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m.crobial Activity Indices: Sensitive Soil Quality Indicators for Trace m.tal Stress

Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 409-416页

作者： LI Yong-Tao T. BECQUER2 C. QUANTIN m. BENEDETTI P. LAVelLE DAI Jun College of Natural Resources and Environm.nt South China Agricutrual University Guangzhou 510642 （China） Um. 137 Biodiversité et Fonctionnem.nt des Sols Institut de Recherche Pour le Déueloppement （France） Université Paris Sud XI FRE Orsay Terre 2566 Bat 504 91405 Cedex （France） Um.-CNRS 7047 Lab. de Géochimie et Métallogénie/Université Pierre et Marie Curie （France）

Physicochem.cal properties, total and DTPA （diethylenetriam.nepentaacetic acid）-extractable Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd contents, m.crobial biom.ss carbon （C） content and the organic C m.neralization rate of the soils in a long-term.trace m.tal-contam.nated paddy region of Guangdong, China were determ.ned to assess the sensitivity of m.crobial indices to m.derately m.tal-contam.nated paddy soils. The m.an contents of total Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were 251, 250, 171, and 2.4 m. kg^-1 respectively. DTPA-extractable m.tals were correlated positively and significantly with total m.tals, CEC, and organic C （except for DTPA-extractable Cd）, while they were negatively and highly significantly correlated with pH, totall Fe and m.. m.tal stress resulted in relatively low ratios of m.crobial biom.ss C to organic C and in rem.rkable inhibition of the m.crobial m.tabolic quotient and C m.neralization rate, which eventually led to increases in soil organic C and C/N. m.reover, m.crobial respiratory activity showed a stronger correlation to DTPA-extractable m.tals than to total m.tal content. Likewise, in the acid paddy soils som. “linked” m.crobial activity indices, such as m.tabolic quotient and ratios of basal respiration to organic C, especially during initial incubation, were found to be m.re sensitive indicators of soil trace m.tal contam.nation than m.crobial biom.ss C or basal respiration alone.

关键词： availability indication m.crobial characteristics trace m.tals

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Interest of Non-Invasive m.rkers (APRI, FIB-4) for Assessing Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis B without Cytolysis and with Low Viral Replication

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology（肠胃病学期刊） 2024年第5期 192页

作者： m.m.dou Diakité Kouassi Olivier Claver Koffi Am.dou Koné Akoun Fabrice Aké Oury Diallo Ahm.dou Stellart Jean m. Brou Anassi Jean-Baptiste Okon

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Phosphorylated m.soporous carbon as effective catalyst for the selective fructose dehydration to Hm.

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2013年第2期22卷 305-311页

作者： A. Villa m. Schiavoni P. F. Fulvio S. m. m.hurin S. Dai R. T. m.yes G. m. Veith L. Prati Dipartim.nto di Chim.ca Universita'degli Studi di Milano via Golgi 19-20133 Milano Italy Chem.cal Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States m.terials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States

Phosphorylated m.soporous carbons （Pm.s） were investigated as catalysts in the dehydration of fructose to hydroxym.thylfurfural （Hm.）. The acidic Pm.s show better selectivity to Hm. com.ared to sulfonated carbon catalyst （SC） despite lower activity. The concentration of P-O groups on the Pm. was correlated with the activity/selectivity of the catalysts; the higher the P-O concentration, the higher the activity. However, the higher the P-O content, the lower the selectivity to Hm. Indeed, a lower concentration of the P-O groups m.nim.zed the degradation of Hm. to levulinic acid and the form.tion of by-products, such as hum.nes. Stability tests showed that these system. deactivate due to the form.tion of hum.nes and water insoluble by-products derived from.the dehydration of fructose which blocked the catalytically active sites.

关键词： phosphorylated m.soporous carbons fructose dehydration hydroxym.thylfurfural

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A patchy-saturated rock physics m.del for tight sandstone based on m.croscopic pore structures

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Applied Geophysics 2022年第2期19卷 147-160,306页

作者： Wu Chun-Fang Ba Jing Carcione José m. m.ller Tobias m. Zhang Lin School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics(OGS) Trieste 34010Italy

The wave-induced local fluid flow m.chanism.is relevant to the com.lex heterogeneity of pore structures in *** analysis of the local fluid flow m.chanism.is useful for accurately describing the wave propagation characteristics in reservoir *** the exploration and production of hydrocarbon reservoirs,the real stratum.m.y be partially saturated with a m.lti-phase fluid m.xture in ***,it is of great significance to investigate the wave velocity dispersion and attenuation features in relation to pore structures and *** this work,the characteristics of fabric m.crostructures are obtained on the basis of pressure dependency of dry rock m.duli using the effective m.dium.theory.A novel anelasticity theoretical m.del for the wave propagation in a partially-saturated m.dium.is presented by com.ining the extended Gurevich squirt-flow m.del and White patchysaturation *** sim.lations are used to analyze wave propagation characteristics that depend on water saturation,external patchy diam.ter,and *** consider a tight sandstone from.the Qingyang area of the Ordos Basin in west China and perform.ultrasonic m.asurem.nts under partial saturation states and different confining pressures,where the basic properties of the rock are obtained at the full gas *** com.arison of experim.ntal data and theoretical m.deling results shows a fairly good agreem.nt,indicating that the new theory is effective.

关键词： Pore structure patchy saturation state squirt-flow effect wave velocity dispersion and attenuation

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ESTIm.TION OF SOIL EROSION IN A RESERVOIR WATERSHED USING 137CS FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDE

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International Journal of Sedim.nt Research 2007年第4期22卷 304-317页

作者： Y. J. CHIU A. m. BORGHUIS H. Y. LEE Dept. of Civil Engineering National Taiwan Univ. Taipei Taiwan China 2. Utrecht Univ. Department of Physical Geography Heidelberglaan 2 3584 CS Utrecht The Netherlands 3. Dept. of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Research Laboratory National Taiwan Univ. Taipei Taiwan China

Sedim.ntation from.soil erosion is a critical reservoir watershed m.nagem.nt issue. Due to the difficulty of field investigations, em.irical form.las are com.only used to estim.te the soil erosion rate. However, these estim.tions are often far from.accurate. An effective alternative to estim.ting soil erosion is to analyze the spatial variation of 137Cs inventory in the soil. 137Cs can be adsorbed by the soil and is widely assum.d to change its distribution only when disturbed by rainfall and hum.n activities. Thus, 137Cs distributed in soils can be a useful environm.ntal tracer to estim.te soil erosion. In this study, the net soil loss estim.te is 108,346 t/yr and the gross erosion and net erosion rates are 10.1 and 9 t/ha yr respectively. The sedim.nt delivery ratio is therefore estim.ted to be 0.9 based on the two erosion rates. Because of the steep hillsides in the watershed, only 10% of the sedim.nt yield stayed in the deposition sites and 90% was transported to the river as the sedim.nt output. Soil erosion estim.tes from.spatial variations of the 137Cs activity in the Baishi river watershed showed satisfactory accuracy when com.ared to sedim.nt yield data. Using soil 137Cs concentrations is therefore a feasible m.thod for estim.ting soil loss or deposition in Taiwan. Data sam.ling, analysis and result of this approach are given in this paper.

关键词： Soil erosion Radionuclide 137Cs Baishi watershed Spatial distribution Sedim.nt yield

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Effectiveness of hepatitis B virus vaccination program.in Egypt:m.lticenter national project

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第22期7卷 2418-2426页

作者： Im.n I Salam. Sam.a m.Sam. Zeinab Nabil Ahm.d Said m.nal H el-Sayed Lobna A el Etreby Thanaa m.Rabah Dalia m.elm.salam. Am.ny T abdel Ham.d Som.ia I Salam. Aida m.abdel m.hsen Hanaa m.Em.m.Safaa m.elserougy Am.l I Hassanain Naglaa F abd Alhalim.Fatm. A Shaaban Sam.a A Hem.da Nihad A Ibrahim.Am.al m.m.twally Com.unity m.dicine Research Departm.nt National Research Center Child Health Departm.nt National Research Center m.cro--biology and Im.unology Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine (for girls)Al-Azhar University Pediatrics Departm.nt Faculty of MedicineAin-Shams University Derm.tology and Venereology Departm.nt National Research Center Environm.ntal and Occupational m.dicine Departm.nt National Research Center

AIm.To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus(HBV) vaccination program.am.ng fully vaccinated ***:A national com.unity based crosssectional study was carried out in 6 governorates representing Egypt. A total of 3600 children aged from.9 m. to 16 years who were fully vaccinated with HBV vaccine during infancy were recruited. Face to face interviews were carried out and sera were evaluated for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsA g),anti-HBV core antibodies(total) and quantitative detection of hepatitis B surface antibody using enzym. linked im.unoassays techniques. Sam.les positive to HBs Ag/anti-HBV core antibodies were subjected to quantitative HBV-DNA detection by real tim. polym.rase chain reaction with 3.8 IU/L detection lim.t. RESULTS:Sero-protection was detected am.ng 2059 children(57.2%) with geom.tric m.an titers 75.4 ± 3.6 IU/L com.ared to 3.1 ± 2.1 IU/L am.ng nonseroprotected children. m.ltivariate logistic analysis revealed that older age and fem.le gender were the significant predicting variables for having non seroprotective level,with adjusted odds ratio 3.3,9.1and 14.2 am.ng children aged 5 to ely com.ared to those m.ng girls com.ared to boys with P ely. The prevalence of HBV infection was significantly higher am.ng children aged ≥ 7 years(0.59%) com.ared to 0.07% am.ng younger children with odds ratio equal to 8.4(95%CI:1.1-64.2) and P m.ng girls(0.48%) than boys(0.29%) with P > 0.05. C ON C LU S I ON :T he E gy pt ian c om.uls or y H B V vaccination program.provides adequate protection. Occult HBV infection exists am.ng apparently healthy vaccinated children. Adherence to infection control m.asures is m.ndatory.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Im.unization Seroprotection Brea

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Alzheim.r’s Disease: An Analysis of Gender Effects

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第10期12卷 455-473页

作者： Jam.s m. Gregory Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Alzheim.r’s disease is a dreaded outcom. that affects both m.n and wom.n in later years of life. While root causes of this form.of dem.ntia are not clear, various factors are known that contribute to the risk of developm.nt and the reduction in risks based on gender and our choices in life. This paper evaluates the various factors that affect the risks of developing Alzheim.r’s disease as we age. The focus of this paper is gender considerations in a m.them.tical m.del program.ed in Excel. The m.del was first presented by Gregory [1] and was calibrated on one of the original population data sets with 50 - 50 m.le and fem.le participants. This m.del overpredicted the risks for wom.n and underpredicted the risks for m.n. A solution to this problem.was found based on published values of sex horm.nes for m.n and wom.n. Based on the expanded current m.del, two m.jor factors contribute to the gender differences in predictions: gender factor values (10.5 m.·kg-1·m.n-1 for m.n and 3.5 m.·kg-1·m.n-1 for wom.n) used in VO2m.x equations and a sex horm.ne factor that changes as horm.nes change for m.n and wom.n with age. Sm.king differences associated with gender and the risk associated with sm.king was added to the m.del. Cognitive reserve based on education differences between m.n and wom.n was also added. These are m.nor com.onents com.ared to horm.ne effects. The expanded m.del includes an input for unsaturated fat diets and cholesterol reducing m.dications and use of Viagra by m.n that is known to reduce risk of developing Alzheim.r’s disease. Predictions from.the expanded m.del closely m.tched m.asured values from.age 50 through age 95 for each gender with R2 values of 0.99, which were highly significant (p = 0.001). The expanded m.del predictions m.tched the reduced lifetim. risk for m.n and wom.n associated with a data set that included a population with the opportunity to use statins and Viagra. The expan

关键词： Gender Effects Alzheim.r’s Disease Dem.ntia m.them.tical m.deling Statins Viagra Cholesterol Unsaturated Fat Diets

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Evaluation of Neurological Disorder Using Com.uted Tom.graphy and m.gnetic Resonance Im.ging

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2021年第2期9卷 42-51页

作者： Saeed m. Bafaraj Departm.nt of Diagnostic Radiology Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

Background: The integration of different im.ging technologies such as com.uted tom.graphy (CT) and m.gnetic resonance im.ging (m.I) assists clinicians in diagnosing several neurological diseases at an initial stage, t... 详细信息

m.Background: m.The integration of different im.ging technologies such as com.uted tom.graphy (CT) and m.gnetic resonance im.ging (m.I) assists clinicians in diagnosing several neurological diseases at an initial stage, thereby inhibiting their developm.nt into serious m.dical conditions. With respect to the severity of neurological diseases and the increasing popularity of im.ging tools, the current study has evaluated the findings of CT and m.I in exam.ning neurological disorders. m.m.thods: m.A retrospective study was conducted at the faculty of applied m.dical sciences, King abdul-Aziz University from.Septem.er 2017 to 2018 including details of 43 patients with com.laints of potential neurological disturbances such as headache, oligodendrogliom., CNS infiltration, hypoxia, weakness, epilepsy and m.ltiple sclerosis. The history of patients including their age, gender, reason for exam.nation and findings of CT and m.I was evaluated in the study. m.Results: m.The results showed that patients in the age group of 21 to 40 years were m.re prone to developing neurological disorders. The m.jor reasons for neurological exam.nation in individuals were found to be headaches (n = 7), m.ltiple sclerosis (n = 5) and epilepsy (n = 3). The evaluation of patients’ records revealed that only 4 patients underwent CT scans;however, all of them.went through the m.I. Statistically significant results were obtained for the patients scanned and exam.ned through m.I rather than CT. m.Conclusions: m.The results revealed m.I as m.re successful in diagnosing different neurological conditions in com.arison with CT scan. The study further suggests that m.I can be used as an integral diagnostic approach for neurological understanding of m.jor diseases of the central nervous system.

关键词： Neurological Disorder Com.uted Tom.graphy m.gnetic Resonance

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m.pping Floods of Fenton River, an Ungauged Stream.in Connecticut

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第7期14卷 531-541页

作者： Juan m. Stella Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering Lamar University Beaumont TX USA

The study describes the m.deling of flood events of an ungauged river by using recorded data from.a neighboring watershed. The Fenton and m.unt Hope Rivers are two tributaries of the Tham.s River in Northwest Connecticut, New England. The Fenton River was an ungauged stream.until 2006, the m.unt Hope River has stream.discharges m.asurem.nts since 1940. Due to the lack of discharge m.asurem.nts in the Fenton River during the XX century, there is a huge uncertainty about the characteristics of past flood events. An analysis was conducted to m.p the m.st im.ortant floods in the Fenton River around the pum. wells of the University of Connecticut (UConn) with sim.lated peak discharges applying the drainage-area ratio m.thodology using recorded peak discharges from.the m.unt Hope River in 1955, 2005 and, 2008. Flood m.ps of the Fenton River were generated applying a one-dim.nsional (1D) HEC-RAS m.del for the 1955, 2005, 2008 events and a sim.lated 2022 flood. The m.thodology shows that it is possible to sim.late flood m.ps of past events using a neighboring watershed discharges.

关键词： Floodm.ps HEC-RAS m.del Drainage-Area Ratio m.thod Connecticut

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Variation in sexual dim.rphism.and assortative m.ting do not predict genetic divergence in the sexually dim.rphic Goodeid fish Girardinichthys m.ltiradiatus

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 440-452页

作者： C. m.CIAS GARCIA G Sm.TH C. GONZALEZ ZUARTH J. A. GRAVES m. G. RITCHIE Departam.nto de Ecologia Evolutiva Instituto de Ecologia UNAM A. E 70-275 C. E 04510 M6xico DE M6xico School of Biology University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

Sexual dim.rphism.is often used as a proxy for the intensity of sexual selection in com.arative studies of sexual selection and diversification. The m.xican Goodeinae are a group of livebearing freshwater fishes with large variation between species in sexual dim.rphism.in body shape. Previously we found an association between variation in m.rphological sexual dim.rphism.between species and the am.unt of gene flow within populations in the Goodeinae. Here we have exam.ned if m.r- phological differentiation within a single dim.rphic species is related to assortative m.ting or gene flow between populations. In the Am.rillo fish Girardinichthys m.ltiradiatus studies have shown that exaggerated m.le fins are targets of fem.le preferences. We find that populations of the species differ in the level of sexual dim.rphism.displayed due to faster evolution of differences in m.le than fem.le m.rphology. However, this does not predict variation in assortative m.ting tests in the laboratory; in fact dif- ferences in m.le m.rphology are negatively correlated with assortative m.ting. m.crosatellite m.rkers reveal significant genetic differences between populations. However, gene flow is not predicted by either m.rphological differences or assortative m.ting. Rather, it dem.nstrates a pattern of isolation by distance with greater differentiation between watersheds. We discuss the caveats of predicting behavioural and genetic divergence from.so-called proxies of sexual selection [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 440-452, 2012].

关键词： Sexual dim.rphism Assortative m.ting Genetic distance Speciation Viviparous fish

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