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Comparative Study of the Socioeconomic Characteristics and Digital Literacy Level of Agricultural Extension Personnel in Imo and Ebonyi States, South-East, Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 230-245页

作者： Ogbonnaya Okoro Aja Cyril Chigozie Asiabaka Anthony Okorie Ani edna Chioma Matthews-Njoku Department of Agricultural Extension Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The study comparatively analysed the socioeconomic characteristics and digital literacy level of Agricultural Extension personnel (AEP) in Ebonyi and Imo States, South-East, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of agricultural extension personnel in Ebonyi and Imo States, and to ascertain the digital literacy level of AEP in the studied states. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 312 Agricultural Extension personnel (132 from Ebonyi State Agricultural Development Program and 180 from Imo State Agricultural Development Program) for the study. Data were collected through the use of validated and structured questionnaire, and administered through the help of well-trained enumerators. Data were analysed using simple descriptive statistical tools such as percentages mean score, standard deviation and weighted mean. Findings indicated that they were more male in the both States (55.3% and 57.8%) for Ebonyi and Imo State respectively and that the average age of AEP in Ebonyi and Imo States were 44.7 years and 49.2 years respectively. It was further revealed that the majority (77.3% and 82.8%) had ***./HND as their highest academic qualifications, belonged to professional organisations (62.1% and 75%), and were earning an average monthly income of N58,798 and N62,648 for Ebonyi and Imo State respectively. Also, it was revealed that their mean years of service were 12.4 years and 13.4 years for Ebonyi and Imo State respectively. Almost all of them (87.9% and 95.0%) own a smartphone, had access to the internet (80.3% and 90.0%), but do not own a laptop/ipad (82.6% and 72.8%) for Ebon-yi and Imo State respectively. Results further revealed that Agricultural extension personnel in both Ebonyi and Imo State respectively had low digital literacy level ( = 2.41 and 2.32). The study concluded that AEP in Ebonyi and Imo State respectively had similar socioeconomic characteristics and low level of digital literacy. The study

关键词： Agricultural Extension Personnel Digital Literacy Ebonyi State Imo State Socioeconomic Characteristics

Challenges and Opportunities Modeling the Dynamic Tumor Matrisome

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 239-246页

作者： Shelly R.Peyton Manu O.Platt edna Cukierman Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Cancer Signaling&Microenvironment Program Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute.Fox Chase Cancer CenterTemple HealthPhiladelphiaPAUSA

We need novel strategies to target the complexity of cancer and,particularly,of metastatic *** an example of this complexity,certain tissues are particularly hospitable environments for metastases,whereas others do not contain fertile microenvironments to support cancer cell *** evidence that the extracellular matrix(ECM)of tissues is one of a host of factors necessary to support cancer cell growth at both primary and secondary tissue sites is *** on cancer metastasis has largely been focused on the molecular adaptations of tumor cells in various cytokine and growth factor environments on 2-dimensional tissue culture polystyrene *** imaging,conversely,has transformed our ability to watch,in real time,tumor cell invasion,intravasation,extravasation,and *** the interstitial ECM that supports all cells in the tumor microenvironment changes over time scales outside the possible window of typical intravital imaging,bioengineers are continuously developing both simple and sophisticated in vitro controlled environments to study tumor(and other)cell interactions with this *** this perspective,we focus on the cellular unit responsible for upholding the pathologic homeostasis of tumor-bearing organs,cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),and their selfgenerated *** latter,together with tumoral and other cell secreted factors,constitute the“tumor matrisome”.We share the challenges and opportunities for modeling this dynamic CAF/ECM unit,the tools and techniques available,and how the tumor matrisome is remodeled(e.g.,via ECM proteases).We posit that increasing information on tumor matrisome dynamics may lead the field to alternative strategies for personalized medicine outside genomics.

关键词： invasion organs environments

Resting-state functional connectivity in lifelong musicians

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 154-161页

作者： Cyrus Eierud Andrew Michael David Banks edna Andrews Linguistics Program Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Duke Institute for Brain Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Statistical Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Background:It has been postulated that musicianship can lead to enhanced brain and cognitive reserve,but the neural mechanisms of this effect have been poorly *** professional musicianship in conjunction with novel brain imaging techniques offers a unique opportunity to examine brain network differences between musicians and matched ***:In this study we aim to investigate how resting-state functional networks(FNs)manifest in lifelong active *** will evaluate the FNs of lifelong musicians and matched healthy controls using resting-state functional magnetic resonance ***:We derive FNs using the data-driven independent component analysis approach and analyze the functional network con-nectivity(FNC)between the default mode(DMN),sensory-motor(SMN),visual(VSN),and auditory(AUN)*** examine whether the linear regressions between FNC and age are different between the musicians and the control ***:The age trajectory of average FNC across all six pairs of FNs shows significant differences between musicians and *** show an increase in average FNC with age while controls show a decrease(P=0.013).When we evaluated each pair of FN,we note that in musicians FNC values increased with age in DMN–AUN,DMN–VSN,and SMN–VSN and in controls FNC values decreased with age in DMN–AUN,DMN–SMN,AUN–SMN,and SMN–***:This result provides early evidence that lifelong musicianship may contribute to enhanced brain and cognitive *** of this study are preliminary and need to be replicated with a larger number of participants.

关键词： resting-state fMRI lifelong musicianship default mode network sensory-motor network functional network connectivity cognitive reserve

Delays in care for hydrocephalus and spina bifida at a tertiary hospital in Somaliland

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第1期6卷 17-23页

作者： Shukri Dahir Cesia Cotache-Condor Andie Grimm Mubarak Mohamed Henry Rice Smith edna Adan Ismail edna Adan University Hospital HargeisaSomaliland Department of Public Health Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA Duke Global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Surgery Duke School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Background Childhood neurosurgical conditions such as hydrocephalus and spina bifida represent a significant burden of death and disability worldwide,particularly in low and middle-income ***,there are limited data on the disease prevalence and delays in care for pediatric neurosurgical conditions in very low-resource *** study aims to characterize the delays in access to care for pediatric neurosurgical conditions in *** We performed a retrospective review of all children with congenital hydrocephalus and spina bifida admitted to the edna University Hospital(EAUH)in Somaliland between 2011 and *** demographics were analyzed with descriptive statistics and χ^(2) test *** defined delays in care for each condition based on standard care in high-income *** and multivariate logistic regression were performed to evaluate predictors of delay in *** significance was set at p<*** A total of 344 children were admitted to EAUH with neurosurgical conditions from 2011 to *** most common condition was congenital hydrocephalus(62%).Delays in care were found for 90%of patients and were associated with the type of diagnosis and *** longest delay among children with spina bifida was 60 months,while the longest delay for children with congenital hydrocephalus was 36 *** with congenital hydrocephalus or spina bifida traveling from foreign countries had the highest waiting time to receive care,with a median delay of 8 months(IQR:5–11 months)and 4 months(IQR:3–7 months),*** We found significant delays in care for children with neurosurgical conditions in *** country has an urgent need to scale up its surgical infrastructure,workforce,and referral pathways to address the needs of children with hydrocephalus and spina bifida.

关键词： delay tertiary traveling

Epidemiology of perforating peptic ulcer:A population-based retrospective study over 40 years

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第35期26卷 5302-5313页

作者： Aydin Dadfar Tom-Harald edna Department of Surgery Levanger HospitalNord-Trøndelag Hospital TrustLevanger 7600Norway Institute of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7491Norway

BACKGROUND The incidence of peptic ulcer disease has decreased during the last few decades,but the incidence of reported peptic ulcer complications has not *** peptic ulcer(PPU)is a severe form of the *** To assess trends in the incidence,presentation,and outcome of PPU over a period of 40 *** This was a single-centre,retrospective,cohort study of all patients admitted to Levanger Hospital,Norway,with PPU from 1978 to *** patients were identified in the Patient Administrative System of the hospital using International Classification of Diseases(ICD),revision 8,ICD-9,and ICD-10 codes for perforated gastric and duodenal *** reviewed the medical records of the patients to retrieve *** statistics were available for all *** incidence of PPU was analysed using Poisson regression with perforated ulcer as the dependent variable,and sex,age,and calendar year from 1978 to 2017 as *** survival analysis was performed to compare long-term survival over the four *** Two hundred and nine patients were evaluated,including 113(54%)***(22%)patients were older than 80 *** age increased from the first to the last decade(from 63 to 72 years).The incidence rate increased with increasing age,but we measured a decline in recent decades for both sexes.A significant increase in the use of acetylsalicylic acid,from 5%(2/38)to 18%(8/45),was observed during the study *** increased significantly over the 40 years of the study,with 22%(10/45)of the patients having an American Society of Anaesthesiologists(ASA)score 4-5 in the last decade,compared to 5%(2/38)in the first ***-nine percent(81/209)of the patients had one or more postoperative *** 100-day mortality and long-term survival were associated with ASA score,without significant variations between the *** Declining incidence rates occurred in recent years,but the patients were olde

关键词： Perforated peptic ulcer American Society of Anaesthesiologists classification Charlson Comorbidity Index Gastric ulcer Duodenal ulcer Epidemiology Incidence Clavien-Dindo classification of complications Mortality

The CST bounce universe model——A parametric study

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第1期62卷 9-15页

作者： Yeuk-Kwan edna Cheung Xue Song ShuYi Li YunXuan Li YiQing Zhu Department of Physics Nanjing University Institute of High Energy Physics China Academy of Sciences Department of Physics Princeton University Department of Physics Brown University California Institute of Technology ETH Zürich

A bounce universe model with a scale-invariant and stable spectrum of primordial density perturbations was constructed using a consistent truncation of the D-brane dynamics from Type IIB string theory. A coupling was introduced between the tachyon field and the adjoint Higgs field on the D3-branes to lock the tachyon at the top of its potential hill and to model the bounce process,which is known as the Coupled Scalar and Tachyon Bounce(CSTB) Universe. The CSTB model has been shown to be ghost free,and it fulfils the null energy condition; in addition, it can also solve the Big Bang cosmic singularity problem. In this paper we conduct an extensive follow-up study of the parameter space of the CSTB model. In particular we are interested in the parameter values that can produce a single bounce to arrive at a radiation-dominated universe. We further establish that the CSTB universe is a viable alternative to inflation, as it can naturally produce a sufficient number of e-foldings in the locked inflation epoch and in the post-bounce expansion to overcome the four fundamental limitations of the Big Bang cosmology, which are flatness, horizon,homogeneity and singularity, resulting in a universe of the current size.

关键词： bounce universe Big Bang singularity tachyon inflation flatness and horizon problems

Estimating the carbon fluxes of forests with an individual-based forest model

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第2期4卷 133-142页

作者： edna Rodig Andreas Huth Friedrich Bohn Corinna Rebmann Matthias Cuntz UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Permoserstr.1504318 LeipzigGermany University of Osnabruck BarbarastraSe 1249076 OsnabruckGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)HaHe-Jena-leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany INRA-Universite de Lorraine UMRU37 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Foresti^res54280 ChampenouxFrance

Background： Capturing the response of forest ecosystems to inter-annual climate variability is a great *** this study, we tested the capability of an individual-based forest gap model to display carbon fluxes at yearly and daily time *** forest model was applied to a spruce forest to simulate the gross primary production（GPP）, respiration and net ecosystem exchange（NEE）.We analyzed how the variability in climate affected simulated carbon fluxes at the scale of the forest ***： Six years were simulated at a daily time scale and compared to the observed eddy covariance（EC） *** general, the seasonal cycle of the individual carbon fluxes was correctly described by the forest ***, the estimated GPP differed from the observed data on the days of extreme climatic *** new parameterizations were developed： one resulting from a numerical calibration, and the other resulting from a filtering *** suggest new parameter values and even a new function for the temperature limitation of ***： The forest model reproduced the observed carbon fluxes of a forest ecosystem quite *** the three parameterizations, the calibrated model version performed ***, the filtering approach showed that calibrated parameter values do not necessarily correctly display the individual functional *** concept of simulating forest dynamics at the individual base is a valuable tool for simulating the NEE, GPP and respiration of forest ecosystems.

关键词： Forest model Temperate forest Carbon fluxes Eddy covariance FORMIND

Targeting the overexpressed mitochondrial protein VDAC1 in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease protects against mitochondrial dysfunction and mitigates brain pathology

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 1-30页

作者： Ankit Verma Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine Nikita Kamenetsky Srinivas Pittala Avijit Paul edna Nahon Crystal Alberto Ouro Vered Chalifa-Caspi Swaroop Kumar Pandey Alon Monsonego Noga Vardi Shira Knafo Varda Shoshan-Barmatz Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev84105 Beer-ShevaIsrael National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the Negev84105 Beer-ShevaIsrael Achva Academic College 79804 ShikmimIsrael Department of Physiology Faculty of Health SciencesBen-Gurion University of the Negev84105 Beer-ShevaIsrael Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev84105 Beer-ShevaIsrael The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunologyand GeneticsFaculty of Health SciencesBen-Gurion University of the Negev84105 Beer-ShevaIsrael NeuroAging Group(NEURAL) Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory(LINC)Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela(IDIS)15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain.

Background Alzheimer’s disease(AD)exhibits mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with dysregulated metabolism,brain inflammation,synaptic loss,and neuronal cell *** a key protein serving as the mitochondrial gatekeeper,the voltage-dependent anion channel-1(VDAC1)that controls metabolism and Ca2+homeostasis is positioned at a convergence point for various cell survival and death ***,we targeted VDAC1 with VBIT-4,a newly developed inhibitor of VDAC1 that prevents its pro-apoptotic activity,and mitochondria *** To address the multiple pathways involved in AD,neuronal cultures and a 5×FAD mouse model of AD were treated with *** addressed multiple topics related to the disease and its molecular mechanisms using immunoblotting,immunofluorescence,q-RT-PCR,3-D structural analysis and several behavioral *** In neuronal cultures,amyloid-beta(Aβ)-induced VDAC1 and p53 overexpression and apoptotic cell death were prevented by *** an AD-like 5×FAD mouse model,we showed that VDAC1 was overexpressed in neurons surrounding Aβplaques,but not in astrocytes and microglia,and this was associated with neuronal cell ***-4 prevented the associated pathophysiological changes including neuronal cell death,neuroinflammation,and neuro-metabolic ***-4 also switched astrocytes and microglia from being pro-inflammatory/neurotoxic to neuroprotective ***,VBIT-4 prevented cognitive decline in the 5×FAD mice as evaluated using several behavioral assessments of cognitive ***,VBIT-4 protected against AD pathology,with no significant change in phosphorylated Tau and only a slight decrease in Aβ-plaque *** The study suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction with its gatekeeper VDAC1 is a promising target for AD therapeutic intervention,and VBIT-4 is a promising drug candidate for AD treatment.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Metabolism Mitochondria Neuroinflammation VDAC1

Physical Profile of the Major Rivers in Eastern Samar inside the Samar Island Natural Park (SINP)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第10期13卷 747-758页

作者： Ma. Natalia A. Ciasico Maricar T. Obina Florence edna A. Ciasico Biology Department Eastern Samar State University Borongan Philippines

The study was conducted to illustrate the physical profile of the three major rivers of Eastern Samar inside the SINP to serve as a reference for the river landscape. Highlights of the profile are river width, depth, water velocity and water flow rate, potential source, river stretch, flood height and flood plain as inputs to development and disaster planning. Data presented here were based on field surveys supported and guided by reference maps. Based on the survey, a potential source of Oras and Ulot-Can-avid Rivers is San Jose de Buan, Samar while Suribao River flows from the closed-canopy forest from Borongan-Maydolong-Llorente (Eastern Samar). Flooding and erosion were observed in the three rivers, but the highest silt deposits and the widest flood plain were in Oras River, with the highest water flow rate in the upstream. Erosion and quarrying were observed in all rivers. Bamboo reforestation is conducted in Suribao River as river bank erosion control measures. Results of the survey revealed the high risk to our rivers and river villagers due to flooding and erosion, in addition to the loss of properties and livelihood, and the ecological conservation of the landscape. Collective rehabilitation measures should be crafted for a unified action to address environmental issues parallel to development plans to promote but sustainably manage our resources and protect our villagers.

关键词： SINP Oras River Ulot-Can-Avid River Suribao River Eastern Samar