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The complicated life of a physician-soldier: Medical readiness training exercises &the problem of dual loyalties

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第10期6卷 8-18页

作者： Sheena M. eagan Chamberlin Institute for the Medical Humanities University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston USA

While physicians are generally understood as owing moral obligation to the health and well being of their individual patients, military health professionals can face ethical tensions between responsibilities to individual patients and responsibilities to the military mission. The conflicting obligations of the two roles held by the physician-soldier are often referred to as the problem of dual loyalties and have long been a topic of debate. This paper seeks to enrich the dualloyalties debate by examining the embedded case study of medical civilian assistance programs. These programs represent the use of medicine within the military for strategic goals. Thus, a physician is expected to meet his obligation to his role as a soldier while also practicing medicine. These programs involve obligations inherent in both roles of the physician-soldier and thusly they serve as excellent exemplars for the problem of dual loyalties at an institutional level. This paper focuses on Medical Readiness Training Exercises (MEDRETEs). These programs are short-term, generally taking place in low-income nations in order to accomplish strategic goals including training opportunities for military medical professionals that are not possible on the home front. This form of temporary program raises ethical concerns regarding the exploitation of vulnerable populations and the value of what is termed “parachute medicine”. The short-term nature of these interventions makes long-term treatment and follow-up impossible, begging the question as to whether this peak and trough approach to foreign civilian aid is of any use. Physicians are generally understood as having obligations towards the well being of the patient, which these programs do not necessarily prioritize. Rather, the programmatic intent is military, with political and strategic aims of furthering international relations, increasing US military global presence and providing austere and tropical training opportunities for military healt

关键词： Military Medicine Dual Loyalty Medical Ethics History of Medicine Military History Military Ethics MEDRETEs Civic Action

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Needle Electromyography, F-Wave, and H-Reflex: A Critical Reappraisal of Their Utility in the Diagnosis of Various Sensory Symptoms in the Extremities and Spine in the Setting of Normal Neurological Examination

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第12期11卷 383-391页

作者： Reynaldo P. Lazaro Thomas S. eagan Neurology and Electroneuromyography Clinic Oneonta NY USA Orthopaedic and Wellness Center and Electroneuromyography Clinic Gloversville NY USA

Objective: Health care providers refer their patients to electromyography (EMG) laboratories for the evaluation of various sensory symptoms in the extremities and spine. The procedure is usually performed in conjunction with transcutaneous electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves and elicitation of the F-wave and H-reflex. The present study aimed to determine the real value of these procedures in the diagnosis of sensory symptoms in the setting of a normal neurologic examination. Method: The EMG reports and clinical histories of 100 patients, including 10 patients evaluated by other electromyographers, were reviewed. The study was focused on those with normal neurological examinations and those without histories of ongoing medical disorders and major surgeries to the extremities and spine. Results: All EMGs, F-wave, and H-reflex reports reviewed were normal, including those obtained from the second procedure performed in some patients and of those who subsequently underwent spinal surgery. Neurologic examination in all patients was normal. Conclusion: Needle EMG, F-wave and H-Reflex examinations are predictably normal in patients with non-dermatomal, non-neuropathic sensory symptoms with normal neurologic examination and without history of pre

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绿色环保混凝土

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科技英语学习 2007年第10期 11-13页

作者： James eagan 胡德良

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A BLOCK VARIANT OF THE GMRES METHOD FOR UNSYMMETRIC LINEAR SYSTEMS

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 1996年第Z1期1卷 508-514页

作者： GUANGYE LI CRAY RESEARCH, INC.(55F LONE OAK DRIVE eagan, MN 55121, USA FAX: 612-683-5276, E-MAIL: GLI@***) Cray Research Inc Eagan USA

Iterative methods that take advantage of efficient block operations and block communications are popular research topics in parallel computation. These methods are especially important on Massively Parallel Processors (MPP). This paper presents a block variant of the GMRES method for solving general unsymmetric linear systems. It is shown that the new algorithm with block size s, denoted by BVGMRES(s,m), is theoretically equivalent to the GMRES(s. m) method. The numerical results show that this algorithm can be more efficient than the standard GMRES method on a cache based single CPU computer with optimized BLAS kernels. Furthermore, the gain in efficiency is more significant on MPPs due to both efficient block operations and efficient block data communications. Our numerical results also show that in comparison to the standard GMRES method, the more PEs that are used on an MPP, the more efficient the BVGMRES(s,m) algorithm is.

关键词： iterative method unsymmetric linear system block algorithm parajlel computation.

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踝关节骨折切开复位内固定术后并发症发生率

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临床骨科杂志 2009年第3期12卷 261-261页

作者： SooHoo N F Krenek L eagan M J 胡孔足卜海富

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