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Artificial Defoliation to Simulate Losses on Production of Bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL. cv. Goytacazes)

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1023-1031页

作者： Omar schmildt Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Dirceu Pratissoli José Augusto Teixeira do Amaral Marcio Paulo Czepak Adriel Lima Nascimento edilson romais schmildt Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Department of Agronomy Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre ES Brazil Departament of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil

The reduction of foliar area can cause yield reduction in common bean crops. The objective of this work was to verify which is the effect of different defoliation levels realized in several development stages of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Goytacazes) over yield, weight of 100 seeds and number of pods per plant. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a split-plot arrangement with five replications. The plot corresponded to the five defoliation epochs (first trifoliate leaf, flowering, pods formation, pods filling, and dry pods). In each plot, the split plot was represented by the four defoliation levels (0%, 33%, 67% and 100%). It was observed a decrease of yield for all levels defoliation considering all development stages, except for dried pods. The highest decrease was detected for flowering and pods formation. Through the regression analysis got a greater reduction in yield with 100% defoliation made at 42 days after emergence. The evaluation parameter that showed better relation with yield was a number of pods per plant.

关键词： Common Bean Defoliation Grain Productivity Mass of Seeds Pods

Sample Dimension for Evaluating Characters of Yellow Mombin

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1032-1038页

作者： Omar schmildt Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Renan Garcia Malikouski Adriel Lima Nascimento Karina Tiemi Hassuda dos Santos Hérica Chisté Gleyce Pereira Santos Marcio Paulo Czepak Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre edilson romais schmildt Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Forest and Wood Science Federal University of Espírito Santo Jer&#244 nimo Monteiro ES Brazil

The objective of this study was to determine the sample size needed to evaluate characters of mature fruits of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.). 100 fruits were evaluated from plants grown under a shading system. In the laboratory, these fruits were measured by the characters: longitudinal length (mm);equatorial diameter (mm);fruit mass (g);yield of pulp (%);total soluble solids—TSS (°Brix);titratable acidity—TA (% citric acid) and ratio (TSS/TA), being calculated the measures of central tendency and dispersion, and verified normality. Next, the sample size for each character was determined. For experimental evaluation of cajámirim fruits, considering an accuracy of 10% around the mean, 40 fruits per treatment should be evaluated, considering a completely randomized experiment.

关键词： Spondias mombin L. Error of Estimation Sampling

Adjustment of Mathematical Equations to Determine the Area Leaf of Cordia myxaL.

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第7期11卷 609-616页

作者： Michelle Teixeira Araujo Ellen Maurício Faria Gabriel Linhares Cunha Paloma de Moraes Nunes Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Karina Tiemi Hassuda dos Santos Omar schmildt Antelmo Ralph Falqueto Mônica Maria Pereira Tognella edilson romais schmildt Center North of Espírito Santo Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus Espírito Santo Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre Espírito Santo Brazil

The objective of this study was to obtain mathematical equations through the leaf dimensions to estimate the area leaf of Cordia myxa L. 392 leaves of plants were collected, located in the municipality of São Mateus, North of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, 300 of which were used to adjust the equations and 92 for validation. Of all the leaves, the largest length (L) and maximum width (W) were measured, product of multiplying the length with the width (LW) and the real leaf area (RLA). Models equation first degree linear, quadratic and power were fitted, where RLA was the dependent variable as a function of L, W and LW as an independent variable. All equations were validated according to appropriate criterion. Thus, the power model ELA = 0.84(LW)0.9749, based on the product of multiplication of length with width (LW) is the most suitable for estimating the leaf area of Cordia myxa L.

关键词： Non-Destructive Method Validated Modeling

Modeling of the Leaf Area of Maytenus obtusifoliaMart. from Scanned Images

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 796-806页

作者： Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Karina Tiemi Hassuda dos Santos Ana Paula Braido Pinheiro Gleyce Pereira Santos Jéssica Sayuri Hassuda Santos Hérica Chisté Omar schmildt Sara Dousseau Arantes Marcio Paulo Czepak Adriano Alves Fernandes edilson romais schmildt Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Capixaba Institute for Research Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Regional Center for Rural Development Linhares Brazil

The leaf has a vital role in the functions of the plant, being responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange. Thus, the objective of this study was to fit a mathematical equation model to estimate the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. through the linear dimensions of the leaves. For that, six hundred and fifteen healthy leaves were collected from plants belonging to the Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus Campus, in the municipality of São Mateus, located in the north of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. All leaves were digitized and the images processed using the ImageJ®software, obtaining the measurements of the maximum length of the main midrib (L), the maximum width of the leaf blade (W) and the real leaf area (RLA) of each sheet. Subsequently, the product of length and width multiplication (LW) was also obtained. 500 sheets were randomly separated for the generation of models of mathematical equations and their respective coefficient of determination (R2), where RLA was used as dependent variable as function of L, W or LW as independent variable. Based on the models generated, a 115 leaf sample was used for validation, where the L, W and LW values of this sample were replaced in the adjusted equations, thus obtaining the estimated leaf area (ELA). A comparison of the means of RLA and ELA was performed by Student’s t test at 5% probability. We also calculated the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the Willmott index (d). The best equation was defined by the following criteria: non-significant values of RLA and ELA averages, R2 and index d closest to unit, and MAE and RMSE values with greater proximity to zero. The quadratic model equation represented by ELA=0.18122798+0.72847767(LW)+0.00002789(LW)2 generated by multiplying the length with the width (LW) is the most suitable for the estimation of the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart., in a fast, safe and non-destructive way.

关键词： Maytenus obtusifolia Mart Non-Destructive Method Mathematical Equations