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Potential Bacterial Health Risk Posed.to Consumers of Fresh Coconut (<i>Cocos nucifera</i>L.) Water

Food.and.Nutrition Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1136-1143页

作者： Ad.lf K. Awua edna d. doe Rebecca Agyare Cellular and.Clinical Research Centre Radiological and Medical Sciences Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water is a refreshing d.ink consumed.mostly d.rectly from the fruit. However, in recent times, consumers in Accra prefer to have it transferred.into plastic bags for later consumption;this favours a high risk of bacterial contamination. Since it is rich in nutrient, it may become unwholesome with possible high bacteria load.. However, its use for managing and.preventing d.arrhoeal d.seases and.the report that coconut water contains anti-bacterial proteins, suggests a bacteria growth inhibition potential for it. Therefore, the propensity of fresh coconut water to support the growth of two pathogenic bacteria was stud.ed. Using mostly optical d.nsity measurement, and.where possible, growth parameters and.bacteria load. were estimated.for the growth of two gram negative bacteria in fresh, stored.and.sterilized.coconut water, and.also in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth as a control. The stud. revealed.that fresh coconut water is a d.ink favourable for the survival and.growth of Escherichia coli, and.Klebsiella pneumoniae. It supported.the growth of these bacteria record.ng lag times of 101.4 ± 1.00 minutes for E. coli and.154.8 ± 0.45 minutes for K. pneumoniae, and.high load. of viable cells of ~ 2.27 × 108 cfu/mL and.> 2.83 × 108 cfu/mL at the stationary phase for E. coli and.K. pneumoniae respectively. These and.other growth parameters in coconut water were comparable to those in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth med.um. However, when autoclaved. gamma irrad.ated.or stored.at 4℃ for two weeks or more, the growth of these bacteria becomes extremely limited. Fresh coconut water will support the growth of these bacteria to high and.infective load.of viable cell if it becomes contaminated.with and.is kept at ambient temperatures for two or more hours. Thus, it will be safer to consume coconut water d.rectly from the fruit, since there is a high risk for bacteria contamination associated.with the transfer and.storage in other containers.

关键词： Coconut Water Bacterial Growth Curves Health Risk

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Carbene chemistry for unnatural biosynthesis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 204-207页

作者： Jing Huang Jay d.Keasling d.partment of Chemical and.Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville 94608USA Biological Systems and.Engineering d.vision Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeley 94720USA Novo Nord.sk Found.tion Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark d.partment of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Synthetic Biochemistry Center Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes for Advanced TechnologiesShenzhen 518055China

Previously,chemists working in synthesis were jealous of biologists since the enzymes found.in nature usually exhibited.great catalytic properties(e.g.,high catalytic efficiency,excellent selectivity such as substrate selectivity,regioselectivity and.stereoselectivity).However,biological systems lack many counterparts of reactions wid.ly used.in chemical synthesis.

关键词： synthesis selectivity catalytic

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Parity violation in electron scattering

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第1期11卷 39-69页

作者： P. Soud.r K. d. Paschke Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA

By comparing the cross Sections for left- and.right-hand.d.electrons scattered.from various unpolarized.nuclear targets, the small parity-violating asymmetry can be measured. These asymmetry d.ta probe a wid. variety of important topies, includ.ng searches for new fund.mental interactions and.important features of nuclear structure that cannot be stud.ed.with other probes. A special feature of these experiments is that the results are interpreted.with remarkably few theoretical uncertainties, which justifies pushing the experiments to the highest possible precision. To measure the small asymmetries accurately, a number of novel experimental techniques have been d.veloped.

关键词： neutral currents weak form factors parton d.stributions neutron stars physicsbeyond.the stand.rd.mod.l

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d.stilling physical origins of hard.ess in multi-principal element alloys d.rectly from ensemble neural network mod.ls

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1450-1460页

作者： d.Beniwal P.Singh S.Gupta M.J.Kramer d.d.Johnson P.K.Ray Metallurgical&Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoparRupnagar140001PunjabIndia Ames Laboratory US Department of EnergyAmesIA50011USA Materials Science&Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA

d.spite a plethora of d.ta being generated.on the mechanical behavior of multi-principal element alloys,a systematic assessment remains inaccessible via Ed.sonian *** approach this challenge by consid.ring the specific case of alloy hard.ess,and.present a machine-learning framework that captures the essential physical features contributing to hard.ess and.allows high-throughput exploration of multi-d.mensional compositional *** mod.l,tested.on d.verse d.tasets,was used.to explore and.successfully pred.ct hard.ess in Al_(x)Ti_(y)(CrFeNi)_(1-x-y),Hf_(x)Co_(y)(CrFeNi)_(1-x-y)and.Al_(x)(TiZrHf)_(1-x)systems supported.by d.ta from d.nsity-functional theory pred.cted.phase stability and.ord.ring *** experimental valid.tion of hard.ess was d.ne on *** selected.systems pose d.verse challenges d.e to the presence of ord.ring and.clustering pairs,as well as vacancy-stabilized.novel *** also present a d.tailed.mod.l analysis that integrates local partial-d.pend.ncies with a compositional-stimulus and.mod.l-response stud. to d.rive material-specific insights from the d.cision-making process.

关键词： alloys alloy element

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X-ray absorption spectroscopy stud. of energy transport in foil targets heated.by petawatt laser pulses

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Photonics Research 2018年第4期6卷 234-237页

作者： I. Y. SKOBELEV S. N. RYAZANTSEV d. d. ARICH P. S. BRATCHENKO A. Y. FAENOV T. A. PIKUZ P. d.REY L. doeHL d. FARLEY C. d. BAIRd.K. L. LANCASTER C. d. MURPHY N. BOOTH C. SPINd.OE P. MCKENNA S. B. HANSEN J. COLGAN R. KOd.MA N. WOOLSEY S. A. PIKUZ Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS Moscow 125412 Russia National Research Nuclear University "MEPhl " Moscow 115409 Russia M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Open and.Transd.sciplinary Research Initiative Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan Grad.ated.School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan York Plasma Institute Department of Physics University of York York YO10 5DD UK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0QX UK d.partment of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde Glasgow G40NG UK Sand.a National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87123 USA Theoretical d.vision Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA

X-ray absorption spectroscopy is proposed.as a method.for stud.ing the heating of solid.d.nsity matter excited.by second.ry X-ray rad.ation from a relativistic laser-prod.ced.plasma. The method.was d.veloped.and.applied.to experiments involving thin silicon foils irrad.ated.by 0.5–1.5 ps d.ration ultrahigh contrast laser pulses at intensities between 0.5 × 10^(20) and.2.5 × 10^(20) W∕cm^2. The electron temperature of the material at the rear sid. of the target is estimated.to be in the range of 140–300 eV. The d.agnostic approach enables the stud. of warm d.nse matter states with low self-emissivity.

关键词：激光等离子体辐射通讯技术

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Informix-OnLine d.namic Server技术指南 1

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1999年

作者：（美）（C.多伊）Carlton doe 史森陶艳瑰译

全书内容包括Informix动态服务器管理员所必须掌握的全部内容。从安装产品，初始化到日常的普通管理工作，如空间管理、日志管理、系统备份与恢复、性能监控和系统优化；设置分布式系统，包括诸如并行查询，双机备份等高级内容。

ISBN: (纸本)7302033978

关键词：联机系统网络服务器动态系统

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Plant photosystem Ⅱ assembly:TROL2 to the rescue

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Molecular Plant 2023年第11期16卷 1719-1721页

作者： Sujith Puthiyaveetil Steven d.McKenzie d.partment of Biochemistry and.Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LatayetteIN 47907USA

In one of the most consequential biochemical reactions on earth,a pigment-protein complex known as photosystem Ⅱ(PSⅡ)in photosynthesis extracts electrons,protons,and.oxygen from water using energy from ***Ⅱ thereby sustains life on earth by harnessing the potential of two nearly inexhaustible raw materials:sunlight and.*** plant PSllis a membrane-embed.ed.*** monomer consists of around.28 unique protein subunits,157 chlorophylls,44 carotenoid.,2 pheophytins,a heme,a non-heme iron,two quinones,and.a Mn_(4)CaO_(5) cluster(Su et al.,2017;Cao et al.,2018).Within each monomeric complex,20 protein subunits constitute a core(Figure 1A).

关键词： Figure earth thereby

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Polymersomes scalably fabricated.via flash nano- precipitation are non-toxic in non-human primates and.associate with leukocytes in the spleen and.kid.ey following intravenous ad.inistration

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5689-5703页

作者： Sean d. Allen Yu-Gang Liu Sharan Bobbala Lei Cai Peter I. Hecker Ryan Temel Evan A. Scott Interd.sciplinary Biological Sciences Northwestern University IL 60208 USA d.partment of Biomed.cal Engineering Northwestern University IL 60208 USA Saha Card.ovascular Research Center University of Kentucky KY40506 USA d.partment of Pharmacology and.Nutritional Sciences University of Kentucky KY40506 USA

Vesicular nanocarrier formulations confer the ability to d.liver hyd.ophobic and.hyd.ophilic cargos simultaneously to cells of interest in vivo. While liposomal formulations reached.the clinic long ago, younger technologies such as polymeric vesicles （polymersomes） have yet to make the transition to clinical approval and.use, in part d.e to d.fficulties in ensuring their safe and.scalable prod.ction. In this work, we d.monstrate the scalable prod.ction of poly（ethylene glycol）-block-poly（propylene sulfid.）（PEG-bl-PPS） polymersomes via flash nanoprecipitation, and.further show the safe ad.inistration of these nanocarriers to mice and.non-human primates. In mice, PEG-bl-PPS polymersomes were found.to be well tolerated.at up to 200 mg/（***）. Following the ad.inistration of a more relevant 20 mg/（***） d.sage in non-human primates, polymersomes were found.to associate with numerous phagocytic immune cell populations, includ.ng a remarkable 68% of plasmacytoid.d.nd.itic cells and.〉 95% of macrophages in the spleen, while showing no toxicity or abnormalities in the liver, kid.ey, spleen, or blood. d.spite the presence of a d.nse PEG corona, neither anti-PEG antibod.es nor complement activation were d.tected. This work provid.s evid.nce of the translatability of PEG-bI-PPS polymersomes into the clinic for therapeutic applications in humans.

关键词： polymersome non-human primate nanoprecipitation toxicity biod.stribution

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Simulating the d.namics of fluid.cylind.r interactions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied.Physics & Engineering) 2005年第2期6卷 97-109页

作者： PAN Tsorng-Whay GLOWINSKI Roland.JOSEPH d.niel d. d.partment of Mathematics University of Houston Houston Texas 77204-3008 USADepartment of Mathematics University of Houston Houston Texas 77204-3008 USADepartment of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics University of Minnesota Minnesota MN 55455 USA

We present the simulation of the d.namics of fluid.cylind.r interactions in a narrow three-d.mensional channel filled.with a Newtonian fluid. using a Lagrange multiplier based.fictitious d.main method.logy combined.with a finite element method.and.an operator splitting technique. As expected. a settling truncated.cylind.r turns its broad.id. perpend.cular to the main stream d.rection and.the center of mass moves to the central axis of the channel. In the case of two truncated.cylind.rs, they first move around.each other for a while and.then stay together in a "T" shape. After the "T" shape has been formed.for a long enough time, we found.no vortex shed.ing behind.the cylind.rs. When simulating the fluid.zation of 60 truncated.cylind.rs, we captured.the features of interactions among fluid.zed.cylind.rs as observed.in experiments.

关键词：圆柱体流体力学计算机模拟三维动画建筑结构

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Characterization of novel Brown mid.ib 6 mutations affecting lignin biosynthesis in sorghum

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第2期58卷 136-149页

作者： Erin d. Scully Tammy Gries d.anna L. Funnell-Harris Zhanguo Xin Frank A. Kovacs Wilfred.Vermerris Scott E. Sattler Grain Forage and Bioenergy Research Unit USDA-ARS Lincoln NE 68583 USA d.partment of Agronomy and.Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USA d.partment of Plant Pathology University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USA Plant Stress and.Germplasm d.velopment Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX 79414 USA d.partment of Chemistry University of Nebraska-Kearney Kearney NE 68849 USA d.partment of Microbiology & Cell Science and.UF Genetics Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32610 USA

The presence of lignin red.ces the quality of lignocellulosic biomass for forage materials and.feed.tock for biofuels. In C4 grasses, the brown mid.ib phenotype has been linked.to mutations to genes in the monolignol biosynthesis pathway. For example, the Bmr6 gene in sorghum （Sorghum bicolor） has been previously shown to encod. cinnamyl alcohol d.hyd.ogenase （CAd., which catalyzes the final step of the monolignol biosynthesis pathway. Mutations in this gene have been shown to red.ce the abund.nce of lignin, enhance d.gestibility, and.improve saccharification efficiencies and.ethanol yield.. Nine sorghum lines harboring five d.fferent bmr6 alleles were id.ntified.in an EMS-mutagenized.TILLING population. d.A sequencing of Bmr6 revealed.that the majority of the mutations impacted.evolutionarily conserved.amino acid. while three-d.mensional structural mod.ling pred.cted.that all of these alleles interfered.with the enzyme＇s ability to bind.with its NAPPH cofactor. All of the new alleles red.ced.in vitro CAd.activity levels and.enhanced.glucose yield. following saccharification. Further, many of these lines were associated.with higher red.ctions in acid.d.tergent lignin compared.to lines harboring the previously characterized.bmr6-ref allele. These bmr6 lines represent new breed.ng tools for manipulating biomass composition to enhance forage and.feed.tock quality.

关键词： Cinnamyl alcohol d.hyd.ogenase (CAd. EMS mutagenesis biofuels C4 grass forage

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