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Impacts of land use and land cover changes on hydrological processes and sediment yield determined using the SWAT model

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 54-69页

作者： edivaldo afonso de oliveira serr?o Madson Tavares Silva Thomás Rocha Ferreira Lorena Concei??o Paiva de Ataide Cleber Assis dos Santos Aline Maria Meiguins de Lima Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da Silva Francisco de Assis Salviano de Sousa denis José Cardoso Gomes Academic Unit of Atmospheric Sciences Federal University of Campina Grande department of Physics Center for Natural and Exact Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria Institute of Technology Civil Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pará Earth System Science Center National Institute of Space Research Institute of Geosciences Federal University of Pará

Land use and land cover (LULC) changes strongly affect local hydrology and sediment *** current study focused on a basin in the Brazilian Amazon and had the following three objectives:(1) to perform an effective diagnosis of flow and sediment yield,(2) to evaluate the impacts of LULC changes over the last 40 years on the hydro-sedimentological variables,and (3) to investigate the impacts of the possible trends or breaking points in the flow,surface runoff,and sediment yield *** Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model validation showed that the simulated results were consistent with the data measured in the dynamic reproduction of flow ***,changes in LULC altered surface runoff,sediment yield,and flow according to the Mann-Kendall and Pettitt non-parametric *** was also observed that the sub-basins in which pastureland is predominant are more susceptible to increased surface runoff and sediment *** to trend and homogeneity tests,these sub-basins had break points in the time series of these *** the other hand,in the sub-basins whose land cover is predominantly forest,the time series is homogeneous and *** current study highlighted the impacts that 40 years of LULC changes in an Amazonian basin had on hydro-sedimentological variables,which,in turn,can play an important role in changing the hydrological cycle,consequently these changes can also impact diverse human activities in the region,such as agribusiness,livestock,energy production,food security,and public water ***,it is concluded that the SWAT model is a good estimator of hydro-sedimentological processes in Amazonian basins and can be used by decision makers in the management of water and environmental resources.

关键词： Hydrological modeling Sediment yield Amazon basin SWAT model

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Crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第2期16卷 224-245页

作者： Maria Carolina ANDRAde Caio de oliveira GoRGULHo SILVA Leonora Rios de SoUZA MoREIRA edivaldo Ximenes FERREIRA FILHo Laboratory of Enzymology Department of Cellular BiologyUniversity of BrasiliaBrasiliaDFBrazil

Interest in lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies has increased recently because of their potential to reduce the dependency on non-renewable feedstocks. Residues from a variety of crops are the major source of lignocellulose, which is being produced in increasingly large quantities worldwide. The commercial exploitation of crop residues as feedstocks for biorefineries which could be used to produce a variety of goods such as biofuels, biochemicals, bioplastics, and enzymes is an attractive approach not only for adding value to residues but also for providing renewable products required by the expanding bioeconomy market. Moreover, the implementation of biorefineries in different regions has the potential to add value to the specific crop residues produced in the region. In this review, several aspects of crop residue application in biorefineries are discussed, including the role of crop residues in the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts, the main technical aspects of crop residue conversion in biorefineries, the main crop residues generated in different regions of the world and their availability, the potential value-added bioproducts that can be extracted or produced from each crop residue, and the major advantages and challenges associated with crop residue utilization in biorefineries. despite their potential, most biomass refining technologies are not sufficiently advanced or financially viable. Several technical obstacles, especially with regard to crop residue collection, handling, and pre-treatment, prevent the implementation of biorefineries on a commercial scale. Further research is needed to resolve these scale-up-related challenges. Increased governmental incentives and bioeconomic strategies are expected to boost the biorefinery market and the cost competitiveness of biorefinery products.

关键词： crop residue biorefinery bioproduct biomass circular bioeconomy enzyme

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Soil erosion on the Brazilian sugarcane cropping system:An overview

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第2期3卷 129-138页

作者： edivaldo L.Thomaz Francieli S.Marcatto Valdemir Antoneli Soil Erosion Laboratory Department of GeographyUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteUnicentroGuarapuavaParanáBrazil department of Geography Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste-UNICENTROIratiParanáBrazil

Sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum)is an important crop for generating fiber,biofuel and other *** is the largest sugarcane producer in the world;however,limited knowledge is available with respect to soil erosion in the sugarcane cropping *** study reviews the soil erosion rates in sugarcane cropping and evaluates the effects of soil management and land conversion on soil *** studies(using conventional tillage)reporting 43 outcomes of soil erosion rates were examined using the Scopus®*** methods were used to measure soil erosion yielded different soil loss rates;highest values were recorded in the natural rain method,i.e.,experimental plots with a median of 28 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1),were obtained followed by modeling with 9.3 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)and simulated rain with 2 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1).The median soil loss using all data(n=43)obtained by the three methods was 7.2 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1).The soil type increases soil erosion;the sugarcane cropping system is practiced over the most erodible Brazilian soils(e.g.,Ultisols and oxisols)where sand fraction is dominant,particularly fine *** studies focused on rainsplash and interrill ***,rill,ephemeral and permanent gullies should be examined,particularly in sugarcane-cropping areas.

关键词： Tropical soils Soil erodibility Conservation agriculture Soil security Sustainability

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Temporary Crops in the Brazilian Agricultural Frontier

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 244-267页

作者： Rogério edivaldo Freitas department of Regional Studies Institute of Applied Economic Research Brasília Brazil

Food production remains one of the main challenges for humankind in this century, and Brazil is one of the largest food-producing countries that have yet some land for economically or technically profitable farming expansion. Moreover, knowing which areas constitute the Brazilian agricultural frontier is crucial for improving public policies and logistics infrastructure decisions. Data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics from 1995 to 2019 were used in this study. We aimed to map and measure the expansion of agricultural areas in Brazil from 1995 to 2019 for temporary crops according to their mesoregions. We used a four-stage methodology, compared the results of two agglomerative clustering methods, and identified similar mesoregions based on their share trends in the Brazilian agricultural seeded area. Some mesoregions had higher positive trend values for their share of the Brazilian agricultural seeded area: Mato-grossense North (MT), Mato-grossense Northeast (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul Southwest (MS), Goiano South (Go), Extreme West Bahia (BA), Maranhense South (MA), Piauiense Southwest (PI), and Tocantins Eastern (To). As a second leading group, the Paranaíba Upstream (MG), São José do Rio Preto (SP), Mato-grossense Southeast (MT), and Goiano East (Go), must be emphasized. Further research is recommended, including extending the study to permanent crops and applying top-down analysis targeting microregions or municipalities in the identified mesoregions.

关键词： Agricultural Frontier Brazil Mesoregions Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient Clustering

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Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1 gene as a possible major player in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第47期24卷 5338-5350页

作者： Taíssa Araújo Andre Khayat Luciana Quintana Danielle Calcagno Ronald Mourao Antonio Modesto Juliana Paiva Adhara Lima Fabiano Moreira edivaldo oliveira Michel Souza Moneeb othman Thomas Liehr Eliana Abdelhay Renata Gomes Sidney Santos Paulo Assumpcao Núcleo de Pesquisas em oncologia Universidade Federal do ParáBelém 66073-000Brazil Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética Instituto Evandro ChagasBelém 66087-082Brazil Institute of Human Genetics Universitatsklinikum JenaJena 07747Germany Laboratório de Célula Tronco Centro de Transplante de Medula OsseaInstituto Nacional de Cancer Jose Alencar Gomes da SilvaRio de Janeiro 20230-130Brazil

AIM To establish a permanent piwi like RNA-mediated genesilencing 1(PIWIL1) gene knockout in AGP01 gastric cancer cell line using CRISPR-Cas9 system and analyze phenotypic modifications as well as gene expression *** CRISPR-Cas9 system used was purchased from Dharmacon GE Life Sciences(Lafayette, Co, United States) and permanent knockout was performed according to manufacturer's recommendations. Woundhealing assay was performed to investigate the effect of PIWIL1 knockout on migration capability of cells and Boyden chamber invasion assay was performed to investigate the effect on invasion capability. For the gene expression analysis, a one-color microarray-based gene expression analysis kit(Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, United States) was used according to the protocol provided by the manufacturer. RESULTS PIWIL1 gene knockout caused a significant decrease in AGP01 migration capacity as well as a significant decrease in cell invasiveness. Moreover, functional analysis based on grouping of all differentially expressed m RNAs identified a total of 35 genes(5 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated) encoding proteins involved in cellular invasion and migration. According to current literature, 9 of these 35 genes(DoCK2, ZNF503, Pde4 D, ABL1, ABL2, LPAR1, SMAD2, WASF3 and DACH1) are possibly related to the mechanisms used by PIWIL1 to promote carcinogenic effects related to migration and invasion, since their functions are consistent with the changes observed(being up-or down-regulated after knockout). CoNCLUSIoN Taken together, these data reinforce the idea that PIWIL1 plays a crucial role in the signaling pathway of gastric cancer, regulating several genes involved in migration and invasion processes; therefore, its use as a therapeutic target may generate promising results in the treatment of gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1 CRISPR-Cas9 Migration Invasion

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Brazilian biosafety law and the new breeding technologies

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第2期7卷 204-210页

作者： Alexandre Lima NEPoMUCENo Renata FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI Maria Sueli Soares FELIPE Hugo Bruno Correa MoLINARI edivaldo Domingues VELINI Eduardo Romano de Campos PINTo Maria Lucia Zaidan DAGLI Galdino ANDRAde FILHo Patricia Machado Bueno FERNANdeS Embrapa Soybean Londrina 86001970Brazil Catholic University of Brasilia Brasilia 70790160Brazil Embrapa Agroenergy Biological Station ParkBrasilia 70770901Brazil Paulista State University Julio de Mesquita Filho Botucatu Faculty of Agronomic SciencesBotucatu 18610307Brazil Embrapa Biotechnology and Genetic Resources—Biological Station Park Brasilia 70770900Brazil Sao Paulo University Veterinary FacultySao Paulo 05508900Brazil Londrina State University Microbiology DepartmentUniversity CampusLondrina 86051990Brazil Espirito Santo Federal University Biotechnology Post GraduationVitoria 29040090Brazil CTNBio(National Biosafety Technical Commission) Brasilia 70610200Brazil

Globally,the area of land cultivated with genetically modified(GM)crops has increased a thousand-fold over the last two *** this technology has become important for food production,the regulatory frameworks that underpin these outcomes are based on a list of requirements for a risk assessment that differ from country to *** recent years,policymakers have had the opportunity to learn from the controversies over transgenics to create effective regulatory milestones for emerging technologies,allowing them to reach their potential for a more sustainable agriculture,ensuring food *** Brazil,Law No.11.105 of 24 March 2005 established a framework with four main organizations responsible for risk assessment and ***,most of new breeding technologies did not exist at that time and were not considered in this ***2016,Normative Resolution No.16 of the National Biosafety Technical Commission(CTNBio)was established to address this gap based on the evaluation of the products obtained through these techniques(termed Innovative Precision Improvement Techniques in the resolution),in a case-by-case consultation ***,if the product is designated to be a GM,the developer will have to go through the biosafety requirements and will be approved only after CTNBio risk *** the product is designated not to be GM(for the purposes of the legislation),then it can be registered using the existing ***,152 GM products are commercially approved in *** 2018,CTNBio assessed the first consultation on commercial release of plants generated using the new breeding technologies and has subsequently approved six *** is expected that many institutions would be able to participate in Brazilian and world markets,developing and introducing new biotechnological solutions and products through a more sustainable approach and without facing public disapproval,a common issue for GM crops.

关键词： Brazilian legislation CTNBio genetically modified crops

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<i>Conyza sumatrensis</i>Intrapopulation Variation in Response to Glufosinate

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1565-1582页

作者： Ivana Paula Ferraz Santos de Brito Caio Antonio Carbonari Bruna Barboza Marchesi Ana Karollyna Alves de Matos Leandro Tropaldi Nilda Roma-Burgos edivaldo Domingues Velini department of Crop Science Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Agriculture Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

We aimed to study the response of Conyza sumatrensis to different doses of glufosinate, intrapopulation variation in sensitivity to the herbicide, and the heritability of phenotypic response, and model the evolution of resistance. Three studies were conducted in the greenhouse with two repetitions. First, we tested doses of glufosinate (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 g a.i. ha-1) plus a nontreated check, with four replications. Second, we examined the range in sensitivity of 44 plants to 200 g a.i. ha-1 glufosinate. Third, we evaluated the sensitivity of the progeny of six glufosinate-treated plants to 200 g a.i. ha-1 glufosinate. Plant response was evaluated visually and the ammonium content in leaf tissues was measured. Glufosinate at 400 g a.i. ha-1 caused the highest injury to *** plants. Ammonia accumulation occurred in response to glufosinate treatment, regardless of dose. Ammonia accumulation was correlated strongly with the level of visible plant injury;thus, it is a good indicator of herbicide efficacy. Sensitivity to glufosinate was highly variable within the population. Plants with high ammonia concentration (high injury) after treatment with glufosinate produced progenies that also had high ammonia concentrations after herbicide treatment. The variation in ammonia accumulation among siblings was high. Simulating the exclusion of plants that accumulated more ammonia produced a population that is expected to be less sensitive to glufosinate in the next generation. The stronger the selection pressures by a simulated treatment with glufosinate, the greater the reduction in ammonia accumulation in the progeny and expected sensitivity to glufosinate.

关键词： Ammonia Accumulation Differential Tolerance Glutamine Synthetase Herbicide Selection Pressure Sumatran Fleabane

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Glyphosate Effects on Sugarcane Metabolism and Growth

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第24期5卷 3585-3593页

作者： Caio Antonio Carbonari Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick Gomes edivaldo Domingues Velini Renato Fernandes Machado Plinio Saulo Simoes Gabrielle de Castro Macedo department of Crop Science College of Agricultural SciencesSao Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuBrazil

Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world. In sugarcane, it is used as a herbicide when applied at its field rate, but it is also used as ripener when applied as low doses. However, the effects of glyphosate on plant metabolism and sugarcane growth are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic changes and the effects on sugarcane plant growth caused by the application of different doses of glyphosate. Sugarcane plants were grown in a greenhouse and subjected to glyphosate applications at doses of 7.2;18;36;72;180;360 and 720 g a.e. ha-1. Plants grown without an herbicide application were used as a control. Plants from each treatment were collected at 2, 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment (DAT) application to quantify the levels of shikimic acid, quinic acid, shikimate-3-phosphate, glyphosate, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Visual evaluations of plant intoxication were performed at the same time as the collection of plants, and the quantification of their shoot dry biomass was performed at 21 DAT. At doses of glyphosate greater than 72 g a.e. ha-1, increases in the levels of shikimic acid, quinic acid, and shikimate-3-phosphate occurred and AMPA was detected in the plants. Initially, glyphosate caused increases in the plant levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine at doses of 72 and 180 g a.e. ha-1, although a decrease in the levels of aromatic amino acids subsequently occurred at and above the doses of 72 or 180 g a.e. ha-1. The doses ranging from 7.2 to 36 g a.e. ha-1 promoted an increase in plant shoot biomass, and doses greater than 72 g a.e. ha-1 caused significant reductions in dry mass.

关键词： EPSPS AMPA Shikimic Acid Herbicide Sugarcane Ripener

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Half-Life of Glyphosate on the Control of Water Hyacinths in Water Tanks

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第5期9卷 470-481页

作者： Evandro L. C. Souza Luiz L. Foloni José T. Filho edivaldo D. Velini Luis M. Siono José R. M. Silva School of Agricultural Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil department of Plant Breeding an Protection College of Agricultural Sciences S&#227o Paulo State University Botucatu Brazil

The present study had the purpose to assess the behavior of the herbicide glyphosate in the control of water hyacinths, in a water environment through half-life, in a controlled and closed experimental field, in order to contribute to the analysis of the risk of the environmental impact of the use of this product. Eight fiber-cement tanks with the storage capacity of 250 liters were used under the conditions without water flow and without replacement of water. The experiment was designed in two treatments with four repetitions, the first being colonized by water hyacinths and the second without the presence of the macrophyte. The recommended dose, according to the manufacturer, was 7.0 L·ha-1 or 3402 g·ha-1 of equivalent acid. For the application in the tanks, we have used carbon dioxide (Co2) precision equipment, providing a flow rate of 200 L·ha-1. The samples were collected on the day of the application (day zero) and 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days thereafter (DAP). The method used for determination of residues was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry with a mass selective detector. From the mathematical model of charge decay, the half-life of glyphosate in water was estimated to six days for the tanks without water hyacinths and sixteen days for the tanks colonized by macrophytes. The result obtained permits to conclude that the glyphosate in water is quickly degraded in closed water environments and does not leave residues that would prevent its use.

关键词： Herbicides Eichhornia crassipes Residues Environmental Impact

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Water Hyacinth Control by Glyphosate Herbicide and Its Impact on Water Quality

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Evandro L. C. Souza José T. Filho edivaldo D. Velini José R. M. Silva Kelly C. Tonello Luiz L. Foloni Admílson C. Barbosa Thiago A. Freato School of Agricultural Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil department of Plant Breeding an Protection College of Agricultural Sciences Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Braz departament of Environmental Sciences Federal University of São Carlos Sorocaba Brazil Empresa Metropolitana de águas e Energia S.A. (EMAE) São Paulo Brazil Center of Meteorological and Climate Researchers Applied to Agriculture State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the herbicide glyphosate under aquatic environment conditions, in a controlled and closed experimental field, in the management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in reservoirs. Twenty reservoirs (polyethylene water tanks) with storage capacity of 1000 liters were used, without water flow and without evapotranspired water replacement (worst case), being 04 for each treatment. The adult plants were placed in the water tanks to provide 90% surface occupation of the reservoir. Five treatments with four repetitions were considered, being: 1) Reservoir colonized by water hyacinth without control;2) Reservoir colonized by water hyacinth, controlled by glyphosate;3) Reservoir colonized by water hyacinth, controlled by freezing;4) Reservoir without water hyacinth and glyphosate application and 5) Reservoir without water hyacinth and no glyphosate application. The glyphosate herbicide was used at the highest recommended dose, 7.0 L·ha-1 or 3360 g of acid equivalent per ha, applied using carbon dioxide precision equipment (backpack sprayer), providing a flow rate of 200 L·ha-1. The water samples were collected at the time of application, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after application and also at 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days after application, in the morning, always at the same time, also between 8 and 9 h. The method used for determination of residues was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry with a mass selective detector. Low concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) were found in both reservoirs that received application of the product. The half-life of glyphosate in water to the reservoirs with water hyacinth was 11 days and in the reservoirs without water hyacinth was 21 days. The results show a low potential of environmental impact of glyphosate use in the control of water hyacinth in reservoirs.

关键词： Eichhornia crassipes Weed Control Herbicides Environmental Impact

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