Wen-Dong Liang Xiu-Mian Hu eduardo garzanti Hua-Yu Lu Xiao-Long Dong Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling School of Geography and Ocean ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059Sichuan ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universita di Milano-BicoccaMilano 20126Italy

Studying the grain-size dependent compositional variability in modern river sediments provides a key to decipher the information stored in the sedimentary archive and reconstruct the evolution of the Earth’s surface in the past. Bedload sand along the Xigaze cross section of the Yarlung Tsangpo(upper Brahmaputra River) ranges in mean grain size from 0.72 Φ to 3.21 Φ, is moderately to poorly sorted and slightly platykurtic to moderately leptokurtic with sub-angular to sub-spherical grains. Litho-feldspatho-quartzose to feldspatholitho-quartzose sand(Q 43%-65%;F 13%-44%;L 11%-28%) contains 3.4%-14.4% heavy minerals including amphibole(64%-89%), epidote(4%-11%), chloritoid(0-10%), and clinopyroxene(2%-6%). The marked textural and compositional variability observed across the Xigaze transect of the Yarlung Tsangpo mainstem is controlled by both fluvial and aeolian processes, including repeated reworking by westerly and glacial winds,as well as by local contributions from northern and southern tributaries draining the Lhasa Block and the Himalayan Belt, respectively. The modern sedimentary case here will shed new light on interpreting paleogeography and provenance.

关键词： Modern fluvial sediments Sand petrography Heavy minerals Fluvial/aeolian interactions Endmember grain-size modeling Lhasa Block Himalayan Belt

Provenance and drainage system of the Early Cretaceous volcanic detritus in the Himalaya as constrained by detrital zircon geochronology

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第1期4卷 85-98页

作者： Xiu-Mian Hu eduardo garzanti Wei An State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Università di Milano?BicoccaMilano 20126 Italy

The age range of the major intra-plate volcanic event that affected the northern Indian margin in the Early Cretaceous is here defined precisely by detrital zircon geochronology. U-Pb ages of Early Cretaceous detrital zircons found in the Cretaceous to the Paleocene sandstones cluster mainly between 142 Ma and 123 Ma in the northern Tethys Himalayan unit, and between 140 Ma and 116 Ma in the southern Tethys Himalayan unit. The youngest and oldest detrital zircons within this group indicate that volcanism in the source areas started in the latest Jurassic and ended by the early Albian. Stratigraphic data indicate that volcaniclastic sedimentation began significantly earlier in southern Tibet （Tithonian） than in Nepal （Valangin- ian）, and considerably later in Spiti and Zanskar （Aptian/AIbian） to the west. This apparent westward migration of magmatism was explained with progressive westward propagation of extensional/transtensional tectonic activity and development of fractures cutting deeply across the Indian continental margin crust. However, detrital zircon geochronology provides no indication of heterochroneity in magmatic activity in the source areas from east to west, and thus lends little support to such a scenario. Westward migration of volcaniclastic sedimentation may thus reflect instead the westward progradation of major drainage systems supplying volcanic detritus sourced from the same volcanic centers in the east. Development of multiple radial drainage away from the domal surface uplift associated with magmatic upwelling, as observed for most large igneous provinces around the world, may also explain why U-Pb ages of detrital zircons tend to cluster around 133-132 Ma （the age of the Cornel igneous province） in Tethys Himalayan units, but around 118-117 Ma （the age of the Rajmahal igneous province） in Lesser Himalayan units.

关键词： northern Indian margin Cretaceous Himalayan Orogen volcaniclastic detri-tus drainage system zircon geochronology palaeogeography

Recognition of trench basins in collisional orogens:Insights from the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in southern Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第12期63卷 2017-2028页

作者： Xiumian Hu Wei An eduardo garzanti Qun Liu Institute of Continental Geodynamics State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits ResearchSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universitàdi Milano-BicoccaMilano20126Italy

Trench basin,as an important sedimentary repository in oceanic subduction zones,documents faithfully the evolution of paleodrainage and paleogeographic information.Because of the frequent intense deformation during and after deposition,the recognition of trench-basin strata in orogenic belts is quite challenging.Several trench-fill deposits have been identified from the Yarlung Zangbo suture in southern Tibet,which can be classified into two types based on major differences in formation timing and tectonic setting.The first type developed during subduction of the Neotethyan oceanic slab in the Cretaceous(e.g.,the Jiachala,Rongmawa,and Luogangcuo formations),and the second type developed during the initial stage of the India-Asia collision in the Palaeogene(e.g.,the Sangdanlin-Zheya formations).The former was originally deposited on the subducting oceanic crust and then accreted as tectonic slices into the subduction complex;the latter was deposited unconformably on the continental margin of the subducting Indian plate and then involved in the subduction complex during the continental collision.Typical lithologies of trench-basin fills include abyssal chert,siliceous shale,silty to sandy turbidites,debris flows deposits,and slump deposits without carbonate.Detritus feeding these basins were chiefly from the uplifted terrane in the upper plate.This paper summarizes the geological features of trench basins developed in southern Tibet and proposes criteria for recognizing trench-basins in collisional orogens.

关键词： Trench basin.Provenance analysis Yarlung Zangbo suture zone Southern Tibet Cretaceous-Paleocene Himalayan orogen

Constraining the timing of the India-Asia continental collision by the sedimentary record

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第4期60卷 603-625页

作者： HU XiuMian WANG JianGang AN Wei eduardo garzanti LI Juan State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing University Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Laboratory for Provenance Studies Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversita di Milano-Bicocca

Placing precise constraints on the timing of the India-Asia continental collision is essential to understand the successive geological and geomorphological evolution of the orogenic belt as well as the uplift mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on climate,environment and life.Based on the extensive study of the sedimentary record on both sides of the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone in Tibet,we review here the present state of knowledge on the timing of collision onset,discuss its possible diachroneity along strike,and reconstruct the early structural and topographic evolution of the Himalayan collided range.We define continent-continent collision as the moment when the oceanic crust is completely consumed at one point where the two continental margins come into contact.We use two methods to constrain the timing of collision onset:(1) dating the provenance change from Indian to Asian recorded by deep-water turbidites near the suture zone,and(2) dating the age of unconformities on both sides of the suture zone.The first method allowed us to constrain precisely collision onset as middle Palaeocene(59±l Ma).Marine sedimentation persisted in the collisional zone for another 20-25 Ma locally in southern Tibet,and molassic-type deposition in the Indian foreland basin did not begin until another 10-15 Ma later.Available sedimentary evidence failed to firmly document any significant diachroneity of collision onset from the central Himalaya to the western Himalaya and Pakistan so far.Based on the Cenozoic stratigraphic record of the Tibetan Himalaya,four distinct stages can be identified in the early evolution of the Himalayan orogen:(1) middle Palaeocene-early Eocene earliest Eohimalayan stage(from 59 to 52 Ma):collision onset and filling of the deep-water trough along the suture zone while carbonate platform sedimentation persisted on the inner Indian margin;(2) early-middle Eocene early Eohimalayan stage(from 52 to 41 or 35 Ma):filling of intervening seaways and cessation of marine sedimentation;(3) late Eocen

关键词：印度-亚洲大陆碰撞沉积记录发生时间雅鲁藏布江缝合带喜马拉雅造山带西藏高原录制前陆盆地

Upper Cretaceous trench deposits of the Neo-Tethyan subduction zone： Jiachala Formation from Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in Tibet, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第9期61卷 1204-1220页

作者： Hanpu FU Xiumian HU Erica M. CROUCH Wei AN Jiangang WANG eduardo garzanti State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China GNS Science PO Box 30368 Lower Hurt 5040 New Zealand School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Bering 100029 China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universita di Milano-Bicocca Milano 20126 Italy

The history of convergence between the India and the Asia plates, and of their subsequent collision which triggered the Himalayan orogeny is recorded in the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone. Exposed along the southern side of the suture, turbidites of the the Jiachala Formation fed largely from the Gangdese arc have long been considered as post-collisional foreland-basin deposits based on the reported occurrence of Paleocene-early Eocene dinoflagellate cysts and pollen assemblages. Because magmatic activity in the Gangdese arc continued through the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene, this scenario is incompatible with U-Pb ages of detrital zircons invariably older than the latest Cretaceous. To solve this conundrum, we carried out detailed stratigraphic, sedimentological, paleontological, and provenance analyses in the Gyangze and Sajia areas of southern Tibet,China. The Jiachala Formation consists of submarine fan deposits that lie in fault contact with the Zongzhuo Formation.Sandstone petrography together with U-Pb ages and Hf isotope ratios of detrital zircons indicate provenance from the Gangdese arc and central Lhasa terrane. Well preserved pollen or dinoflagellate cysts microfossils were not found in spite of careful research, and the youngest age obtained from zircon grain was ～84 Ma. Based on sedimentary facies, provenance analysis and tectonic position, we suggest that the Jiachala Formation was deposited during the Late Cretaceous(~88–84 Ma) in the trench formed along the southern edge of Asia during subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere.

关键词：白垩纪存款西藏中国起源分析 U-Pb 造山运动早始新世

The Langjiexue Group is an in situ sedimentary sequence rather than an exotic block: Constraints from coeval Upper Triassic strata of the Tethys Himalaya(Qulonggongba Formation)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第5期62卷 783-797页

作者： Zhongyu MENG Jiangang WANG Weiqiang JI Hao ZHANG Fuyuan WU eduardo garzanti Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Provenance Studies Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Università di Milano-Bicocca

The Upper Triassic Langjiexue Group in southeastern Tibet has long been an enigmatic geological unit. It belongs tectonically to the northern Tethys Himalayan zone, but provenance signatures of the detritus it contains are significantly different from those of typical Tethys Himalayan sandstones. Because the Langjiexue Group is everywhere in fault contact with Tethys Himalayan strata, its original paleogeographic position has remained controversial for a long time. According to some researchers, the Langjiexue Group was deposited onto the northern edge of the Indian passive continental margin, whereas others interpreted it as an independent block accreted to the northern Indian margin only during final India-Asia convergence and collision in the Paleocene. This study compares the Langjiexue Group and coeval Upper Triassic strata of the southern Tethys Himalayan zone(Qulonggongba Formation). Our new provenance data indicate that Qulonggongba Formation sandstones contain common felsic volcanic rock fragments, minor plagioclase, and euhedral to subhedral zircon grains yielding Late Paleozoic to Triassic ages. These provenance features compare well with those of the Langjiexue Group. Because the Qulonggongba Formation certainly belongs to the Tethys Himalayan zone, the provenance similarity with the Langjiexue Group indicates that the latter is also an in situ Tethys Himalayan sedimentary sequence rather than part of an exotic block. Volcanic detritus including Late Paleozoic to Triassic zircon grains in both Langjiexue Group and Qulonggongba Formation are interpreted to have been derived from the distant Gondwanide orogen generated by Pan-Pacific subduction beneath the southeastern margin of Gondwana. The Qulonggongba Formation, deposited above marlstones of the lower Upper Triassic Tulong Group, is overlain by India-derived coastal quartzose sandstones of the uppermost Triassic Derirong Formation. Deposition of both the Qulonggongba Formation and the Langjiexue Group were most likely controlled by regional tectonis

关键词： Tethys Himalaya Provenance analysis Langjiexue Group Detrital-zircon geochronology Tectonic setting Late Triassic Paleogeography

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砂岩(砂)的岩相分析和分类标准

地球科学 2020年第6期45卷 2186-2198页

作者：何杰王华 eduardo garzanti 中国地质大学资源学院湖北武汉430074 中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室湖北武汉430074 米兰比可卡大学物源分析实验室意大利米兰20126

定量的砂岩(砂)岩相学分析是重要的岩石学分析手段,有助于探讨沉积物的源区、背景和沉积盆地性质.在过去几十年中,科学家们对于砂岩(砂)的定量碎屑颗粒统计及其潜在地质意义(如沉积碎屑物与源区母岩的关系、沉积过程对碎屑组分的影响、... 详细信息

定量的砂岩(砂)岩相学分析是重要的岩石学分析手段,有助于探讨沉积物的源区、背景和沉积盆地性质.在过去几十年中,科学家们对于砂岩(砂)的定量碎屑颗粒统计及其潜在地质意义(如沉积碎屑物与源区母岩的关系、沉积过程对碎屑组分的影响、碎屑组分与大地构造背景的关系等)取得了很多进展,但是对于定量的岩相分析方法和命名方案一直缺少系统的总结,导致一些实际工作中的波折和误区.在总结前人文献的基础上,系统描述了砂岩(砂)定量岩相分析的方法,并推荐最优的分类命名方案,希望建立统一的工作规范,本文提升砂岩(砂)碎屑颗粒统计结果的可靠性和数据的可对比性.同时,我们对砂岩构造背景判别图解的适用性进行了探讨,认为图解是展示砂岩碎屑组分统计结果的有效工具,但用于构造背景判断时则需谨慎,最好基于岩石本身的特征并结合其他资料综合探讨.

关键词：砂岩岩相学 Gazzi-Dickinson碎屑统计法 QFL三角图物源区构造背景石油地质

3-D seismic interpretation of stratigraphic and structural features in the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous sequence of the Gullfaks Field,Norwegian North Sea:A case study of reservoir development

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2021年第4期2卷 287-297页

作者： Muhammad Usman Numair Ahmed Siddiqui eduardo garzanti Muhammad Jamil Qazi Sohail Imran Luqman Ahmed Laboratory for Provenance Studies Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano-BicoccaPiazza Della Scienza 420126MilanoItaly Geoscience Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Shale Gas Research Group Institute of Hydrocarbon RecoveryUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahore56300Pakistan

The 3-D seismic dataset is a key tool to analyze and understand the mechanism of structural and stratigraphic hydrocarbon(HC)trapping in the subsurface.Conventionally used subsurface seismic characterization methods for fractures are based on the theory of effective anisotropy medium.The aim of this work is to improve the structural images with dense sampling of 3-D survey to evaluate structural and stratigraphic models for reservoir development to predict reservoir quality.The present study of the Gullfaks Field,located in the Norwegian North Sea Gullfaks sector,identifies the shallowest structural elements.The steepness of westward structural dip decreases eastward during the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous deposition.Reservoir sands consist of the Middle Jurassic deltaic deposits and Lower Jurassic fluvial channel and delta plain deposits.Sediment supply steadily prevails on sea-level rise and the succession displays a regressive trend indicated by a good continuous stacking pattern.The key factor for the development of reservoirs in the Gullfaks Field is fault transmissibility with spatially distributed pressure.The majority of mapped faults with sand-to-sand contacts are non-sealing,which provide restriction for the HC flow between the fault blocks.The traps for HC accumulation occur between the post-rift and syn-rift strata,i.***.antiform set by extensional system,unconformity trap at the top of syndeposition,and structural trap due to normal faults.Overall reservoir quality in the studied area is generally excellent with average 35%porosity and permeability in the Darcy range.Our findings are useful to better understand the development of siliciclastic reservoirs in similar geological settings worldwide.

关键词： 3-D seismic model Mesozoic stratigraphic boundary Structural trap Reservoir quality Gullfaks Field

碰撞造山带海沟盆地的识别——以雅鲁藏布缝合带为例

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中国科学：地球科学 2020年第12期50卷 1893-1905页

作者：胡修棉安慰 eduardo garzanti 刘群南京大学大陆动力学研究院内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室南京大学地球科学与工程学院南京210023 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院合肥230009 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Università di Milano-BicoccaMilano 20126Italy

海沟盆地是俯冲带重要的沉积储库,记录了古水系和古地理信息.长期以来造山带海沟盆地的识别一直存在巨大挑战.近年来在雅鲁藏布缝合带成功识别出多套海沟盆地地层.根据时代和构造背景的差异,这些地层可分为两类:一类发育于白垩纪新特提... 详细信息

海沟盆地是俯冲带重要的沉积储库,记录了古水系和古地理信息.长期以来造山带海沟盆地的识别一直存在巨大挑战.近年来在雅鲁藏布缝合带成功识别出多套海沟盆地地层.根据时代和构造背景的差异,这些地层可分为两类:一类发育于白垩纪新特提斯洋俯冲阶段,包括甲查拉组、荣马瓦组、罗岗错组;另一类形成于古近纪印度-亚洲大陆初始碰撞阶段,以桑单林组-者雅组为代表.前者发育在俯冲的特提斯洋壳上,在大洋俯冲阶段增生到俯冲杂岩带;而后者不整合沉积于印度大陆北缘,在大陆初始碰撞阶段卷入到俯冲杂岩带.海沟盆地典型的岩石类型包括硅质岩、硅质页岩、粉砂质和砂质浊积岩,以出现滑塌堆积和缺乏碳酸盐岩为特征.碎屑物质主要来自上覆板片.本文总结了海沟盆地的基本特征和识别依据.

关键词：海沟盆地物源分析雅鲁藏布缝合带藏南白垩纪-古近纪喜马拉雅造山带