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control of Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution by Natural Wetland Management

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2010年第4期4卷 62-70页

作者： F.D. Shields jr c.W. Pearce Water Quality and Ecology Research Unit USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford MS 38655-1157 USA

Reduction ofnonpoint source pollutants, principally sediment and nutrients moving from cultivated fields to surface waters, is a major challenge. Remnants of once-extensive natural wetlands occur across the agricultural landscape, and it has been suggested that these areas might be managed to yield improved wetland function in terms of trapping and retention of nonpoint source pollutants. An existing wetland in a severed meander bend cut off in the 1940s from the coldwater River in Tunica county, MS, USA was modified by the construction of weirs equipped with water control structures. The wetland was a segment o fold river channel about 500 m long and 20 m wide. Inputs to the wetland cell included sporadic flows due to runoff events from about 350 ha of cultivated fields and less frequent but larger flood events from the river. This type of flood event occurred only once during the study. concentrations of sediment and nutrients in water were generally lower at the downstream end of the wetland cell than in the major inflow, an ephemeral slough. Mean values of turbidity, suspended sediment concentration, and concentrations of filterable and total phosphorus were 25% to 40% lower at the wetland cell discharge weir than in the slough. Mean concentrations of ammonia were 38% lower, but mean nitrate and nitrite concentrations were essentially unchanged by the wetland cell. comparison of estimated input and output loads during periods when the wetland cell was not flooded by the river indicated that the wetland cell retained about 18% of input suspended sediment, 24% of phosphorus, and 29% of nitrogen input from cultivated fields. Wetland cell sediment and nutrient retention efficiency was treater for drier months, and declined durin~ wetter periods with frequent runoff events.

关键词： Agriculture nutrients sediments wetlands ecological engineering.

co-infection of hepatitis B and hepatitis c virus in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in New York city,United States

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6689-6693页

作者： Jong Hun Kim George Psevdos jr Jin Suh Victoria Lee Sharp Department of Medicine St.Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital CenterColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons1000 10th AveNew York 10019United States center for comprehensive care St.Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center1000 10th AveSuite 2TNew York 10019United States Division of Infectious Diseases St.Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital CenterColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons1111 Amsterdam AveNew York 10025United States center for comprehensive care St.Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center1000 10th AVer Suite 2TNew York 10019United States

AIM： To study the prevalence and risk factors associated with triple infection with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）/hepatitis B virus （HBV）/hepatitis c virus （HcV） in an urban clinic population. METHODS： Retrospective chart review of 5639 patients followed at St. Luke＇s-Roosevelt Hospital HIV clinic （center for comprehensive care） in New York city, USA from January 1999 to May 2007. The following demographic characteristics were analyzed： age, sex, race and HIV risk factors. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of demographic factors on acquisition of these viruses. RESULTS： HIV/HBV, HIV/HcV and HIV/HBV/HcV infections were detected in 252/5639 （4.47%）, 1411/5639 （25.02%） and 89/5639 （1.58%） patients, respectively. HIV/HBV co-infections were associated with male gender （OR 1.711; P = 0.005）, black race （OR 2.091, P 〈 0.001）, men having sex with men （MSM）（OR 1.747, P = 0.001）, intravenous drug use （IDU）（OR 0.114, P 〈 0.001）, IDU and heterosexual activity （OR 0.247; P = 0.018）, or unknown （OR 1.984, P = 0.004）.HIV/HcV co-infections were associated with male gender （OR 1.241; P = 0.011）, black race （OR 0.788; P = 0.036）, MSM （OR 0.565; P 〈 0.001）, IDU （OR 8.956; P 〈 0.001）, IDU and heterosexual activity （OR 9.106; P 〈 0.001）, IDU and MSM （OR 9.179; P 〈 0.001）, or transfusion （OR 3.224; P 〈 0.001）. HIV/HBV/HcV coinfections were associated with male gender （OR 2.156; P = 0.015）, IDU （OR 6.345; P 〈 0.001）, IDU and heterosexual activity （OR 9.731; P 〈 0.001）, IDU and MSM （OR 9.228; P 〈 0.001）, or unknown （OR 4.219; P = 0.007）. cONcLUSION： Our study demonstrates that coinfection with HBV/HcV/HIV is significantly associated with IDU. These results highlight the need to intensify education and optimal models of integrated care, particularly for populations with IDU, to reduce the risk of viral transmission.

关键词： Prevalence Demographics Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis B Hepatitis c

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UNIX 自学通第一版

In vivo study of conductive 3D printed PcL/MWcNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation for bone tissue engineering

丛书名：自学通系列丛书

1998年

作者：（美）Dave Taylor James c.Armstrong jr

18170403060801

ISBN: (纸本)711106089X

18170403060801

关键词： UNIX操作系统基本知识

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第2期4卷 190-202页

作者： Edney P.e Silva Boyang Huang Júlia V.Helaehil Paulo R.L.Nalesso Leonardo Bagne Maraiara A.de Oliveira Gabriela c.c.Albiazetti Ali Aldalbahi Mohamed El-Newehy Milton Santamaria-jr Fernanda A.S.Mendonça Paulo Bártolo Guilherme F.caetano Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foundation-FHOArarasSao PauloBrazil Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringSchool of EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

critical bone defects are considered one of the major clinical challenges in reconstructive bone *** combination of 3D printed conductive scaffolds and exogenous electrical stimulation(ES)is a potential favorable approach for bone tissue *** this study,3D conductive scaffolds made with biocompatible and biodegradable polycaprolactone(PcL)and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWcNTs)were produced using the extrusion-based additive manufacturing to treat large calvary bone defects in *** results show that the use of PcL/MWcNTs scaffolds and ES contributes to thicker and increased bone tissue formation within the bone *** and mineralization are also significantly promoted using high concentration of MWcNTs(3 wt%)and ***,scaffolds favor the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)positive cell formation,while the addition of MWcNTs seems to inhibit the osteoclastogenesis but present limited effects on the osteoclast functionalities(receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand(RANKL)and osteoprotegerin(OPG)expressions).The use of ES promotes the osteoclastogenesis and RANKL expressions,showing a dominant effect in the bone remodeling *** results indicate that the combination of 3D printed conductive PcL/MWcNTs scaffold and ES is a promising strategy to treat critical bone defects and provide a cue to establish an optimal protocol to use conductive scaffolds and ES for bone tissue engineering.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Bone regeneration Bone remodeling carbon nanotube conductive scaffolds Electrical stimulation

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Buzz-pollination in Neotropical bees:genus-dependent frequencies and lack of optimal frequency for pollen release

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 133-142页

作者： conrado Augusto Rosi-Denadai Priscila cassia Souza Araujo Lucio Antonio de Oliveira campos Lirio cosme jr. Raul Narciso c.rvalho Guedes Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de VigosaVigosaMinas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Federal de VigosaVigosaMinas GeraisBrazil

Over 50 genera of bees release pollen from flower anthers using thoracic vibrations,a phenomenon known as *** efficiency of this process is directly affected by the mechanical properties of the buzzes,namely the duration,amplitude,and ***,although the effects of the former two properties are well described,the role of buzz frequency on pollen release remains ***,nearly all of the existing studies describing vibrational properties of natural buzz-pollination are limited to bumblebees(Bombus)and carpenter bees(Xvlocopa)constraining our current understanding of this behavior and its ***,we attempted to minimize this shortcoming by testing whether flower anthers exhibit optimal frequency for pollen release and whether bees tune their buzzes to match these(optimal)*** true,certain frequencies will trigger more pollen release and lighter bees will reach buzz frequencies closer to this optimum to compensate their smaller buzz *** strategies were used to test these hypotheses:(i)the use of(artificial)vibrational playbacks in a broad range of buzz frequencies and amplitudes to assess pollen release by tomato plants(Solarium Ivcopersicum L.)and(ii)the recording of natural buzzes of Neotropical bees visiting tomato plants during *** playback experiment indicates that although buzz frequency does affect pollen release,no optimal frequency exists for *** addition,the recorded results of natural buzz-pollination reveal that buzz frequencies vary with bee genera and are not correlated with body ***,neither bees nor plants are tuned to optimal pollen release *** frequency of buzz-pollination is a likely consequence of the insect flight machinery adapted to reach higher accelerations,while flower plant response to buzz-pollination is the likely result of its pollen granular properties.

关键词： buzz amplitude buzz frequency floral sonication pollination stingless bees vibration

Astigmatic correction with implantation of a light adjustable vs monofocal lens: a single site analysis of a randomized controlled trial

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第7期12卷 1101-1107页

作者： Majid Moshirfar William D.Wagner Steven H.Linn David F.Skanchy Tanner W.Brown Aaron T.Gomez Jackson L.Goldberg Yasmyne c.Ronquillo Phillip c.Hoopes jr. HDR Research center Hoopes VisionDraper UT 84020USA John A. Moran Eye center Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT 84132USA Utah Lions Eye Bank MurrayUT 84107USA Virginia commonwealth University School of Medicine RichmondVA23298USA McGovem Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science center HoustonTX77030USA The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine EdinburgTX78539USA

AIM: To evaluate the light adjustable lens(LAL) vs a standard monofocal lens in achieving target astigmatic refraction and improving postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA). METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial included 40 patients with pre-existing astigmatism and visually significant cataract. Twenty-eight patients received the LAL and 12 control patients received a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) after cataract extraction at a single institution. The patients with the LAL underwent adjustment by ultraviolet(UV) light postoperatively plus subsequent lock-in procedures and all patients returned to clinic for follow up of study parameters at 6, 9, and 12 mo. Manifest refraction, distance visual acuity, and adverse events were recorded at each ***: The mean cylinder before adjustment in eyes with the LAL was-0.89±0.58 D(-2.00 to 0.00 D) and-0.34±0.34 D(-1.25 to 0.00 D) after lock-in(P=1.68 x10-8). The mean cylinder in patients with the monofocal lens was-1.00±0.32 D(-1.50 to-0.50 D) at 17-21 d postoperatively, which was statistically different from the LAL cylinder postlock-in(P=1.43 x10-6). UDVA in the LAL group was 20/20 or better in 79% of patients post lock-in with good stability over 12 mo compared with 33% of the control patients with UDVA of 20/20 or better. cONcLUSION: These results demonstrate that the LAL is more effective in achieving target refractions and improving postoperative UDVA in patients with pre-existing corneal astigmatism than a standard monofocal lens.

关键词： light adjustable lens monofocal lens astigmatism cataract

THE AMPHIBIAN RESEARcH AND MONITORING INITIATIVE （ARMI）: A MODEL INTEGRATED APPROAcH TO DETERMINING NATIONAL AMPHIBIAN STATUS

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THE AMPHIBIAN RESEARCH AND MONITORING INITIATIVE （ARMI）: A...

第十九届国际动物学大会

作者： c.Kenneth Dodd jr. United States Geological Survey 7920 N.W. 71st Street Gainesville Florida 32653 USA

＜正＞In 2000, the US congress authorized the US Geological Survey to design and implement a nation-wide monitoring program for amphibians on lands managed by the Department of Interior. The Amphibian Research and Mon...

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有关麻醉剂的新见解

国外医学（外科学分册） 1989年第4期16卷 223-224页

作者： carl c Hug jr. 丁强

近年来社会、经济等多种因素促进着麻醉实践的变革,最引人嘱目的有:(1)非住院病人的外科手术中心发展很快,这就要求麻醉配合紧凑,苏醒迅速。(2)高龄危重及生理贮备差的手术病人数量剧增,麻醉手术过程中允许机体功能变动的范围相对较窄。... 详细信息

近年来社会、经济等多种因素促进着麻醉实践的变革,最引人嘱目的有:(1)非住院病人的外科手术中心发展很快,这就要求麻醉配合紧凑,苏醒迅速。(2)高龄危重及生理贮备差的手术病人数量剧增,麻醉手术过程中允许机体功能变动的范围相对较窄。(3)科技的发展也给选择麻醉剂和操作技术造成某些限制。为了满足这些特殊要求,新型麻醉药的研制常着眼于起效迅速苏醒快,对机体功能影响小,不良反应少,又可同时伍用其他药物。当前麻醉的目的是保证手术时无痛、神志消失、肌肉松弛,无焦虑紧张。但是,由于人群心血管疾病发生率的剧增,麻醉手术时保证病人血流动力稳定,心肌不过分抑制就很重要。因而某些抑制心肌功能的麻醉药用量就受到一定限制。

关键词：麻醉剂麻醉药平衡麻醉

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SHOcK TUBE AND MODELING STUDY OF THE IGNITION cHEMISTRY OF SMALL HYDROcARBONS

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分子科学学报 1982年第4期 141-153页

作者： Y.Hidaka W.c.Gardiner jr. c.S.Eubank chemistry Department University of Texas Austin Texas chemistry Department University of Texas Austin Texas chemistry Department University of Texas Austin Texas chemistry Department University of Texas Austin Texas

HEAT-release profiles for the ignition of near-stoichiometric andlean hydrocarbon-oxygen mixtures in incident shock waves weremeasured by the laser schlieren method for methane,ethane,ethy-lene and *** modeling showed that the data canbe accounted for at the molecular level by a reaction mechanismin accord with the results of a wide variety of other *** results support recent proposals that the combustion of c1and c2hydrocarbons can be described well by a single unifiedreaction *** or revised rate constant expressions forseveral of the key induction zone reactions are derived and dis-cussed.

关键词： SHOcK TUBE AND MODELING STUDY OF THE IGNITION cHEMISTRY OF SMALL HYDROcARBONS rate RER OK HO