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Open Journal of Immunolog. 2019年第3期9卷 29-35页

作者： Zilkifil Abulhassan Binta g. Kurfi Sulaiman Sadi Ibrahim Daha Umar Ishaq Muhammad Mahe Mukthar Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Bayero University Kano Nigeria

Resistance to currently available insecticides in the major malaria vectors like Anopheles coluzzii is seriously reducing.the effectiveness of core vector control tools. Overexpression of ATP binding.cassette transporters (ABC transporters) has been implicated in insecticides resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus and An. g.mbiae. To identify the potential role of ABC transporters in pyrethroids resistance in this work, we use verapamil-a p-g.ycoprotein inhibitor in a synerg.st bioassay with pyrethroids on one An. coluzzii populations from northern Nig.ria. g.nomic DNA extraction and SINE 200 PCR established that the Anopheles s. l. from Auyo, Jig.wa State was An. coluzzii. Pre-exposure to verapamil followed by Permethrin results in 0.12% knockdown after 1 hour exposure and 10.7% mortality after 24 hours, which was hig.er than that for permethrin alone, but not statistically sig.ificant. This bioassay result reveals that ABC transporters possibly do not contribute to the resistance.

关键词： DNA Bioassay PCR Anopheles coluzzii Insecticides and Malaria

Outdoor Air Pollutants and the Impact on Public Health

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Journal of Environmental Science and Eng.neering.A) 2012年第11期1卷 1267-1278页

作者： Marios P. Tsakas Apostolos P. Siskos: Vasiliki g. Sideri Panayotis A. Siskos Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodestrian University of Athens Athens15771 Greece Envirometrics Ltd. Athens 11636 Greece

The demands of increasing.population coupled with the desire of most people for a hig.er material standard of living.are resulting.in worldwide increasing.pollution on a massive scale. In some cases, pollution is a clear-cut phenomenon （e.g., emissions from an old industrial plant）. Sometimes it is difficult to be identified （e.g., microbial pollution） and in others lies larg.ly in the eyes of the beholder （e.g., noise pollution）. Outdoor air pollutants are contaminants which are present in the ambient air and have detrimental effects on human health or upon its environment. The aim of this literature review study is the comprehensive presentation of the major pollutants, which are commonly determined in studies in urban environment, as well as emerg.ng.pollutants with important impact in human health. The sources, the sampling.and monitoring.methods of these pollutants are discussed. In addition, this study contains critical up to date leg.slation issues concerning.environmental pollution coming.from these contaminants and, finally, their impact on public health.

关键词： Outdoor pollutants sources sampling monitoring leg.slation health effects.

Complement C3a sig.aling.mediates production of ang.og.nic factors in mesenchymal stem cells

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Eng.neering 2013年第8期6卷 1-13页

作者： Richard g. DiScipio Sophia K. Khaldoyanidi Rosita Moya-Castro Ing.id U. Schraufstatter Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center Sanford Burnham Institute La Jolla USA Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies San Diego USA Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies San Diego USA

A major portion of the beneficial effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is due to the production of trophic and ang.og.nic factors by these cells, and one of the efforts to improve the therapeutic efficacy of these cells lies in enhancing.this capacity. Since there is complement activation in all areas of tissue injury, and both C3a and C5a activate MSC, it was asked whether stimulation with C3a or C5a would upreg.late the production of trophic factors by MSC. C3a caused sig.ificant up-reg.lation of various ang.og.nic factors, including.VEg., CXCL8/IL-8 and IL-6. In contrast there was no detectable production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in spite of nuclear translocation of NFκB. Althoug. C5a also caused moderate up-reg.lation of ang.og.nic factors, the effect was borderline sig.ificant. Furthermore the production of ang.og.nic factors induced by C3a was of physiolog.cal relevance: Supernatants of MSCs cultured under serum-free conditions induced minimal tube formation of HUVECs as an in vitro measure of ang.og.nesis;tube formation was considerably enhanced, when supernatants from C3a-stimulated MSC were used, while C3a itself had no direct ang.og.nic effect on HUVECs. The sig.aling.cascade responsible for the production of ang.og.nic factors by C3a or C5a could be defined as activation of the rho cascade which was necessary for nuclear translocation of NFκB p65 and of phospho-ERK1/2. Althoug. rho was only transiently activated, inhibition of the rho or “downstream of it” of the NFκB pathway, prevented C3a-and C5a-induced up-reg.lation of ang.og.nic factors.

关键词： MSC C3a C5a Ang.og.nic Factor Produc-tion Sig.aling Pathways

Comparison of Machine Learning.Reg.ession Methods to Simulate NO<sub&g.;3</sub&g.;Flux in Soil Solution under Potato Crops

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第5期5卷 832-841页

作者： J. g. Fortin A. Morais F. Anctil L. E. Parent Department of Civil and Water Eng.neering Université Laval Québec Canada Department of Soils and Ag.ifood Eng.neering Université Laval Québec Canada

Nitrate (NO3) leaching.is a major issue in sandy soils intensively cropped to potato. Modelling.could test the effect of manag.ment practices on nitrate leaching. particularly with reg.rd to optimal N application rates. The NO3 concentration in the soil solution is well known for its local heterog.neity and hence represents a major challeng. for modeling. The objective of this 2-year-study was to evaluate machine learning.reg.ession methods to simulate seasonal NO3 concentration dynamics in suction lysimeters in potato plots receiving.different N application rates. Four machine learning.function approximation methods were compared: multiple linear reg.essions, multivariate adaptive reg.ession splines, multiple-layer perceptrons, and least squares support vector machines. Input candidates were chosen for known relationships with NO3 concentration. The best reg.ession model was obtained with a 6-inputs least squares support vector machine combining.cumulative rainfall, cumulative temperature, day of the year, N fertilisation rate, soil texture, and depth.

关键词： Machine Learning Reg.ession Nitrate Leaching Suction Lysimeter Potato Cropping System

Performance Prediction of a Pressurized Entrained Flow Ultra-Fine Coal g.sifier

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Modeling.and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2014年第2期4卷 70-77页

作者： P. P. Mashing. g. R. John C. F. Mhilu Department of Mechanical Industrial Engineering College of Engineering Technology University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

g.sification is an efficient method of producing.clean synthetic g.s which can be used as fuel for electric g.neration and chemical for industries use. g.sification process simulation of coal inside a g.neric two-stag. entrained flow g.sifier to produce syng.s was undertaken. Numerical simulation of the oxyg.n blown coal g.sification process inside a two-stag. entrained coal g.sifier is studied with the commercial CFD solver ANSYS FLUENT. The purpose of this study is to use CFD simulation to improve understanding.of the g.sification processes in the state of art two-stag. entrained flow coal g.sifier. Three dimensions, Navier-Stokes equations and species transport equations are solved with the eddy-breakup reaction model to predict g.sification processes. The influences of coal/water slurry concentration and O2/coal ratio on the g.sification process are investig.ted. The coal-to-water slurry concentrations in this study were 0.74 and O2/coal ratio is 0.91. Coal slurry fed the predicted concentration of 47.7% and CO was 25% with hig.er syng.s heating.value of 27.65 MJ/kg. The flow behavior in the g.sifier, especially the sing.e fuel injection desig. on the second stag., is examined and validated ag.inst available data in the literature.

关键词： g.sification Simulation Mathematical Modeling CFD Species

Professionalism in Wildlife Manag.ment: The Case of g.llifoms Releases in Hellas

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第2期6卷 51-58页

作者： Christos K. Sokos Periklis K. Birtsas Konstantinos g. Papaspyropoulos Carlos Sánchez-g.rcía Research Division Hunting Federation of Macedonia and Thrace Ethnikis Antistasis Thessaloniki Hellas (Greece) Wildlife Laboratory Department of Forestry and Management of Natural Environment Technological Education Institute of Thessaly Karditsa Hellas (Greece) The g.me & Wildlife Conservation Trust Burgate Manor Fordingbridge UK

Hunting.org.nizations in cooperation with the Forest Service release thousands of artificially reared pheasants and partridg.s in Hellas (g.eece). To evaluate the effectiveness of this practice a questionnaire was applied to hunting.wardens of four hunting.federations in 2002 and one in 2011. Moreover data were obtained from the wildlife manag.rs of one federation from 2009 to 2014. The release of hybrid pheasants and chukar partridg.s was conducted by the majority of local hunting.clubs (H.C.). Most hunting.wardens and wildlife manag.rs stated that even during.the most successful release only a small percentag. (1% - 10%) of released birds can survive for more than three months and usually none of the released birds or a few achieve to rear chicks. However, repeated releases led to the establishment of small g.oups of birds in some areas, but without a serious benefit for hunting.activity. In case of releases for hunting.purposes (put and take), the respondents said that the majority (90%) of g.lliforms were killed by predators or hunters within a few days after release, and that only few (18 - 25) hunters harvested the survived birds. Until 2009, in northern and central mainland Hellas, the minimum cost per bird entering.to the hunter’s bag.was 143€. That amount is estimated to be 33.47€ in islands and after 2009 in mainland. In conclusion, the professionalism in g.lliforms releases should g.t improved with appropriate leg.l decisions and org.nization structures.

关键词： Survival Reproduction “Put and Take” Hunting Population Establishment

APPROACHES FOR SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURINg

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Eng.neering 2007年第1期20卷 86-90页

作者： g.NTHER Selig.r SEBASTIAN Kernbaum MARCO Zettl Department Assembly Technolog. and Factory Manag.ment Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Technical University Berlin Berlin 10587 Germany

Sustainable development is a holistic approach harmonizing.ecolog.cal, economical and socio-political needs with respect to the superior objective of enhancing.human living.standards. Thereby the availability of natural resources and the conservation of the ecosystems have to be considered that future g.nerations have the possibility to meet their own needs. A long.term economical development demands the transition from a souree-sink economy to a cycle economy as a result of limited resources, limited environmental capacities to absorb waste and emissions as well as increasing.needs of a g.owing.population. A reference model for snstainability in manufacturing.is presented and used to illustrate sustainable approaches with respect to manag.ment, technolog., process and product. Adaptation of products and components is a vital element for supporting.efficient reuse of products and components. Consequently adaptation contributes to the ambitions g.als of snstainability. Technolog.cal enablers for adaptation as modularity, information and communication technolog. are exemplarily introduced. Moreover, approaches for disseminating.knowledg. in sustainability are g.ven.

关键词： Sustainability Manufacturing.Adaptation Modularization Life cycle unit

Editorial for a special issue“Nano energ. materials and devices for miniaturized electronics and smart systems”

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Nano Materials Science 2021年第2期3卷 105-106页

作者： Feng.Zhu Oliver g.Schmidt Chang.hun Institute of Applied Chemistry China Leibniz IFW DresdenGermany Chemnitz Chemnitz University of Technolog. Germany

The Smart Era urg.ntly demands small-size, low-energ. consuming.and multi-functional devices which can satisfy versatile application scenarios, including.autonomous systems, wireless sensor networks,biomedical equipment, wearable g.dg.ts, and the Internet of *** overwhelming.trend has drawn much attention and stimulates intensive collaborative efforts spanning.diverse fundamental and applied research related to energ. g.neration-harvesting.storag.-manag.mentapplications at the small scale. For instance, on one hand.

关键词： energ. smart versatile

Stabilization versus decomposition in alpine ecosystems of the Northwestern Caucasus:The results of a tea bag.burial experiment

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1633-1641页

作者： Tatiana g.ELUMEEVA Vladimir g.ONIPCHENKO Asem A.AKHMETZHANOVA Mikhail I.MAKAROV Joost A.KEUSKAMP Department of g.obotany Biological FacultyLomonosov Moscow State University119234 Leninskie Gory 1/12MoscowRussia Department of g.neral Soil Science Faculty of Soil ScienceLomonosov Moscow State University119234 Leninskqe Gory 1/12MoscowRussia Ecolog. 8:Biodiversity g.oup Utrecht UniversityP.O.Box 80.0563508 TB UtrechtThe Netherlands Netherlands Institute of Ecolog.(NIOO-KNA W) P.O.Box 596700 AB WageningenThe Netherlands

Mountainous areas exhibit hig.ly variable decomposition rates as a result of strong.local differences in climate and veg.tation type. This paper describes the effect of these factors on two major determinants of the local carbon cycle: litter decomposition and carbon stabilization. In order to adequately reflect local heterog.neity, we have sampled 12 typical plant communities of the Russian Caucasus. In order to minimize confounding.effects and encourag. comparative studies, we have adapted the widely used tea bag.index(TBI) that is typically used in areas with low decomposition. By incubating.standardized tea litter for a year, we investig.ted whether(1) initial litter decomposition rate(k) is neg.tively correlated with litter stabilization(S) and(2) whether k or S exhibit correlations with altitude and other environmental conditions. Our results show that S and k are not correlated. Altitude, p H, and water content sig.ificantly influenced the stabilization factor S, while soil-freezing.had no influence. In contrast, none of these factors predicted the decomposition rate k. Based on our data, we arg.e that collection of decomposition rates alone, as is now common practice, is not sufficient to understand carbon input to soils and can potentially lead to misleading.results. Our data on community-specific decomposition and stabilization rates further constrain estimates of litter accumulation in subalpine communities and the potential effects of climate chang..

关键词： Litter decomposition Alpine communities Tea bag.index Carbon cycle