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Machine learning in liver surgery:Benefits and pitfalls

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第12期12卷 2134-2137页

作者： Rafael calleja Manuel Durán María Dolores Ayllón Ruben ciria Javier Briceño Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaMaimonides Biomedical Research Institute of CordobaCórdoba 14004Spain

The application of machine learning(ML)algorithms in various fields of hepatology is an issue of ***,we must be cautious with the *** this letter,based on a published ML prediction model for acute kidney injury after liver surgery,we discuss some limitations of ML models and how they may be addressed in the *** the future faces significant challenges,it also holds a great potential.

关键词： Machine learning Liver surgery Artificial intelligence Random forest Prediction model

Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:current understanding and future perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa Jorda Miguel Angel Torres Marina Martın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles Martın-Santamarıa centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental *** walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress *** cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(EcDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease ***,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific EcD-PRRs triggering PTI *** number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain ***,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,nod/MYc factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their EcDs(LRR-MAL RKs),catharanthus roseus REcEPTOR-LIKE KInASE 1-LIKE group(crRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their EcDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

Simultaneous removal of critical rare earth elements and chalcogen oxyanions by anaerobic granular sludge

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4595-4611页

作者： chiara Belloni Mohanakrishnan Logan Stefano Papirio Piet n.L.Lens University of Galway Department of civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico II

conventional mining of economically and strategically important critical rare earth elements(REEs)(such as neodymium, lanthanum and dysprosium), and chalcogens(such as selenium and tellurium) are associated with a huge economic and environmental cost. Therefore,the need to recover REEs as well as chalcogens from different waste streams including wastewaters is becoming urgent. Batch assays on synthetic chalcogen/REE-laden wastewater showed that the presence of REEs significantly improved the tellurite removal rate(> 80%) and enhanced selenate removal by 66% ± 10%. Three 3.9 L continuous upflow anaerobic granular sludge bed(UASB) reactors were operated at a hydraulic retention time of 24 h and30 °c. Selenate reduction was achieved with a removal efficiency of ～ 98% with an influent p H of 4.0 for more than 28 days. The effect of REEs on tellurite removal in the UASB bioreactor could not be clearly established since a soluble tellurium removal efficiency of more than 98%was observed already before the addition of REEs at elevated tellurite concentrations. The complete REE removal in both batch assays and UASB reactors at higher pH (7.0 ± 0.5) was attributed to precipitation, whereas chalcogen oxyanions removal was due to microbial reduction. However, at acidic p H, biosorption was responsible for REE's removal, and the Se-enriched sludge exhibited a superior REE's removal efficiency than the non-enriched and Te-enriched sludge.

关键词： Adsorption Bioreduction Rare earth elements Selenium Tellurium

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal cOVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter c Hayes John n Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish national Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUnD Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of cOVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)which causes cOVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(AcE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic AcE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** AcE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe cOVID-19,using AcE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** AcE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,AcE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but AcE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry cOVID-19 cOVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

Tuning structural,electrical,dielectric and magnetic properties of Mg-cu-co ferrites via dysprosium(Dy^(3+))doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 137-146,I0005页

作者： Maria Akhtar M.S.Hasan nasir Amin n.A.Morley Muhammad Imran Arshad Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Physics The University of Lahore53700Pakistan Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Physics&Astronomy University College LondonUK

In current research work,Dy3+substituted Mg0.5cu0.25co0.25Fe2-xDyxO4(0.0≤x≤0.04 with the step interval of 0.01)soft ferrites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto combustion *** prepared samples were characterized by the techniques using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(eds),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,curre nt-voltage(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)measurement,LcR meter,vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and *** data reveal that the average crystallite size is 49.71 nm and the lattice constant is 0.83703 nm for sample x=*** non-uniform grain growth was demonstrated by micrographs and impurity-free elemental composition was observed from EDX *** Dc resistivity has an increasing and decreasing trend in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions with an increase in ***,the high resistivity is observed with the order of 1010Ω·cm,and the activation energy is 0.944 eV for samples x=*** dielectric parameters including dielectric constant,dielectric losses,and impedance gradually decrease with the increase in frequency from 8 Hz to 8 *** minimum dielectric loss at high frequency is found for sample x=*** coercivity(Hc)and saturation magnetization(Ms)are found in the ranges of 520.82-544.02 Oe and 20.5841-21.1473 emu/g,*** observations confirm that dysprosium(x=0.03)doped Mcc-soft ferrites may be applicable in transformer cores,microwave absorbance,and telecommunication devices.

关键词： Soft ferrites Dc resistivity Dielectric loss Impedance coercivity Rare earths

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A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： J.V.J.congreve Y.Shi A.R.Dennis H.Druiff n.c.Tutt D.A.cardwell J.H.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BcO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BacuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical *** careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic *** of(RE)BcO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single ***(RE)BcO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating *** fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single *** this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of YBcOAg,GdBcO‐Ag,EuBcO‐Ag and SmBcO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray *** observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these *** suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth *** observation demonstrates there is freedom to us

关键词： YBcO‐Ag GdBcO‐Ag SmBcO‐Ag EuBcO‐Ag composition Bulk superconductor

An intelligent active probing and trace-back scheme for IoT anomaly detection

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Digital communications and networks 2024年第1期10卷 168-181页

作者： Luying Wang Lingyi chen neal n.Xiong Anfeng Liu Tian Wang Mianxiong Dong School of computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of computer Science and Mathematics Sul Ross State UniversityAlpineTX 79830USA Artificial Intelligence and Future networks Beijing Normal University&UICZhuhai 519087China Department of Information and Electronic Engineering Muroran Institute of TechnologyMuroran 050-8585Japan

Due to their simple hardware,sensor nodes in IoT are vulnerable to attack,leading to data routing blockages or malicious tampering,which significantly disrupts secure data *** Intelligent Active Probing and Trace-back Scheme for IoT Anomaly Detection(APTAD)is proposed to collect integrated IoT data by recruiting Mobile Edge Users(MEUs).(a)An intelligent unsupervised learning approach is used to identify anomalous data from the collected data by MEUs and help to identify anomalous nodes.(b)Recruit MEUs to trace back and propose a series of trust calculation methods to determine the trust of nodes.(c)The last,the number of active detection packets and detection paths are designed,so as to accurately identify the trust of nodes in IoT at the minimum cost of the network.A large number of experimental results show that the recruiting cost and average anomaly detection time are reduced by 6.5 times and 34.33%respectively,while the accuracy of trust identification is improved by 20%.

关键词： Anomaly detection Internet of things Integrating data collection Mobile edge users Intelligent

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“不同人工耳蜗电极电学特性研究”摘译

听力学及言语疾病杂志 2024年

作者：陈慧琴周道民 Swaddiwudhipong n Jiang c Landry TG 全省智能康复与神经电子转化重点实验室

跨阻抗矩阵(trans-impedance matrix,TIM)是指刺激电流在人工耳蜗(cI)电极上所产生的电压场强比率。该电压场强作用于螺旋神经节细胞激发神经冲动而产生听力。在耳蜗模型中对所有cI电极重复构建TIM曲线,所有电路都是公共接地的,即除了...

跨阻抗矩阵(trans-impedance matrix,TIM)是指刺激电流在人工耳蜗(cI)电极上所产生的电压场强比率。该电压场强作用于螺旋神经节细胞激发神经冲动而产生听力。在耳蜗模型中对所有cI电极重复构建TIM曲线,所有电路都是公共接地的,即除了被刺激的电极外,所有cI电极都用作公共回路电极。本实验在相对恒定的体外测试条件下,在耳蜗模型中测量了四种不同设计的cI电极刺激产生的TIM,并研究了cI电极在耳蜗模型中取向对TIM的影响。

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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo L.Peri Juan Gaitán Matías Mastrangelo Marcelo nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel Balducci Martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia Marina González Polo Silvina Manrique Pablo A.Meglioli Julián Rodríguez-Souilla Martín Mónaco Jimena E.chaves Ariel Medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi María Paula Barral Axel von Müller norberto M.Pahr Josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández Marina Morsucci Dardo López Juan Manuel cellini Leandro Alvarez Ignacio Barberis Hernán colomb Ludmila La Manna Sebastián Barbaro cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco Laura cavallero Gualberto Zalazar Guillermo Martínez Pastur Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (InTA) Universidad nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UnPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad nacional de Luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) ccT San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (InIBIOMA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques nacionales (APn) Parque Nacional Los Alerces centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (cEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background The nationally determined contribution（nDc） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United nations Framework conven-tion on climate change（UnFccc） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOc） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission Levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. The objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOc stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOc stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOc native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOc. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. To determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（LST） images from Landsat *** SOc model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. Total mean SOc stock reached 2.81 Pg c（2.71–2.84 Pg c with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity native forest climate change mitigation Modelling Resilience