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Resistance of stored bean varieties to Acanthoscelides obtectus （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）

Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 317-326页

作者： edson l.l. bal.in Fernando M. lara Department of Plant Production-Faculty of Agronomic Sciences/Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Sao Paulo State Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agranan and Veterinary Sciences / Sao Paulo State University Zip Code 14884-900 Jaboticabal Sao Paulo State Brazil

During bean seed storage, yield can be lost due to infestations of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, the bean weevil. The use of resistant varieties has shown promising results in fighting these insects, reducing infestation levels and eliminating chemical residues from the beans. The expression of resistance to A. obtectus in bean varieties is frequently attributed to the presence of phytohemagglutinins, protease inhibitors and alpha-amylase, and especially to variants of the protein arcelin, which reduce the larval viability of these insects. To evaluate the effect of bean seed storage time on the resistance expression of bean varieties to A. obtectus, tests with seeds of three ages （freshly-harvested, 4-month-old, and 8-monthold） were conducted in the laboratory, using four commercial varieties： Carioca Pitoco, Ipa 6, Porrillo 70, Onix; four improved varieties containing arcelin protein： Arc. 1, Arc.2, Arc. 3, Arc.4; and three wild varieties also containing arcelin protein： ***, Arc.3S, and Arc. 5S. The Arc.5S, ***, and Arc.2 varieties expressed high antibiosis levels against the weevil; Arc.1 and Arc3S expressed the same mechanism, but at lower levels. The occurrence of oviposition non-preference was also observed in Arc.5S and Arc. 1S. The Arc.3 and Arc. 4 varieties expressed low feeding non-preference levels against A. obtectus. The expression of resistance in arcelin-bearing, wild or improved varieties was affected during the storage of seeds, and was high under some parameters but low in others. The results showed that addition of chemical resistance factors such as protein arcelin via genetic breeding may be beneficial in improving the performance of bean crops.

关键词： antibiosis antixenosis bean weevil host plant resistance Phaseolus vulgaris

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A hybrid solar-biogas system for post-COVID-19 rural energy access

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： Ochuko K.Overen KeChrist Obileke edson l Meyer Golden Makaka Oliver O.Apeh Fort Hare Institute of Technology University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Physics Renewable Energy Research CentreUniversity of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and Build EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa

Solar home systems for rural electrification are often designed with a limited energy supply,which presents a drawback for the ***,uncontrolled livestock faeces in rural communities constitute environmental sanitation and health *** excrement can be used through a biogas digester to supplement solar energy to provide adequate and sustainable elec-tricity access to underserved rural communities while achieving waste ***,this study presents a hybrid solar-biogas system for a more dynamic energy supply and waste management for post-Covid recovery plans in rural communities.A parametric research approach that involves the use of the Integrated Environment Solution Virtual Environment software application and mathematical models to design the desired household load and the hybrid system sizing is used in the *** findings show that the daily household energy consumption was 6.6 kWh,equivalent to 206.40 kWh/month.A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m^(3)hybrid solar-biogas system was found to adequately power the ***,the total initial investment cost of the system was$5777.20 with a net present value of$6566.78,net profit of$4443.6,a payback period of 14 years and 8 months,and a levelized cost of energy of$0.21/kWh;these include a 60%initial investment and maintenance costs *** performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectively run and operate the *** study successfully revealed the design,specifications and upscaling mechanism of the proposed hybrid solar-biogas *** research is required to unveil the efficacy of the system,the performance gap and the perception of the technology by the beneficiaries.

关键词： energy access sustainable rural development clean energy waste management post-COVID-19 recovery plan

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Efficiency of soil-applied ^(67)Zn-enriched fertiliser across three consecutive crops

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Pedosphere 2021年第4期31卷 531-537页

作者： edson M.MATTIEllO Eduardo l.CANCEllIER Rodrigo C.DA SIlVA Fien DEGRYSE Roslyn BAIRD Mike J.MClAUGHlIN Department of Soil Science Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMinas Gerais(Brazil) Department of Soil Science Universidade Federal de LavrasMinas Gerais(Brazil) The University of Adelaide School of AgricultureFood and WineFertiliser Technology Research CentrePMB 1Waite CampusGlen Osmond SA 5064(Australia)

A very small amount of applied zinc(Zn) is taken up by crops, resulting in low recovery by plants. Adding elemental sulphur to zinc oxide(ZnO) fertiliser could improve Zn solubilisation and exert a higher residual effect on crops than soluble Zn sources. We produced an isotopically labelled Zn-elemental sulphur fertiliser and evaluated its performance in comparison to traditional Zn sources during sequential crop cultivation. Three ^(67)Zn-labelled fertilisers,ZnO, zinc sulphate(ZnSO_(4)), and ZnO co-granulated with elemental sulphur(ZnOS^(0)), were soil applied, and their contributions to the uptake of Zn by three consecutive crops, wheat, ryegrass, and corn, were assessed in a 294-d pot experiment. The contributions of Zn fertilisers followed the order: ZnSO_(4) > ZnO= ZnOS^(0). The relative contributions of Zn fertilisers were lower in the first crop than in the subsequent crops. The overall recovery of applied Zn by the three crops was higher for ZnSO_(4) than for ZnO and ZnOS^(0), reaching 1.56%, 0.45%, and 0.33% of the applied Zn, respectively. Zinc recovery by plants was very low, regardless of the source of Zn. Adding elemental sulphur to ZnO did not increase its effectiveness up to 294 d after application. Fertiliser contribution was higher for the subsequent crops than for the initial crop, indicating the importance of assessing the residual effects of Zn fertilisers.

关键词： agronomic biofortification elemental sulphur fertilizer residual effect plant uptake Zn bioavailability Zn fertilization Zn source

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Contribution of inrush current to mechanical failure of power transformers windings

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High Voltage 2019年第4期4卷 300-307页

作者： Rafael M.R.Barros edson Gda Costa Jalberth F.Araujo Filipe l.Mde Andrade Tarso V.Ferreira Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeAprigio Veloso St.882Campina GrandeBrazil

This work presents a study regarding the contribution of inrush current to the occurrence of mechanical fatigue in windings of a power transformer and,consequently,the impact of that phenomenon on the equipment's *** order to perform the study,electromagnetic transient simulations were used to determine the inrush current in a three-phase transformer ***,three-dimensional simulations,based on the finite element method,were performed to determine the electromechanical stresses in the equipment windings,under the effect of the inrush ***,the methods of critical plans and Palmgren–Miner were applied to perform the fatigue *** the results,the impact of inrush current on the integrity of the transformer's windings was determined,as well as,to estimate the reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to inrush *** number of inrushes needed for the total reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to mechanical fatigue was also *** results can be used in the transformers design stage,with the purpose of assisting the evaluation of mechanical withstand of equipment,which can minimise the possibility of failure and increase its lifespan.

关键词： winding fatigue power

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Termite Resistance of Heat-Treated Eucalyptus OSB Bonded with Eco-Friendly Castor Oil Adhesive

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第11期12卷 1911-1925页

作者： Estefani S.Sugahara Andre M.A.Dias Fernanda D.Maffioletti Juarez B.Paes Andre l.Christoforo edson C.Botelho Alfredo M.P.G.Dias Cristiane I.Campos SerQ Innovation and Competence Forest CenterSertã6100-711Portugal Materials and Technology Department Faculty of Engineering and Sciences of GuaratinguetáSão Paulo State University(UNESP)Guaratinguetá12516-410Brazil Department of Civil Engineering University of CoimbraCoimbra3030-790Portugal Exact Sciences and Technology Center Federal University of São CarlosSão Carlos13565-905Brazil Department of Forest and Wood Science Federal University of Espírito SantoJeronimo Monteiro29550-000Brazil

Over the last decade,the oriented strand board(OSB)market presented meaningful ***,as a woodbased product,because of its anatomical structure and chemical composition,OSB can be damaged by biodeterioration *** that,the biodeterioration of OSB panels must be investigated to improve its *** this way,this work analyses the biological resistance against termites(Cryptotermes brevis and Nasutitermes corniger)of heat-treated OSB panels made with Eucalyptus wood glued with vegetable-based polyurethane-an ecofriendly and sustainable adhesive derived from castor *** panels were produced with different layers compositions(face:core:face of 25:50:25 and 30:40:30)in wood mass proportion and were submitted to postproduction heat treatment(at 175℃ and 200℃)replacing the use of chemical *** influence of the layers variation and heat treatment temperature were evaluated,and these results were compared with commercial panels(made from pinus wood with insecticide).The results showed that the heat treatment did not improve the resistance against termite ***,all the experimental panels presented a satisfactory performance that was compatible with the commercial panels produced with insecticide available in the Brazilian *** combination of Eucalyptus wood and castor oil adhesive to produce OSB,in any variation of layer composition,demonstrated natural resistance against termite attack compatible with the commercial panels,even without using chemical additives to increase durability.

关键词： Alternative raw materials biodeterioration OSB panel castor oil adhesive wood products

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An Unusual Case of a Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome with Negative Anti-GBM and ANCA Antibodies

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第8期7卷 461-469页

作者： Fabrício Malaguez Webber edson Ricardo Junior Maria Belen lópez Morillo Emanuel Malaguez Webber Centro de Especialidades Médicas San lorenzo El Salvador Chile Hospital Antô nio Prudente Natal Brazil Hospital Regional Teresinha Gaio Basso S&atilde o Miguel do Oeste Brazil

Pulmonary renal syndrome (PRS) is a high mortality, rare disorder presenting with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and progressive acute glomerulonephritis. This syndrome is often caused by autoimmune entities, the most frequent being ANCA positive vasculitis and anti-GBM disease. We report a case of a 34-year-old Chilean woman, who initially presents with anemia and after a few days of inpatient management, starts with progressively worsening dyspnea, decrease in renal function and hematuria. The patient is initially diagnosed with pneumonia, but further evaluation using Thorax CT scan and renal biopsy confirms the suspicion of PRS. The case is of particular interest due to the lack of extensive bibliography on anti-GBM and ANCA negative pulmonary-renal syndrome, an uncategorized subtype of this syndrome with unknown optimal management.

关键词： Pulmonary Renal Syndrome Goodpasture ANCA Anti-GBM

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A high-power electromagnetic source for disabling improvised explosive devices

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 403-409页

作者： laurent Ariztia Njomza Ibrahimi Alexey Zhabin Antoine Silvestre de Ferron Marc Rivaletto edson Martinod Valérie Bertrand Bucur Novac laurent Pécastaing Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPASIAMEPauFrance XlIM UMR CNRS BriveLimogesFrance CISTEME LimogesFrance Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK

Ultra-wideband(UWB)microwave sources driven by specialised pulsed power generators have experienced a considerable development in the last decade due to their wide domain of new applications such as defence or counter-terrorism *** authors present the main findings of a research dedicated to the development of a pulsed power-driven electromagnetic field source for disabling improvised explosive devices(IED).The pulsed power generator driving the source is a 13-stage compact Marx producing voltage pulses reaching an amplitude of 0.5 MV,with a pulse repetition frequency(PRF)of up to 100 *** generator is coupled to a bipolar pulse forming line,providing bipolar pulses with a dV/dt of around 1.6 MV/*** pulsed power system feeds an array composed of 16 Koshelev-type UWB antennas through an impedance matching *** resulting electromagnetic source is capable to produce pulsed electric fields(PEFs)having a figure-of-merit(FOM)of 1 ***,practical experiments were carried out to study the effects of the PEFs on *** targets used in the present study are M2B type flashbulbs,known to have the same susceptibility as the US army M6 *** configurations of wires(shielded,twisted,etc)with different lengths were used in connecting items inside these *** tests were performed by placing the flashbulbs at different distances to determine the essential parameters(i.e.,amplitude,duration,and frequency range)of the PEFs required to trigger *** overview of the experimental campaign and the main findings are also presented followed by conclusions.

关键词： power bipolar source

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Genetic Improvement of Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>, l.) in Brazil: Yield Increase and Associated Traits

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第4期11卷 425-438页

作者： Osmar Rodrigues Euclydes Minella edson Roberto Costenaro Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Embrapa Wheat Passo Fundo RS Brazil

Barley breeding program in Brazil has focused on characteristics associated with malting for beer purposes as the main economic application for this crop. The breeding process focused on selection for grain yield, disease resistance and malting quality. The objective of this work was to quantify the genetic gain in barley grain yield from 1968 and 2008 in Brazil and to identify the physiological characteristics associated with the increase of grain yield. Field experiments with five 2-row barley cultivars were tested from 2011 to 2013 in the absence of biotic and abiotic stresses and with mechanical restriction to lodging. The ANOVA showed no genetic gain until 1980 with average grain yield of 4.632 kg/ha. After 1980, there was a productivity increase of 59.9 kg/ha/year. No correlation was observed between total maturity biomass and the year of release of the cultivars, while harvest index and plant height, were significantly improved. The main component associated with grain yield was the number of grains/m2, due to the higher number of spikes/m2 associated to a greater contribution of the tillers in the modern cultivars.

关键词： Barley Grain Yield Developmental Phases Genetic Gain Yield Components

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Oxidative stability of green weakfish(Cynoscion virescens)by-product surimi and surimi gel enhanced with a Spondias mombin *** phenolic-rich extract during cold storage

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1260-1267页

作者： Thamyres César de Albuquerque Sousa edson luís lima Silva Valquiria Cardoso da Silva Ferreira Marta Suely Madruga Fábio Anderson Pereira da Silva Postgraduate Program in Agrifood Technology Center for HumanSocial and Agrarian SciencesFederal University of ParaíbaBananeirasParaíba58220-000Brazil Center for Human Social and Agrarian SciencesFederal University of ParaíbaBananeirasParaíba58220-000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology Technology CenterFederal University of ParaíbaJardim Cidade UniversitáriaJoão PessoaParaíba58900-000Brazil

The aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of yellow mombin bagasse extract(YMBE),alone or combined with commercial cryoprotectants,on the quality changes during cold storage of surimi and surimi gel prepared with the cutting by-product of green weakfish(Cynoscion virescens).Four treatments were elaborated:SC(surimi control),SE(surimi with addition of 1%extract),SCP(surimi with the addition of 4%sorbitol+4%sucrose)and SECP(surimi with addition of 1%extract+4%sorbitol+4%sucrose).The addition of the extract was effective in maintaining the whiteness of the surimi and its gel throughout *** the end of 12 days of cold storage,the surimi gel prepared with SE treatment presented high whiteness compared to the control *** inclusion of 1%YMBE in isolation or combined with commercial cryoprotectants showed a positive effect on the inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation of *** conclusion,YMBE extract is a promising alternative to be used as a natural food preservative in surimi and surimi gel.

关键词： Natural antioxidant Cryoprotectants Gelification Oxidation Surimi

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Investigation into the Biogas Production Potential of Dairy Cattle Manure

Investigation into the Biogas Production Potential of Dairy ...

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作者： Christy E.Manyi-loh Sampson N.Mamphweli edson l.Meyer Anthony I.Okoh Golden Makaka Michael Simon University of Fort Hare CBEES

We investigated the biogas production potential of dairy cattle manure obtained from the Fort Hare Dairy Farm,Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A balloon type digester was charged with slurry of manure and operated under anaerobic digestion mode for six months. Fifty mill.l.ters of slurry was withdrawn at different time intervals to analyze the microbial counts and physicochemical parameters by viable plate count method and standard methods,respectively. Data demonstrated that the p H and temperature ranged from 5.68-7.63 and 17.0-25.04 oC,respectively. The total aerobic and anaerobic bacteria counts ranged from1.0 ×104-7.5×106 and 4 ×102-1.8×106 cfu/g,respectively,as well as the total yeast counts ranged from 2x102-1.0×106cfu/g. A linear regression model was developed that predicted the relationship between log total bacteria count and average slurry temperature,p H and days of digestion. The 11.2% TS,61.5% VS and 32.5 % ash content of the manure indicated that the dairy manure constituted of biodegradable portion. Biogas(4600cm3) was produced during digestion and was combustible after 120 days. Thus,we concluded that dairy manure harbors a considerable level of anaerobic bacteria and methanogens that participated effectively to degrade the organic portion of manure generating renewable energy.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion balloon digester biogas dairy manure microbial count

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