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Big data technology in infectious diseases modeling,simulation,and prediction after the COvID-19 outbreak

Intelligent Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 85-96页

作者： Honghao Shi Jingyuan Wang Jiawei Cheng Xiaopeng Qi Hanran Ji Claudio J Struchiner Daniel AM villela eduard v karamov Ali S Turgiev School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Center for Global Public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102211China Fundação Getúlio vargas Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Medicina Social Hesio Cordeiro Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Programa de Computação Científica Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health Russia National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases of the Russian Ministry of Health Russia

After the outbreak of COvID-19,the interaction of infectious disease systems and social systems has challenged traditional infectious disease modeling *** from the research purpose and data,researchers im-proved the structure and data of the compartment model or used agents and artificial intelligence based models to solve epidemiological *** terms of modeling methods,the researchers use compartment subdivi-sion,dynamic parameters,agent-based model methods,and artificial intelligence related *** terms of factors studied,the researchers studied 6 categories:human mobility,nonpharmaceutical interventions(NPIs),ages,medical resources,human response,and *** researchers completed the study of factors through modeling methods to quantitatively analyze the impact of social systems and put forward their suggestions for the future transmission status of infectious diseases and prevention and control *** review started with a research structure of research purpose,factor,data,model,and *** on the post-COvID-19 infectious disease prediction simulation research,this study summarized various improvement methods and analyzes matching improvements for various specific research purposes.

关键词： Infectious disease model Data embedding Social system Dynamic Modeling the social systems

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Applying refined pancreaticogastrostomy techniques in pancreatic trauma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第5期14卷 521-524页

作者： Jake Krige Marc Bernon eduard Jonas Department of Surgery University of Cape Town Health Sciences FacultyCape Town 7925South Africa

We comment on a study titled“Feasibility and safety of"bridging"pancreaticogastrostomy for pancreatic trauma in Landrace pigs”in which ten pigs were randomized to either experimental“bridging”pancreaticogastrostomy(PG)or a control group with a routine mucosa-to-mucosa *** six months anastomoses had strictured and closed in both *** authors concluded that“bridging”PG is feasible and safe in damage control surgery during the early stage of pancreatic *** this letter we comment on the study design,specifically leaving a 2 cm gap between the pancreatic stump and the stomach and highlight the complexity of performing pancreatic anastomoses following trauma pancreaticoduodenectomy as to our experience in a high volume trauma *** data emphasize that pancreatic anastomoses in trauma are complex procedures with significant postoperative morbidity and are best managed collaboratively by trauma and hepatopancreaticobiliary surgical teams with the required technical skills.

关键词： Pancreatic trauma Pancreatic anastomoses Pancreaticogastrostomy Complications

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Intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1165-1179页

作者： Lena Antoni Sabine Nuding Jan Wehkamp eduard F Stange Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Stuttgart University of Tübingen eduard F Stange Department of Internal Medicine I Robert-Bosch-Hospital

A complex mucosal barrier protects as the first line of defense the surface of the healthy intestinal tract from adhesion and invasion by luminal microorganisms. In this review, we provide an overview about the major components of this protective system as for example an intact epithelium, the synthesis of various antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and the formation of the mucus layer. We highlight the crucial importance of their correct functioning for the maintenance of a proper intestinal function and the prevention of dysbiosis and disease. Barrier disturbances including a defective production of AMPs, alterations in thickness or composition of the intestinal mucus layer, alterations of pattern-recognition receptors, defects in the process of autophagy as well as unresolved endoplasmic reticulum stress result in an inadequate host protection and are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

关键词： Intestinal barrier, Antimicrobial peptide, Mucus layer, Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’ s disease, Ulcerative colitis, Goblet cell, Paneth cell

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Frailty is independently associated with increased hospitalisation days in patients on the liver transplant waitlist

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 899-905页

作者： Marie Sinclair eduard Poltavskiy Jennifer L Dodge Jennifer C Lai Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCa 94143United States

AIMTo investigate the impact of physical frailty on risk of hospitalisation in cirrhotic patients on the liver transplant *** listed for liver transplantation at a single centre underwent frailty assessments using the Fried Frailty Index, consisting of grip strength, gait speed, exhaustion, weight loss, and physical activity. Clinical and biochemical data including MELD score as collected at the time of assessment. The primary outcome was number of hospitalised days per year; secondary outcomes included incidence of infection. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed using negative binomial regression to associate baseline parameters including frailty with clinical outcomes and estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR).RESULTSOf 587 cirrhotics, 64% were male, median age (interquartile range) was 60 (53-64) years and MELD score was 15 (12-18). Median Fried Frailty Index was 2 (1-3); 31.6% were classified as frail (fried frailty ≥ 3). During 12 mo of follow-up, 43% required at least 1 hospitalisation; 38% of which involved major infection. 107/184 (58%) frail and 142/399 (36%) non-frail patients were hospitalised at least once (P variable analysis, Fried Frailty Index was associated with total hospitalisation days per year (IRR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.28-1.77; P ≤ 0.001), which remained significant on multivariable analysis after adjustment for MELD, albumin, and gender (IRR for frailty of 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02-1.44; P = 0.03). Incidence of infection was not influenced by *** cirrhotics on the liver transplant waitlist, physical frailty is a significant predictor of hospitalisation and total hospitalised days per year, independent of liver disease severity.

关键词： Hospitalisation Infection Cirrhosis Frailty Transplantation

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Prophylactic transcatheter arterial embolization reduces rebleeding in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第40期27卷 6985-6999页

作者： Eszter Boros Zoltán Sipos Péter Hegyi Brigitta Teutsch Levente Frim Szilárd váncsa Szabolcs Kiss FanniDembrovszky eduard Oštarijaš Andrew Shawyer Bálint Erőss Institute for Translational Medicine University of PecsMedical SchoolPécs 7624Hungary First Department of Internal Medicine St.George University Teaching Hospital of County FejérSzékesfehérvár 8000Hungary Szentágothai Research Center University of PecsPécs 7624Hungary Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine University of SzegedSzeged 6720Hungary Department of Interventional Radiology University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation TrustBournemouth BH77DWUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Despite the improvement in the endoscopic hemostasis of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NvUGIB),rebleeding remains a major *** To assess the role of prophylactic transcatheter arterial embolization(PTAE)added to successful hemostatic treatment among NvUGIB *** We searched three databases from inception through October 19th,*** controlled trials(RCTs)and observational cohort studies were *** compared patients with NvUGIB receiving PTAE to those who did not get *** outcomes were rebleeding,mortality,reintervention,need for surgery and transfusion,length of hospital(LOH),and intensive care unit(ICU)*** the quantitative synthesis,odds ratios(ORs)and weighted mean differences(WMDs)were calculated with the random-effects model and interpreted with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS We included a total of 3 RCTs and 9 observational studies with a total of 1329 patients,with 486 in the intervention *** was associated with lower odds of rebleeding(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.29–0.78).There was no difference in the 30-d mortality rates(OR=0.82,95%CI:0.39–1.72)between the PTAE and control *** who underwent PTAE treatment had a lower chance for reintervention(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.31–0.76)or rescue surgery(OR=0.35,95%CI:0.14–0.92).The LOH and ICU stay was shorter in the PTAE group,but the difference was non-significant[WMD=-3.77,95%CI:(-8.00)–0.45;WMD=-1.33,95%CI:(-2.84)–0.18,respectively].CONCLUSION PTAE is associated with lower odds of rebleeding and any reintervention in ***,further RCTs are needed to have a higher level of evidence.

关键词： Prophylactic transcatheter arterial embolization Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding Rebleeding Reintervention Meta-analysis Review

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Resection and reconstruction in high-grade pancreatic head injuries

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1467-1469页

作者： Jake Krige eduard Jonas Andrew John Nicol Pradeep Harkson Navsaria HPB Surgery University of Cape Town Health Sciences FacultyCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa Trauma Center Department of SurgeryGroote Schuur HospitalCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa Department of Surgery Trauma CenterGroote Schuur HospCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa

This study by Chui et al adds further important evidence in the treatment of highgrade pancreatic injuries and endorses the concept of the model of pancreatic trauma care designed to optimize treatment,minimize morbidity and enhance survival in patients with complex pancreatic *** the authors have demonstrated favorable outcomes based on their limited experience of 5 patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD),including 2 patients who were“unstable”and did not have damage control surgery(DCS),we would caution against the general recommendations promoting index PD without DCS in“unstable”grade 5 pancreatic head injuries.

关键词： Pancreas Injury Surgery Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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Impact of environmental and dietary factors on the course of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3814-3822页

作者： eduard Cabré Eugeni Domènech Inflammatory Bowel Dis ease Unit Department of GastroenterologyHospital Universi tari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain Network for Biomedical Research in Liver and Digestive Diseases(CIBEREHD) 08036 BarcelonaSpain

Besides their possible effects on the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),some environmental factors can modulate the clinical course of both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD).This review is mainly devoted to describing the current knowledge of the impact of some of these factors on the outcome of IBD,with special emphasis on smoking and *** the impact of smoking on the susceptibility to develop CD and UC is firmly established,its influence on the clinical course of both diseases is still *** CD,active smoking is a risk factor for postoperative *** this clinical setting,smoking cessation seems to be advantageous in those CD patients who were smokers at disease diagnosis,while smoking resumption may be of benefit in ex-smokers with resistant *** role of dietary habits on the development of IBD is far from being well ***,food intolerances are very frequent,but usually inconsistent among IBD patients,and therefore no general dietary recommendations can be made in these *** general,IBD patients should eat a diet as varied as *** the possible therapeutic role of some dietary components in IBD,lessons should be drawn from the investigation of the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in ***-fat diets seem to be particularly ***,some lipid sources,such as olive oil,medium-chain triglycerides,and perhaps omega-3 fatty acids,might have a therapeutic *** fiber may have a role in preventing relapses in inactive UC.

关键词： Environmental factors Dietary factors Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Smoking Infections Inflammatory bowel disease

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Expansion of endothelial surface by an increase of vessel diameter during tumor angiogenesis in experimental hepatocellular and pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第21期10卷 3171-3174页

作者： eduard Ryschich eduard Schmidt Sasa-Marcel Maksan Ernst Klar Jan Schmidt Department of Surgery University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

AIM: A low vessel density is a common feature of malignant tumors. We suggested that the expansion of vessel diameter might reconstitute the oxygen and nutritient's supply in this situation. The aim of the present study was to compare the number and diameter of blood vessels in pancreatic and liver carcinoma with normal ***: Tumor induction of pancreatic (DSL6A) or hepatocellular (Morris-hepatoma) carcinoma was performed in male Lewis (pancreatic cancer) and ACI (hepatoma) rats by an orthotopic inoculation of solid tumor fragments (pancreatic cancer) or tumor cells (hepatoma). Six weeks (pancreatic cancer) or 12 d (hepatoma) after tumor implantation, the tumor microvasculature as well as normal pancreatic or liver blood vessels were investigated by intravital microscopy. The number of perfused blood vessels in tumor and healthy tissue was assessed by computer-assisted image ***: The vessel density in healthy pancreas (565±89n/mm^2) was significantly higher compared to pancreatic cancer (116±36 n/mm^2) (Pver showed also a significantly higher vessel density (689+36 n/ram2) compared to liver carcinoma (286+32 n/mm2) (Pvessel diameter in both malignant tumors compared to normal tissue (Pvessel diameter rather than by formation of new blood vessels. This may be a possible adaptive mechanism by which experimental pancreatic and hepatocellular cancers expand their endothelial diffusion surface of endothelium to compensate for inadequate neoangiogenesis.

关键词：内皮表面扩充作用导管直径肿瘤血管生成实验性肝细胞胰腺癌消化系统

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Aorto-oesophageal fistula after corrosive ingestion:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第5期14卷 506-513页

作者： Matthias Frank Scriba Urda Kotze Nadraj Naidoo eduard Jonas Galya Eileen Chinnery Surgical Gastroenterology Unit Department of SurgeryGroote Schuur HospitalUniversity of Cape TownCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa Surgical Gastroenterology Unit Department of SurgeryUniversity of Cape TownFaculty of Health SciencesCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit Department of SurgeryGroote Schuur HospitalUniversity of Cape TownCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa

BACKGROUND Aorto-oesophageal fistula(AOF)are uncommon and exceedingly rare after corrosive *** authors report a case of AOF after corrosive ingestion that survived.A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify all cases of AOF after corrosive ingestion to determine the incidence of this condition,how it is best managed and what the outcomes *** SUMMARY A previously healthy 30-year-old male,presented with a corrosive oesophageal injury after drain cleaner *** did not require acute surgical resection,but developed long-segment oesophageal stricturing,which was initially managed with cautious dilatation and later *** AOF was suspected at endoscopy performed two months after the ingestion,when the patient represented with massive upper gastrointestinal *** fistula was confirmed on computerised tomographic *** initial bleeding at endoscopy was temporised by oesophageal stenting;a second stent was placed when bleeding recurred later the same *** stenting successfully achieved temporary bleeding control,but resulted in sudden respiratory distress,which was found to be due to left main bronchus compression caused by the overlapping oesophageal *** bleeding control was achieved by endovascular aortic stent-grafting.A retrosternal gastroplasty was subsequently performed to achieve gastrointestinal diversion to reduce the risk of stent-graft *** was subsequently successfully discharged and remains well one year post *** AOF after corrosive ingestion is exceedingly rare,with a very high *** occur weeks to months after the initial corrosive *** management is ill-advised.

关键词： Aorto-oesophageal fistula Corrosive/caustic injury Corrosive ingestion Case report

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Enhancement of leukocyte adhesion after percutaneous irradiation in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第13期11卷 1991-1994页

作者： Sasa-Marcel Maksan eduard Schmidt eduard Ryschich Wolfgang Harms Jan Schmidt Department of Surgery Department of Radiation Therapy

AIM: To evaluate the effects of percutaneous radiation on leukocyte-endothelium interaction (LEI) in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Twelve ACI rats underwent HCC-inoculation, six of which on day 12 received low-dose external radiation and six did not. After 12 h intravital microscopy was performed. RESULTS: LEI was significantly reduced in tumor tissue. However,irradiation of liver sinusoids and tumor tissue with 6 Gy led to a significant activation of leukocyte adhesion in the tumor with a marked increase of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the immune-logical tumor-endothelial barrier can be overcome by external irradiation.

关键词： Radiation Hepatocellular carcinoma Immune response Animal model

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