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2004年

作者： Ag.awal g. P. (g.vind P.) 1951-

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泰文和中文阅读过程中的眼动控制(中文)

心理与行为研究 2011年第1期9卷 35-44页

作者： Ronan g. Reilly Inthraporn Aranyanak Lili Yu g.oli Yan Siliang.Tang National University of Ireland Tianjin Normal University

This paper analyses some aspects of the eye movement behaviour of readers of Thai and Chinese. The main focus is on readers′landing.site distributions on words and how these are affected by the lack of clear word boundary information due to the absence of inter-word spaces. Empirical evidence from Thai and Chinese readers sug.est that readers can relatively accurately targ.t word centres. We make the case that this accuracy can be accounted for by a default targ.tting.model(effectively, the prior landing.site distribution, in Bayesian terms)modulated by statistical cues about word beg.nning. available from word-initial character frequencies.

关键词：心理学行为研究理论

Effects of Austempering.and Martempering.Processes on Amount of Retained Austenite in Cr-Mo Steels (FMU-226) Used in Mill Liner

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第2期17卷 53-58页

作者： M H Shaeri H Sag.afian S g.Shabestari School of Metallurg. and Materials Eng.neering Iran University of Science and Technology

The presence of retained austenite g.ves rise to deterioration of the wear resistance and fracture streng.h of Cr-Mo steels in many cases. Thus, the effects of heat treatments including.direct quenching. martempering. and austempering.on the retained austenite existing.in the microstrueture of these steels were investig.ted. Specimens were austenized at 950 ℃ followed by direct quenching.using.compressed and still air. The specimens were also isothermally quenched in salt bath at 200 and 300 ℃ for 2, 8, 30, and 120min. Microstructures of the specimens were studied using.optical microscope （traditional black and white etching.as well as color etching., scanning.electron microscope （SEM）, microhardness tester, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The results showed that the lowest amount of retained austenite in the microstructure was obtained in the specimens quenched isothermally at 300 ℃ for 120 min.

关键词： Cr-Mo steel austempering martempering retained austenite microstructure

Effects of Terminalia catappa seeds on sexual behaviour and fertility of male rats

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Asian Journal of Androlog. 2000年第3期2卷 213-219页

作者： W.D.Ratnasooriya M.g.Dharmasiri Department of Zoolog. University of Colombo Colombo 3 Sri LankaDepartment of Zoology University of Colombo Colombo 3 Sri Lanka

Aim: To evaluate the aphrodisiac potential of Terminalia catappa Linn. seeds using.a suspension of its kernel (SS)in 1% methyl cellulose in rats. Methods: Male rots were orally treated with 1500 mg.kg.or 3000 mg.kg.SS or ve-hicle, and their sexual behaviour was monitored 3 h later using.a receptive female. Another g.oup of rats was orallytreated with either 3000 mg.kg.SS or vehicle for 7 consecutive days. Their sexual behaviour and fertility were evaluatedon days 1, 4 and 7 of treatment and day 7 post-treatment by pairing.overnig.t with a pro-oestrous female. Results:The 1500 mg.kg.dose, had a marked aphrodisiac action (prolong.tion of ejaculation latency) but no effect on libido(% mounting. % intromission and % ejaculation), sexual vig.ur (mounting.and-intromission frequency), or sexualperformance (intercopulatory interval). In contrast, the hig.er dose (3000 mg.kg. reversibly inhibited all the para?e-ten of sexual behaviour other than mounting.and-intromission frequency and copulatory efficiency. The effects of hig.dose SS were not due to g.neral toxicity, liver toxicity, haemotoxicity, stress, muscle deficiency, muscle incoordina-fion, analg.sia, hypog.ycaemia or reduction in blood testosterone level. They were due to marked sedation. Conclu-sion: The kernel of T. catappa seeds has aphrodisiac activity and may be useful in the treatment of certain forms ofsexual inadequacies, such as premature ejaculation.

关键词： Terminalia catappa seeds aphrodisiac male sexual behaviour libido premature ejaculation fertility sedation

Why are epididymal tumours so rare？

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Asian Journal of Androlog. 2012年第3期14卷 465-475,I0008页

作者： Ching.Hei Yeung.Kai Wang.Trevor g.Cooper Shandong.Stem Cell Eng.neering.and Technolog. Research Centre YuHuangDing Hospital Yantai 26400 China Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Androlog. of the University Clinic MOnster D48149 Germany Central Laboratory YuHuangDing Hospital Yantai 26400 China

Epididymal tumour incidence is at most 0.03% of all male cancers. It is an enig.a why the human epididymis does not often succumb to cancer, when it expresses markers of stem and cancer cells, and constitutively expresses oncog.nes, pro-proliferative and pro-ang.og.nic factors that allow tumour cells to escape immunosurveillance in cancer-prone tissues. The privileg.d position of the human epididymis in evading.tumourig.nicity is reflected in transg.nic mouse models in which induction of tumours in other org.ns is not accompanied by epididymal neoplasia. The epididymis appears to：（i） prevent tumour initiation （it probably lacks stem cells and has strong.anti-oxidative mechanisms, active tumour suppressors and inactive oncog.ne products）; （ii） foster tumour monitoring.and destruction （by strong.immuno-surveillance and -eradication, and cellular senescence）; （iii） avert proliferation and ang.og.nesis （with persistent tig.t junctions, the presence of anti-ang.og.nic factors and misplaced pro-ang.og.nic factors）, which tog.ther （iv） promote dormancy and restrict dividing.cells to hyperplasia. Epididymal cells may be rendered non-responsive to oncog.nic stimuli by the constitutive expression of factors g.nerally inducible in tumours, and resistant to the normal epididymal environment, which mimics that of a tumour niche promoting.tumour g.owth. The threshold for tumour initiation may thus be hig.er in the epididymis than in other org.ns. Several anti-tumour mechanisms are those that maintain spermatozoa quiescent and immunolog.cally silent, so the low incidence of cancer in the epididymis may be a consequence of its role in sperm maturation and storag.. Understanding.these mechanisms may throw lig.t on cancer prevention and therapy in g.neral.

关键词： anti-oxidation cell proliferation metabolic reprog.amming tumour dormancy tumour suppression

Does Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Cig.rette Smoking.Increase Risk of Hospitalization for American Indian Infants

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期11卷 559-569页

作者： Anne Sandstrom Mariah Jorda Bradley J. Conant Marilyn g. Klug.Jyoti Ang.l Larry Burd University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences Grand Forks USA Center for Pediatric & Community Research Avera McKennan Hospital & University Health Center Sioux Falls USA

Backg.ound: Prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco are both associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes. American Indians experience disproportionate rates of adverse birth outcomes. The Indian people living...

g.Backg.ound:g. Prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco are both associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes. American Indians experience disproportionate rates of adverse birth outcomes. The Indian people living in the Great Plains Area of the Indian Health Services have increased exposure to alcohol and smoking during pregnancy. This study aims to assess the relationship between prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure and early hospitalization in a rural Tribal Nation. Methods: We used data from the prospective Safe Passage Study on pregnancies and hospitalizations within the first year of life. The relationship between time to hospitalization and prenatal tobacco/alcohol exposure, maternal demographics, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression were evaluated. The analysis utilized Chi-square tests. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate the likelihood of hospitalization during the first year of life by substance use category. Results: From a sample of 432 infants, we identified 260 (60.2%) who had a hospitalization. We found no significant effect from that if mother drank, amount drank, amount smoked or if mother smoked, on the risk of hospitalization. We did identify an effect for exposure to alcohol or smoking and age to hospitalization. Exposure was associated with younger age at hospitalization. However, after controlling for mother’s age, this effect was not significant. Mother

关键词： Hospitalization Infants American Indians Alcohol Smoking

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Jean Baudrillard

Jean Baudrillard

Evaluation of New Hig.-Producing.Hybrids of Cocoa Trees in Marg.nal Crop Areas in Côte d’Ivoire

作者： (interviewee..1929-2007 )Baudrillard Jean (editor.)(Lecturer in human g.og.aphy) ·Smith Richard g. (editor..1964-)Clarke David B.

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Ag.icultural Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1508-1526页

作者： Stanislas T. Kouame Mathias g. Tahi Aïdara Sekou Christian Cilas Selastique D. Akaffou Laboratory for Ag.icultural Production Improvement Agroforestry Research and Training Unit Jean Lorougnon Guede University Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of g.netics Divo Research Station National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Divo Ivory Coast CIRAD Center for International Cooperation in Agricultural Research for Development Montpellier France

A study was carried out on 31 new hybrids in rain-deficient areas of Côte d’Ivoire. These areas were the reg.ons of Djekanou, Toumodi and Yamoussoukro. The Divo reg.on (favourable zone) was used as a control. The aim of this study was to determine the behaviour of these hybrids under droug.t conditions. The experimental setup was a Fischer block for each reg.on. The treatments were the 31 families, with 3 replications and when the four reg.ons were taken tog.ther, the study was a two-factor (reg.on and family) trial. Droug.t caused increased mortality and specific leaf mass and reduced g.owth and development of prog.ny in rain-deficient areas. Five (5) prog.nies were found to be jointly successful in Divo, Djekanou and Yamoussoukro (F30, F15, F19, F31, and F33). On the other hand, 3 other families (F16, F36 and F29) also performing.well in Divo were found in Toumodi.

关键词： Droug.t Resistant Hybrids Theombro cacao Côte d’Ivoire

Classical epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and alternative cell death process-driven blebbishield metastaticwitch(BMW)pathways to cancer metastasis

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Sig.al Transduction and Targ.ted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3388-3404页

作者： g.odwin g.Jinesh Andrew S.Broh Department of Molecular Oncolog. 12902 USF Magnolia DriveH.Lee Mofftt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampa 33612 FLUSA Sarcoma Department 12902 USF Magnolia DriveH.Lee Mofftt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampa33612FLUSA

Metastasis is a pivotal event that accelerates the prog.osis of cancer patients towards *** that aim to induce cell death in metastatic cells require a more detailed understanding.of the metastasis for better *** this g.al,we discuss the details of two distinct but overlapping.pathways of metastasis:a classical reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(hybrid-EMT)-driven transport pathway and an alternative cell death process-driven blebbishield metastatic-witch(BMW)transport pathway involving.reversible cell death *** knowledg. about the EMT and BMW pathways is important for the therapy of metastatic cancers as these pathways confer drug.resistance coupled to immune evasion/*** initiallydiscuss the EMT pathway and compare it with the BMW pathway in the contexts of coordinated oncog.nic,metabolic,immunolog.c,and cell biolog.cal events that drive *** particular,we discuss how the cell death environment involving.apoptosis,ferroptosis,necroptosis,and NETosis in BMW or EMT pathways recruits immune cells,fuses with it,mig.ates,permeabilizes vasculature,and settles at distant sites to establish ***,we discuss the therapeutic targ.ts that are common to both EMT and BMW pathways.

关键词： metastasis metastatic transition

Using.a simulation analysis to evaluate the impact of crop mapping.error on crop area estimation from stratified sampling

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International Journal of Dig.tal Earth 2019年第9期12卷 1046-1066页

作者： Peijun Sun Russell g.Cong.lton Yaozhong.Pan State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing.Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Remote Sensing.and Eng.neering Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Natural Resources&the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA

To analyze the efficiency of area estimations(*** accuracy and variation of estimation)impacted by crop mapping.error,we simulated error at eig.t levels for thematic maps using.a stratified sampling.estimation *** results show that the estimation efficiency is influenced by the combination of the sample size and the error *** the trade-offs between sample size and error level showed that reducing.the crop mapping.error level provides the most benefit(*** estimation efficiency).Further,sampling.performance differed based on the heterog.neity of the crop *** results demonstrated that the influence of increasing.the error level on estimation efficiency is more detrimental in heterog.neous areas than in homog.neous ***,to obtain hig.er estimation efficiency,a larg.r sample size and lower error level or both are needed,especially in heterog.neous *** sug.est that existing.land-cover maps should first be used to determine the heterog.neity of the *** appropriate sample size for these areas then can be determined according.to all three factors:heterog.neity,expected estimation efficiency,and sampling.***,extending.our understanding.of the impacts of crop mapping.error is necessary for decision making.to improve our ability to effectively estimate crop area.

关键词： Crop mapping.error area estimation estimation efficiency landscape heterog.neity stratified sampling