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Global analysis of cover management and support practice factors that control soil erosion and conservation

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 161-176页

作者： Kindiye Ebabu Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Mitsuru Tsubo Enyew Adgo Ayele Almaw Fenta Derege Tsegaye Meshesha Mulatu Liyew Berihun Dagnenet Sultan Matthias Vanmaercke Panos Panagos Pasquale Borrelli eddy j.langendoen jean Poesen Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori UniversityTottori680-0001Japan Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle UniversityP.O.Box 231MekelleEthiopia Faculty of Civil and Water Resource Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 26Bahir DarEthiopia Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KULeuven3001HeverleeBelgium University of Liege Department of Geography(U.R.SPHERES)Clos Mercator 34000LiègeBelgium European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)Ispra(VR)21027Italy Environmental Geosciences University of BaselBasel4056Switzerland National Sedimentation Laboratory Agricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureUSA Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management Maria-Curie Sklodowska UniversityKrasnicka 2D20-718LublinPoland

Cover management and support practices largely control the magnitude and variability of soil *** soil erosion models account for their importance(particularly by C-and P-factors in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation),obtaining spatially explicit quantitative field data on these factors remains ***,also our insight into the effects of soil conservation measures at larger spatial scales remains *** analyzed the variation in C-and P-factors caused by human activities and climatic variables by reviewing 255 published articles reporting measured or calculated C-and P-factor *** found a wide variation in both factor values across climatic zones,land use or cover types,and support *** average C-factor values decreased from arid(0.26)to humid(0.15)climates,whereas the average P-factor values increased(from 0.33 to 0.47,respectively).Thus,support practices reduce soil loss more effectively in drylands and drought-prone *** global average C-factor varies by one order of magnitude from cropland(0.34)to forest(0.03).Among the major crops,the average C-factor was highest for maize(0.42)followed by potato(0.40),among the major orchard crops,it was highest for olive(0.31),followed by vineyards(0.26).The P-factor ranged from 0.62 for contouring in cropland plots to 0.19 for trenches in uncultivated *** C-factor results indicate that cultivated lands requiring intensive site preparation and weeding are most vulnerable to soil loss by sheet and rill *** low P-factor for trenches,reduced tillage cultivation,and terraces suggests that significantly decreased soil loss is possible by implementing more efficient management *** results improve our understanding of the variation in C-and P-factors and support large-scale integrated catchment management interventions by applying soil erosion models where it is difficult to empirically determine the impact of particular land use or cover types and support

关键词： Climate regimes Drought-prone Erosion modeling Land use Soil conservation

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USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory:A Historic Perspective

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journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第3期7卷 228-246页

作者： Robert R.Wells Sean j.Bennett Ronald L.Bingner Seth M.Dabney eddy j.langendoen Henrigue G.Momm Mathias j.M.Romkens Glenn V.Wilson Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureOxfordUSA Department of Geography University at BuffaloBuffaloUSA Department of Geosciences Middle Tennessee State UniversityMurfreesboroUSA

Most authorities concede sediment from soil erosion to be the largest single stream pollutant. Physical damage from sediment includes reservoir storage loss, navigation channel filling, stream channel morphology alterations, ecological impacts, and clogging of drainage pathways. Ultimately, soil erosion is a very expensive problem. In the United States, accelerated soil erosion has been an ongoing issue since the establishment of the colonies. Through the initiative of great minds and the labor of countless individuals, the USDA was established and continues to fight for the people, providing assistance, guidance, and research. In this manuscript, the historical groundwork is laid for the establishment of the USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory (NSL) and a synopsis of NSL research is provided. This brief perspective of soil erosion research conducted on behalf of the people is but a small portion of the illustrious history of the USDA.

关键词： Soil Erosion Sedimentation Ephemeral Gully Water Quality Modeling

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Resolution of phylogenetic relationships of the major subfamilies of the Delphacidae （Homoptera： Fulgoroidea） using the mitochondrial ribosomal DNA

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 167-177页

作者： eddy DIjKSTRA MICHEL A. SLOTMAN RORY j. POST Biosystematics Group Wageningen University the Netherlands The Natural History Museum London UK

Delphacid relationships from the genus level to the subfamily have been completely resolved （among those taxa examined） using sequence data from the 3＇ end of the 12S gene. Monophyly of the non-asiracine subfamilies was strongly supported and the asiracine Ugyops was placed in the most basal position of the tree. Support levels for monophyly of the Delphacini increased after weighting transversions more heavily than transitions and after removing the cixiid outgroup from the dataset. Among the Delphacini, Conomelus and Megamelus were more closely related to each other than either was to Chloriona. These results are in agreement with the tree based on morphological characters. However, in contrast to morphological data our results strongly supported a sister group relationship between the Stenocraninae and the Kelisiinae. Although the 12S gene fragment gave some information about the species relationships within Chloriona, neither this fragment nor the 5＇ end of the 16S gene appear to be very useful for this level. Molecular evolutionary patterns provided evidence that there has been a shift in base composition from T to A during the early evolution of the non-Asiracinae. The non-Asiracinae also had comparatively fast substitution rates and these two observations are possibly correlated. In the ‘ modem＇ delphacid Chloriona, the AT content was comparatively low in regions free of constraints but this was not the case for ‘ non-modem＇ delphacids. The tRNA for valine has been translocated elsewhere, probably before the Delphacidae and Cixiidae diverged from each other.

关键词： classification Delphacidae evolution Fulgoroidea Homoptera rnitochondrial DNA phylogeny ribosomal DNA

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Parallel personal measurements of diesel engine exhaust and crystalline silica using dual sampling port

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 313-319页

作者： Alan Fleck Caroline Couture Virginie Cabelguen Patrick eddy Ryan Ross Thuot Guillaume Lachapelle Hugo Coulombe Maximilien Debia Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of MontrealMontreal H3T 1A8Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagle MinesToronto M5C 2Y7Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine(IAMGOLD)Preissac J0Y 2E0Canada

Diesel engine exhaust(DEE) and crystalline silica exposures occur simultaneously in the mining industry,and occupational sampling campaigns can be time-and cost-consuming. The authors evaluated a dualport system for simultaneous sampling of DEE and crystalline silica in laboratory and field *** tests evaluated the operation of pumps during 8 h sampling and the intensity of the flow variation for various filter loading conditions and for different modes of operation. Field validation was performed in an underground mine. Pumps operated in constant flow or constant pressure *** in constant flow mode showed that when the flowrate increased on one side of the system, it decreased on the opposite side according to the loading intensity. Tests in constant pressure mode showed that flowrates systematically decreased when using loaded cassettes. However, the higher the backpressure setting, the lower the flow variation was. Flow variations during field tests were generally within the acceptable ±5% range. However, significant flow variations were identified in higher concentrations. A significant negative correlation was found between flowrate variation and total carbon concentration. While the majority of tests support the use of the dual-port for evaluating concomitant exposures, results highlight the possibility of filter overloading as a cause of flowrate changes.

关键词： Crystalline silica Diesel engine exhaust Dual-port Mining Monitoring

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OntoPowSys: A power system ontology for cross domain interactions in an eco industrial park

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2020年第1期1卷 87-104页

作者： Aravind Devanand Gourab Karmakar Nenad Krdzavac Remy Rigo-Mariani YSFoo eddy Iftekhar AKarimi Markus Kraft Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeEngineering Drive 4117585Singapore Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore(CARES) CREATE Tower1 Create Way138602Singapore Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveWest SiteCambridge CB30ASUK School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University62 Nanyang Drive637459Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INPG2Elab

Knowledge management in multi-domain,heterogeneous industrial networks like an Eco-Industrial Park(EIP)is a challenging *** this paper,an ontology-based management system has been proposed for addressing this *** focuses on the power systems domain and provides a framework for integrating this knowledge with the other domains of an *** proposed ontology,OntoPowSys is expressed using a Description Logics(DL)syntax and the OWL2 language was used to make it *** is then used as a part of the Knowledge Management System(KMS)in a virtual EIP called the j-Park Simulator(jPS).The advantages of the proposed approach are demonstrated by conducting two case studies on the *** first case study illustrates the application of optimal power flow(OPF)in the electrical network of the *** second case study plays an important role in under-standing the cross-domain interactions between the chemical and electrical engineering domains in a bio-diesel plant of the *** case studies are available as web services on the jPS *** results showcase the advantages of using ontologies in the development of decision support *** tools are capable of taking into account contextual information on top of data during their decision-making *** are also able to exchange knowledge across different domains without the need for a communication interface.

关键词： Bio-diesel plant Description logic Eco-Industrial Park Industry 4.0 Knowledge base Knowledge graph Ontology Optimal power flow

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SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS

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International journal of Sediment Research 2000年第2期 182-197页

作者： Roger A. Kuhnle Sean j. Bennett Carlos V. Alonso Ronald L. Bingner eddy langendoen(National Sedimentation Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 1157,Oxford, Mississippi 38655, USA)

Determination of the total sediment load at selected points in agricultural Watersheds is important forevaltating the status of a land area. Total sediment load date allows the identification of problem areaswhere the land surface is eroding at rates too high to allow sustainable agriculture and/or is producingsediment at rales such that aquatic organisms in nearby streams will be adversely affected. Thedevelopment of effective sampling strategies and accurate computaional models requires accurateinformation on the processes by which sediment is transported. Researchers at the NationalSedimentation Laboratory are developing and testing new methods to measure and predict sedimentbospoft. These new methods are providing an improved understanding of the processes involved insediment transport and are leading to important advancements in the measurement and prediction ofsediment transport.

关键词： Total sediment load Sediment transport Sustainable agriculture Water quality Agricultural watershed

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用于获取过去环境资料的技术和国际地圈-生物圈计划的重点

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地质地球化学 1990年第5期18卷 35-50页

作者： H.Oeschger j.A.eddy 戎军姜洪波

本文是1988年7月6—8日在瑞士伯尔尼大学召开的国际地圈-生物圈计划(IGBP)“过去环境资料获取技术”工作会议报告的第二、三部分,亦即国际地圈-生物圈计划“全球变化研究”项目第六号报告的第二、三部分。第二部分——现有的技术——... 详细信息

本文是1988年7月6—8日在瑞士伯尔尼大学召开的国际地圈-生物圈计划(IGBP)“过去环境资料获取技术”工作会议报告的第二、三部分,亦即国际地圈-生物圈计划“全球变化研究”项目第六号报告的第二、三部分。第二部分——现有的技术——着重讨论了反映过去环境条件变化的树轮、湖泊沉积物、极地冰岩心、黄土、海洋沉积物等的应用。第三部分——建议的计划重点——提出了七个重点课题:1)逐年、十年和百年时间尺度的变化;2)埃尔尼诺-南部涛动现象的古记录;3)过去人类对气候和环境的影响;4)全新世的全球变化;5)过去的15万年:冰期-间冰期旋回的全球变化;6)对大洋、陆地数据的需求;7)对模拟古资料的需求。在每一课题中对问题的提出、背景以及建议的IGBP活动等作了阐述。

关键词：环境地学地圈生物圈

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CONTROL OF GULLY EROSION USING STIFF GRASSES

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International journal of Sediment Research 2005年第4期20卷 319-332页

作者： F. D. SHIELDS, jr. S. M. DABNEY E. j. langendoen D. M. TEMPLE Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mississippi Research Argonomist USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mississippis Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mississippi USDA-ARS Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit Stillwater

Concentrated flow can cause gully formation on sloping lands and in riparian zones. Current practice for riparian gully erosion control involves blocking the gully with a structure comprised of an earthen embankment and a metal or plastic pipe. Measures involving native vegetation would be more attractive for habitat recovery and economic reasons. To test the hypothesis that switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) hedges planted at 0.5-m vertical intervals within a gully would control erosion, a series of hedges was established in four concentrated flow channels. Two of the channels were previously eroded trapezoidal channels cut into compacted fill in an outdoor laboratory. The other two channels were natural gullies located at the edge of floodplain fields adjacent to an incised stream. While vegetation was dormant, artificial runoff events were created in the two laboratory gullies and one of the natural gullies using synthetic trapezoidal-shaped hydrographs with peak discharge rates of approximately 0.03, 0.07, and 0.16 m3/s. During these tests flow depth, velocity, turbidity, and soil pore water pressures were monitored. The fourth gully was subjected to a series of natural runoff events over a five-month period with peaks up to 0.09 m3/s. Flow depths in all tests were generally 1 for step heights 1 m, consistent with the experimental observations.

关键词： Erosion Gully Grass hedges Buffers

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Management of Post-Traumatic Stress (PTSD) Dementia and Other Neuro-Degenerative Disease with Photo-Medicine: Clinical Experience and Case Studies

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Open journal of Psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 386-394页

作者： William Stephan Ronald Aung Din Louis j. Banas john Thomas Carolyn Kochert Randy j. Lamartiniere Carol Spooner Gerard Pesca Dudley Chewning eddy 4080 Delaware Ave Tonawanda New York USA 3501 Cattlemen Drive Sarasota FL USA 3218 Daugherty Ave Suite Lafayette IN USA Photo-Medicine 8676 Goodwood Boulevard Baton Rouge LA USA Laser Innovations LLC 2451 East Baseline Road Gilbert AZ USA LMFT 820 Jordan St. Suite 570 Shreveport LA USA

Objective: Photobiomodulation (also known as Low Level Laser. LLLT or Cold Laser;Photo Medicine (PM)) has been a vital adjunct therapy in our clinical practice over 5 years, observations of improvement in cognition and personality were noted in several patients. As a result, selected patients with Alzheimer’s Disease, vascular dementia, post-traumatic brain injury and other neuro-degenerative diseases were treated at clinical practices in Buffalo, New York;Sarasota, Florida;Lafayette, Indiana;Phoenix, Az., and Baton Rouge, La. Over 60 patients were treated with an average of 4 times over an 8-day period all reported/exhibited improvement in their condition, except that two men who were in their seventies were in robust health but had no short-term memory and no improvement was observed. However, Theralase has developed a more efficacious system which will be more efficacious, due to increased power for ATP activation. Method: Over 150 patients with the above conditions were treated in various areas (depending on diagnosis) including the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobe, Hippocampus, and Circle of Willis for duration of two and one-half minutes every 48 hours for 5 - 6 treatments. We utilized the Theralase multi-probe (905 nm/660 nm) at 60 miliwatts. It utilizes 5 - 905 nm near infra-red diodes and 4 infra-red 660 laser diodes with a peak power of 50,000 milliwatts at peak and pulse duration of 200 nanoseconds [1]. The PTSD patients were evaluated utilizing the co-occurring disorders program screening and assessment form. Conclusion: Dementia patients exhibited varying degrees of improvement in cognitive function and personality, leading to improved quality of life and decreased caregiver burden. PTSD patients’ improvement was objectively measured by formal neuropsychological testing utilizing the form. All PTSD patients scored no emotional problems after 3 - 5 treatments and all experienced overall sense of well-being. One experienced return of ability to smell he h

关键词： Photobiomodulation Photo Medicine (PM) Neuroregeneration Neuro-Degenerative Disease Small Vessel Disease (SVD)

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Prognostic implication of the coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with isolated left bundle branch block

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World journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第2期4卷 61-69页

作者： Francisco j. Rodríguez Rodrigo juan Medina Peralta eddy Velásquez Arias Ana Alegría Barrero Teresa San Agustín Lascorz Elena Pérez Pereira Adriana Rodríguez Chaverri Servicio Cardiología Hospital Universitario Madrid Montepríncipe Madrid Spain

The present study aims to determine the influence of microvascular dysfunction (MVD) in the prognosis of patients presenting isolated left bundle branch block (LBBB). Methods: We studied 30 patients (pts), 22 males, 8 females, mean age 57 ± 4 years, with isolated LBBB, with a mean follow up of 48 ± 6 months. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals, 12 males, mean age 52 ± 10 years. Both groups were screened for cardiovascular risk factors (RF);they also had an echocardiogram and Coronary CT Scan, ruling out both structural heart disease and obstructive lesions of the epicardial coronary arteries. A myocardial perfusion study was then performed, with two groups emerging according to these results: Group A, 8 pts (26%), with reversible perfusion defects, in which the diagnosis of MVD was suspected, and Group B, 22 pts (74%), with either normal perfusion or minor septal/apical reversible defects (related to LBBB). All Group A pts, and 9 of the Group B pts, underwent coronary arteriography, with intracoronary acetylcholine and nitroglycerine infusion, thus evaluating vasomotor response as endothelium dependent (acetylcholine) or endothelium independent (nitroglycerine). During follow up, we reviewed functional class, 12 lead ECG and echocardiogram on a yearly basis. Results: All Group A patients had an abnormal acetylcholine response;only three of them had abnormal response to nitroglycerine infusion, suggesting endothelium dependent MVD. Of those in Group B, only one patient had abnormal acetylcholine response. At the end of the follow up period, 3 pts (37%) in Group A, showed functional class decrease vs 5 pts (22%) of those in Group B. In Group A, a significant increase of End Diastolic Left Ventricle Diameter (EDLVD) was found (51.6 ± 3.6 vs 59.3 ± 6.8 mm;p jor complications (death, heart failure admissions) were found. Conclusion: We confirm the associat

关键词： Microvascular Dysfunction Isolated Left Bundle Branch Block Left Ventricular Dysfunction

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