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High-capacity free-space optical link in the midinfrared thermal atmospheric windows using unipolar quantum devices

Advanced Photonics 2022年第5期4卷 36-46页

作者： Pierre Didier Hamza Dely Thomas Bonazzi Olivier Spitz elie awwad Étienne Rodriguez Angela Vasanelli Carlo Sirtori Frédéric Grillot Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de ParisLTCIPalaiseauFrance mirSense Centre d’integration NanoInnovPalaiseau France ENS UniversitéPSLCNRSSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde ParisLaboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale SupérieureParisFrance University of Central Florida CREOLCollege of Optics and PhotonicsOrlandoFloridaUnited States University of New Mexico Center for High Technology MaterialsAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUnited States

Free-space optical communication is a very promising alternative to fiber communication systems,in terms of ease of deployment and *** light has several features of utter relevance for free-space applications:low absorption when propagating in the atmosphere even under adverse conditions,robustness of the wavefront during long-distance propagation,and absence of regulations and restrictions for this range of wavelengths.A proof-of-concept of high-speed transmission taking advantage of intersubband devices has recently been demonstrated,but this effort was limited by the short-distance optical path(up to 1 m).In this work,we study the possibility of building a long-range link using unipolar quantum *** different detectors are used:an uncooled quantum cascade detector and a nitrogen-cooled quantum well-infrared *** evaluate the maximum data rate of our link in a back-to-back configuration before adding a Herriott cell to increase the length of the light path up to 31 *** using pulse shaping,pre-and post-processing,we reach a record bitrate of 30 Gbit s−1 for both two-level(OOK)and four-level(PAM-4)modulation schemes for a 31-m propagation link and a bit error rate compatible with error-correction codes.

关键词： free-space communication Stark-effect external modulator midinfrared photonics intersubband technology unipolar quantum devices

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Interband cascade technology for energy-efficient mid-infrared free-space communication

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Photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 582-590页

作者： PIERRE DIDIER HEDWIG KNÖTIG OLIVIER SPITZ LAURENT CERUTTI ANNA LARDSCHNEIDER elie awwad DANIEL DIAZ-THOMAS ANBARANOV ROBERT WEIH JOHANNES KOETH BENEDIKT SCHWARZ FRÉDÉRIC GRILLOT LTCI Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau 91120France mirSense Centre d’intégration NanoInnovPalaiseau 91120France Institute for Solid State Electronics TU Wien1040 ViennaAustria Currently with CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes Universitéde MontpellierCNRS UMR 5214Montpellier 34000France Nanoplus Nanosystems and Technologies GmbH 97218 GerbrunnGermany Center for High Technology Materials University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87106USA

Space-to-ground high-speed transmission is of utmost importance for the development of a worldwide broadband ***-infrared wavelengths offer numerous advantages for building such a system,spanning from low atmospheric attenuation to eye-safe operation and resistance to inclement weather *** demonstrate a full interband cascade system for high-speed transmission around a wavelength of 4.18μ*** low-power consumption of both the laser and the detector in combination with a large modulation bandwidth and sufficient output power makes this technology ideal for a free-space optical communication *** proof-of-concept experiment employs a radio-frequency optimized Fabry–Perot interband cascade laser and an interband cascade infrared photodetector based on a type-II InAs/GaSb *** bandwidth of the system is evaluated to be around 1.5 *** allows us to achieve data rates of 12 Gbit/s with an on–off keying scheme and 14 Gbit/s with a 4-level pulse amplitude modulation *** quality of the transmission is enhanced by conventional pre-and post-processing in order to be compatible with standard error-code correction.

关键词： communication system free

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An infinite-dimensional representation of the Ray-Knight theorems

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 149-162页

作者： elie Aidékon Yueyun Hu Zhan Shi School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China LAGA UniversitéSorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuse 93430France Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The classical Ray-Knight theorems for the Brownian motion determine the law of its local time process either at the first hitting time of a given value a by the local time at the origin,or at the first hitting time of a given position b by the Brownian *** extend these results by describing the local time process jointly for all a and b,by means of the stochastic integral with respect to an appropriate white *** result applies toμ-processes,and has an immediate application:aμ-process is the height process of a Feller continuous-state branching process(CSBP)with immigration(Lambert(2002)),whereas a Feller CSBP with immigration satisfies a stochastic differential equation(SDE)driven by a white noise(Dawson and Li(2012));our result gives an explicit relation between these two descriptions and shows that the SDE in question is a reformulation of Tanaka’s formula.

关键词： Ray-Knight theorem μ-process white noise Tanaka's formula

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Residence time distribution of wood chips in a semi-industrial multiple hearth furnace using RFID tracers Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 268-279页

作者： elie Lacombe Muriel Marchand Capucine Dupont Denis Maréchal Thierry Melkior Univ Grenoble Alpes CEALITENDTCHLaboratoire Réacteurs et ProcédésF-38000GrenobleFrance IHE Delft Department of Water Supply Sanitation and Environmental EngineeringDelftthe Netherlands John Cockerill SeraingBelgium

In continuous biomass torrefaction plants,the products'yields,composition and homogeneity highly depend on the residence time of particles.A characterization of particle residence time distribution(RTD)was therefore carried out in an industrial-scale multiple hearth furnace on poplar wood chips using radio frequency identification *** effects of operating conditions,namely,mass flow rate of biomass,shaft speed of the rabbling system and interdental length on the RTD were *** increase of shaft speed and mass flow rate reduces particles’mean residence *** the length between two successive teeth also increases the bed *** biomass accumulation(also called“bulldozing”)was observed during several *** phenomenon is favored by a high mass flow rate of resources,a small interdental length between the teeth and a low shaft *** measurements were compared to the axial dispersion *** all tests,the Peclet number is ranging between 20 and 62,indicating that the multiple hearth furnace cannot be modelled as an ideal plug flow reactor.

关键词： Biomass Multiple hearth furnace Residence time distribution RFID

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Advancing critical care recovery:The pivotal role of machine learning in early detection of intensive care unit-acquired weakness

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4455-4459页

作者： Georges Khattar elie Bou Sanayeh Department of Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States

This editorial explores the significant challenge of intensive care unit-acquiredweakness(ICU-AW),a prevalent condition affecting critically ill patients,characterizedby profound muscle weakness and complicating patient *** paradox of modern medical advances,it emphasizes the urgent needfor early identification and intervention to mitigate ICU-AW's ***,the study by Wang et al is showcased for employing a multilayer perceptronneural network model,achieving high accuracy in predicting *** advancement underscores the potential of neural network models inenhancing patient care but also calls for continued research to address limitationsand improve model *** editorial advocates for the developmentand validation of sophisticated predictive tools,aiming for personalized carestrategies to reduce ICU-AW incidence and severity,ultimately improving patientoutcomes in critical care settings.

关键词： Critical illness myopathy Critical illness polyneuropathy Early detection Intensive care unit-acquired weakness Neural network models Patient outcomes Personalized intervention strategies Predictive modeling

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Modeling and Characterization of Fine Particulate Matter Dynamics in Bujumbura Using Low-Cost Sensors

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 256-267页

作者： Egide Ndamuzi Rachel Akimana Paterne Gahungu elie Bimenyimana Doctorate School of the University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Physics University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C) The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus

Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of PM2.5 in Bujumbura and the forecasting of PM2.5 concentration have been conducted in this paper using data collected during a year, from August 2022 to August 2023, by low-cost sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and seasonal analysis was carried out and the results showed that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the three municipalities differ from one commune to another. The average hourly and annual PM2.5 concentrations exceed the World Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 μg/m3. In order to make a prediction of PM2.5 concentration, an investigation of Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory has been undertaken.

关键词： Particulate Matter Recurrent Neural Networks Calibration

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Low-temperature catalytic methane deep oxidation over sol-gel derived mesoporous hausmannite (Mn_(3)O_(4)) spherical particles

ChemPhysMater

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第3期3卷 329-340页

作者： Patrick Ndouka Ndouka Stephane Kenmoe Jacques Richard Mache elie Acayanka Dick Hartmann Douma Ralph Gebauer Patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 814 MarouaCameroon Department of Theoretical Chemistry University of Duisburg-EssenD-45141 EssenGermany Department of Mining Engineering School of Geology and Mining EngineeringUniversity of NgaoundéréP.O.Box 115 MeigangaCameroon Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Groupe de Simulations Numériques en Magnétisme et Catalyse Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéMarien NgouabiB.P.69 BrazzavilleCongo The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics(ICTP) 34151 TriesteItaly National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of MarouaP.O.Box 46 MarouaCameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture WoodWater and EnvironmentUniversity of EbolowaP.O.Box 118 EbolowaCameroon

In this study,Mn_(3)O_(4) spherical particles(SPs)were synthesized by the sol-gel process,after which they were thermally annealed at 400℃,and comprehensively characterized.X-ray Diffraction(XRD)revealed that Mn_(3)O_(4) exhibited a tetragonal spinel structure,and Fourier transformed infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy identified surfaceadsorbed functional *** electron microscopy(SEM)and the specific surface area analyses by Brunauer−Emmett−Teller(BET)revealed a porous,homogeneous surface composed of strongly agglomerated spherical grains with an estimated average particle size of∼35 nm,which corresponded to a large specific surface area of∼81.5 m^(2)/g.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis indicated that Mn_(3)O_(4) was composed of metallic cations(Mn^(4+),Mn_(3)+,and Mn^(2+))and oxygen species(O_(2)−,OH−and CO_(3)2−).The optical bandgap energy is∼2.55 *** of the catalytic performance of the Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs indicated T90 conversion of CH4 to CO_(2) and H2O at 398℃ for gas hourly space velocity(GHSV)of 72000 mL^(3) g^(−1) h^(−1).This observed performance can be attributed to the cooperative effects of the smallest spherical grain size with a mesoporous structure,which is responsible for the larger specific surface area and available surface-active oxygenated *** cooperative effect of the good reducibility,higher ratio of active species(OLat/OAds),and results of density functional theory(DFT)calculations suggested that the total oxidation of CH4 over the mesoporous Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs might take place via a two-term process in which both the Langmuir−Hinshelwood and Mars−van Krevelen mechanisms are cooperatively involved.

关键词： Sol-gel Manganese oxide Catalytic oxidation Methane Langmuir−Hinshelwood mechanism Mars−van Krevelen route Two−term process

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Effect of Aqueous Extract of Boscia senegalensis on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress Induced in Rats

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第1期14卷 49-68页

作者： Faustin Dongmo elie Baudelaire Djantou Alcherif Hamid Mahamat Selestin Sokeng Dongmo Nicolas Njintang Yanou Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Food Science and Nutrition ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Biomedical and Pharmacetical Sciences National Higher Institute of Science and Techniques of Abeche Abeche Chad

Boscia aqueous extract. senegalensis on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress induced in rats. The aqueous extract was prepared from B. senegalensis seed powders under the extraction conditions: time (10 min), temperature (55˚C) and the ratio of mass of flour/volume of water (3/10 g/mL). Male wistar rats aged 6 to 8 weeks were acclimated and divided into 8 groups of 5 rats each: two normal control groups which received a normal standard diet (3810 kcal/kg), and six test groups which were subjected to a hyperlipidemic diet (5310 Kcal/kg). All groups of animals were fed in this manner for 8 weeks to induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. After induction the animals were treated either with distilled water for the normal and negative control groups or with atorvastatin for the positive control group or with the extract of B. senegalensis. (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) for the test groups. Fasting blood glucose was taken every 7 days during induction. After sacrifice, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were measured. The aqueous extract of B. senegalensis significantly decreased (p B. senegalensis at a dose of 500 mg/kg has the capacity to reduce blood sugar, improve the quality of the lipid profile and reduce oxidative stress. Thus, the results reveal that the aqueous extract of B. senegalensis has powerful hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties.

关键词： Boscia Senegalensis Hypoglycemic Hypolipidemic Hyperlipidemic Diet An-tioxidant

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Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects and Factors Associated with Typical Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the General Population of Parakou, Republic of Benin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期14卷 41-58页

作者： Saké Khadidjatou Tamou Sambo Bio elie Zinsou Jocelyne Abla Dovonou Comlan Albert Sehonou Jean Kodjoh Nicolas Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Teaching and Research Unit of Gastroenterology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a benign and chronic disease that can impair the quality of life. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical aspects and factors associated with typical GERD in the general population of Parakou in the Republic of Benin. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection which took place from May 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. The study population consisted of any subject aged at least 15 years and living in Parakou. Subjects aged at least 15 years, present on the day of the survey and having given their free and informed verbal consent were included. The Short form of QRS®(Reflux-Qual Short form) questionnaire and the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression” score were used to assess the quality of life and anxiety/depression, respectively. The sampling was probabilistic through a 2-stage cluster sampling. The variable of interest was the presence of GERD. Results: Out of 390 subjects surveyed, 28 had symptoms of typical GERD, representing a prevalence of 7.18%. The average age of these subjects was 27.11 ± 7.88 years. Fifteen subjects (53.57%) were male, giving a sex ratio of 1.15. Fourteen (50%) had a secondary level of education, 12 (42.86%) were pupils/students, 18 (64.29%) were single. The monthly income of 22 subjects (78.57%) was lower than the guaranteed interprofessional minimum wage (40,000 FCFA). The average duration of progression of symptoms was 15.89 ± 4.97 months. Symptoms occurred less than twice a week in 22 subjects (78.57%). The clinical manifestations were both diurnal and nocturnal in 12 subjects (42.86%). None of the 28 subjects with GERD had clinical warning signs. Asthma, diabetes, consumption of high fat or spice foods, carbonated drinks, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcoholic beverages and tobacco were statistically associated with the occurrence of GERD. Each of the 28 subjects had at least one associated factor. A significant i

关键词： Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Epidemiology General Population Associated Factors Quality of Life Parakou

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Problematic Use of Video Games in Schools in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 120-141页

作者： Ireti Nethania elie Ataigba David Sinet Koivogui Damega Wenkourama Marcos Tohou Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Kara Kara Togo Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kara Kara Togo Facultés des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin

Objective: To study the problematic use of video games among secondary school students in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the commune of Parakou from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of students regularly enrolled in public and private secondary schools in the city of Parakou for the 2022-2023 academic year. A two-stage non-proportional stratified sampling technique combined with simple random sampling was adopted. The Problem Video Game Playing (PVP) scale was used to assess problem gambling in the study population, while anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: A total of 1030 students were included. The mean age of the pupils surveyed was 15.06 ± 2.68 years, with extremes of 10 and 28 years. The [13 - 18] age group was the most represented, with a proportion of 59.6% (614) in the general population. Females predominated, at 52.8% (544), with a sex ratio of 0.89. The prevalence of problematic video game use was 24.9%, measured using the Video Game Playing scale. Associated factors were male gender (p = 0.005), pocket money under 10,000 cfa (p = 0.001) and between 20,000 - 90,000 cfa (p = 0.030), addictive family behavior (p < 0.001), monogamous family (p = 0.023), good relationship with father (p = 0.020), organization of video game competitions (p = 0.001) and definite anxiety (p Conclusion: Substance-free addiction is struggling to attract the attention it deserves, as it did in its infancy everywhere else. This study complements existing data and serves as a reminder of the need to focus on this group of addictions, whose problematic use of video games remains the most frequent due to its accessibility and social tolerance. Preventive action combined with curative measures remains the most effective means of combating the problem at national level.

关键词： Gaming Problem Video Games Benin 2023

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