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Historical relationships of areas of endemism of the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest： a cladistic biogeographic analysis of harvestman taxa （Arachnida： Opiliones）

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 525-535页

作者： Marcio B. DASILVA Ricardo PINTO-DA-ROCHA juan j. MORRONe Departamento de Sistematica e ecologia CCEN Universidade Federal da Paraiba Cidade Universitaria Joao Pessoa PB Brazil Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociencias Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Museo de Zoologia "Alfonso L. Herrera" Departamento de Biologia Evolutiva Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de Mexice (UNAM) 04510 Mexico City Mexico

Based on a cladistic biogeographic analysis of 6 species-level phylogenies of harvestman taxa, wesearched for congruence in the historical relationships of 12 areas of endemism of the BrazilianAtlantic Rain Forest. We constructed general area cladograms using Primary Brooks ParsimonyAnajysis （BPA）, BPA of nodes, and paralogy-free subtree analysis. These analyses resulted in 6general area cladograms, that allow to infer a general pattern of the relationships among areas ofendemism from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest. Northern areas resulted related basally showingmain disjunctions at the Doce River Valley and Todos os Santos Bay/S^o Francisco River *** remaining areas of endemism were included in a southern and a southeastern block, sepa-rated by the Ribeira do Iguape Valley. Incongruence Length Differences tests showed no significantincongruence among the resulting cladograms and other matrix partitions. We concluded that tec-tonism and ancient marine transgressions were the probable processes responsible for the maindisjunctions, whereas Neogene refugia seem to have caused the more recent disjunctions. Thegeneral pattern and redundancy in area relationships suggest a model of main reiterative barriersin diversification at multiple times for the evolution of the Atlantic Rain Forest. The renewal of cla-distic biogeography and the search for common biogeographic patterns are discussed.

关键词： dispersal, historical biogeography, Mata Atlantica, speciation, vicariance.

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Performance Analysis of a Rooftop Hybrid Connected Solar PV System

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energy engineering 2022年第4期119卷 1729-1744页

作者： Hasan Falih Ahmed j.Hamed Abdul Hadi N.Khalifa engineering Technical College Middle Technical UniversityBaghdad10074Iraq

In the present work,a 5-kW hybrid PV solar system was installed on the roof of a house in Diyala,Iraq(33.77°N,45.14°e elevation 44 m).The system consists of two strings,where each string consists of nine polycrystalline PV modules with 355 Wp in series,and the two strings are in *** energy storage system(eSS)consists of two parallel strings,each with four 12 V and 150 Ah tubular deep cycle batteries in series.A hybrid inverter of 5 kW rated power was operated in different *** results showed that May’s monthly energy consumption was about 822.9 and 1085 kWh,*** percentage distribution of the DC energy produced was about 1%system energy losses,27.9%was used to charge the eSS,34.3%was used to feed the grid,and the remaining 37.64%was used to share the *** energy percentage sharing the load was 16.67%from eSS,33.33%from the PV system,and 50%*** average daily reference,array,and final yields were 6.07,4.327,and 3.991 h/day,*** average array and load efficiencies were 12.3%and 92.24%,with the performance ratio at 65.4%.

关键词： Solar energy PV system final yield photovoltaic installations performance ratio hybrid PV system

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Shedding Light on Large-Scale Chromatin Reorganization in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 583-590页

作者： Martijn van Zanten Federico Tessadori Anton j.M. Peeters Paul Fransz Molecular Plant Physiology Institute of Environmental Biology Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne＇-weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany Cardiac Development and Genetics Group Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research Uppsalalaan 8 3584 CT Utrecht The Netherlands Plant ecophysiology Institute of Environmental Biology Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands Nuclear Organization Group Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Kruislaan 318 1098 SM Amsterdam The Netherlands

Plants need to respond quickly and appropriately to various types of light signals from the environment to optimize growth and development. The immediate response to shading, reduced photon flux （low light）, and changes in spectral quality involves changes in gene regulation. In the case of more persistent shade, the plant shows a dramatic change in the organization of chromatin. Both plant responses are controlled via photoreceptor signaling proteins. Re- cently, several studies have revealed similar features of chromatin reorganization in response to various abiotic and biotic signals, while others have unveiled intricate molecular networks of light signaling towards gene regulation. This opinion paper briefly describes the chromatin （de）compaction response from a light-signaling perspective to provide a link be- tween chromatin and the molecular network of photoreceptors and e3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.

关键词： light signaling chromatin compaction molecular network Arabidopsis

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ANALYSIS OF STABILITY CHARACTeRISTICS OF NONLINeAR FLUID STRUCTURe INTeRACTION SYSTeM IN INTeRNAL FLOWS

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第2期13卷 96-105页

作者： Zhang, L.X. Huang, W.H. Li, j.B. Kunming Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Kunming 650051 China

A set of nonlinear partial differential equations was used to describe the motions of an internal flowing system, with the consideration of transient fluid structure interaction (FSI). The stability characteristics of the system were analyzed on the basis of the nonlinear FSI-equation model. The results show that the stability of the nonlinear FSI system become very complicated because of the influence of strongly coupled interaction between flowing liquid and vibrating pipe. The flowing velocity, pressure, the piping stiffness, and constrained conditions, etc. play a very important role in developing procedure of the system stabilization. In an analysis example given in this paper, for example, when the flowing pressure is comparatively small, the system exhibits flutter instability, and when the flowing pressure is increases to a specified value, a subcritical divergence and a supercritical flutter bifurcation take successively place in the same velocity range.

关键词： Bifurcation (mathematics) Differential equations equations of motion Flow interactions Vibrations (mechanical)

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Assessment of Genetic and Immunological Factors Associated with Hepatitis C Infection in Saudi Hemodialysis Patients

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journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第1期2卷 51-57页

作者： Alhusain j. Alzahrani Obeid e. Obeid Amein K. Alali Samir Al-Mueilo Yazeed Al-Sheihk Maaz Ulhasan Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine University of Dammam Dammam KSA Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh KSA Department of General Surgery King Fahad Medical City Riyadh KSA Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine University of Dammam Dammam KSA Department of Microbiology College of Medicine University of Dammam Dammam KSA

The association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been reported in many populations. In addition, the HLA genotype distribution has been found to differ according to ethnicity. Currently, there are no published data concerning this relationship in the Saudi population. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine the relationship between HLA genotype and HCV infection in a group of haemodialysis patients in a tertiary hospital in the eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A total of 152 haemodialysis patients and 160 controls were enrolled in the study. The patient group included 91 males and 61 females with a mean age of 48 years, who had been on haemodialysis for a period of 6 months to five years. The control group was randomly selected from donors attending the blood bank and included 155 males and five females with a mean age of 38 years. Of the patient group, 27 (17.8%) were found to have HCV antibodies by eIA. The seropositivity was confirmed by RIBA and by RT-PCR. The average viral load was 15 × 103 HCV RNA per 10 μl of plasma. The predominant HCV genotype was found to be genotype 4. HLA-class I and HLA class II were screened in 27 HCV-positive patients and in 30 age and sex matched controls by polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific primers (PCR/SSP) method. Measurements of cytokines Interleukin-2, 10, IFN-γ and TNFα showed that IL-2 level was 17.65 - 20.3 pg/l;IFN-γ was 22.15 - 41.1 pg/l;TNF-α was 2.5 - 5.6 pg/mL and IL-10 was 10.7 - 14.8 pg/mL. Measurement of CD markers showed the following: CD3 cells were measured. There was no correlation between infection with HCV and HLA type, cytokines levels and levels of different cell populations. CD markers are similar in the HCV-positive and HCV-negative hemodialysis patients. Further analysis and comparisons are needed, especially between the cytokines and CD markers in the hemodialysis patients and control groups.

关键词： HLA CD Molecules Cytokines HCV Hemodialysis Patients

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Using classification assignment rules to assess land-use change impacts on forest biodiversity at local-to-national scales

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Forest ecosystems 2018年第2期5卷 162-176页

作者： Kathrin Affeld Susan K. Wiser Ian j. Payton Miquel DeCaceres Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research PO Box 69040 Lincoln 7640 New Zealand Lincoln University PO Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 New Zealand Forest Science Centre of Catalonia Ctra. Sant Llorenc km.2 E-25280 Solsona Spain

Background： ecosystem representation is one key component in assessing the biodiversity impacts of land-use changes that will irrevocably alter natural ecosystems. We show how detailed vegetation plot data can be used to assess the potential impact of inundation by a proposed hydroelectricity dam in the Mokihinui gorge, New Zealand, on representation of natural forests. Specifically we ask： 1） How well are the types of forest represented Locally, regionally, and nationally; and 2） How does the number of distinct communities （i.e. beta diversity） in the target catchment compare with other catchments nationally？ Methods： For local and regional comparisons plant species composition was recorded on 45 objectively located 400 m2 vegetation plots established in each of three gorges, with one being the proposed inundation area of the Mokihinui lower gorge. The fuzzy classification framework of noise clustering was used to assign these plots to a specific alliance and association of a pre-existing national-scale classification. NationaLly, we examined the relationship between the number of alliances and associations in a catchment and either catchment size or the number of plots per catchment by fitting Generalised Additive Models. Results： The four alliances and five associations that were observed in the Mokihinui lower gorge arepresent in the region but limited locally. One association was narrowly distributed nationally, but is the mostfrequent association in the Mokihinui lower gorge; inundation may have consequences of national importance to its long-term persistence. That the Mokihinui lower gorge area had nearly twice as many plots that could not be assigned to pre- existing alliances and associations than either the Mokihinui upper or the Karamea lower gorges and proportionally more than the national dataset emphasises the compositional distinctiveness of this gorge. These outlier plots in the Mokihinui lower gorge may be unsorted assemblages of species or reflect

关键词： Beta-diversity Biodiversity conservation environmental impacts ecosystem representation Hydroelectricity dams Land-use change National vegetation classification Noise clustering New Zealand NVS databank Plant community composition

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Robust facial landmark detection and tracking across poses and expressions for in-the-wild monocular video

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第1期3卷 33-47页

作者： Shuang Liu Yongqiang Zhang Xiaosong Yang Daming Shi jian j.Zhang Bournemouth University Harbin Institute of Technology

We present a novel approach for automatically detecting and tracking facial landmarks acrossposesandexpressionsfromin-the-wild monocular video data,e.g.,You Tube videos and smartphone *** method does not require any calibration or manual adjustment for new individual input videos or ***,we propose a method of robust 2D facial landmark detection across poses,by combining shape-face canonical-correlation analysis with a global supervised descent *** 2D regression-based methods are sensitive to unstable initialization,and the temporal and spatial coherence of videos is ignored,we utilize a coarse-todense 3D facial expression reconstruction method to refine the 2D *** one side,we employ an in-the-wild method to extract the coarse reconstruction result and its corresponding texture using the detected sparse facial landmarks,followed by robust pose,expression,and identity *** the other side,to obtain dense reconstruction results,we give a face tracking flow method that corrects coarse reconstruction results and tracks weakly textured areas;this is used to iteratively update the coarse face ***,a dense reconstruction result is estimated after it *** experiments on a variety of video sequences recorded by ourselves or downloaded from You Tube show the results of facial landmark detection and tracking under various lighting conditions,for various head poses and facial *** overall performance and a comparison with state-of-art methods demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our method.

关键词： face tracking facial reconstruction landmark detection

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STUDY OF THe INFLUeNCe OF pH ON THe eLeCTROCRYSTALLIZATION OF ZINC

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2005年第4期18卷 497-504页

作者： Z. Zhang W.H. Leng j. Q. Zhang Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection Institute of Metal Reseach The Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

The influence of pH value of the electrolyte solution on the zinc electroplating process was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry approaches. The results shown that, under this experimental conditions and at high overpotentials, the nucleation of zinc is instantaneous, and the nuclear densities N increase with the overpotentials. While at low potentials, no distinguished nucleation current can be observed. High pH promotes the deposition either by drifting the initial depositing potential positively, or by increasing the depositing current through the change of the total charge of the adsorption process Qads, i.e., thevstructure of electrochemical double layer.

关键词： zinc electroplating nucleation growth mechanism

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Influence of free water availability on a desert carnivore and herbivore

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 121-129页

作者： Bryan M. KLUeVeR eric M. GeSe Steven j. DeMPSeY Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA

Anthropogenic manipulation of finite resources on the landscape to benefit individual species or communities is commonly employed by conservation and management agencies. One such action in arid regions is the construction and maintenance of water developments (i.e., wildlife guzzlers) adding free water on the landscape to buttress local populations, influence animal movements, or affect distributions of certain species of interest. Despite their prevalence, the utility of wildlife guzzlers remains largely untested. We employed a before-after control-impact (BACI) design over a 4-year period on the US Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, USA, to determine whether water availability at wildlife guzzlers influenced relative abundance of black-tailed jackrabbits and relative use of areas near that resource by coyotes , and whether coyote visitations to guzzlers would decrease following elimination of water. eliminating water availability at guzzlers did not influence jackrabbit relative abundance. Coyote relative use was impacted by water availability, with elimination of water reducing use in areas associated with our treatment, but not with areas associated with our control. Visitations of radio-collared coyotes to guzzlers declined nearly 3-fold following elimination of water. Our study provides the first evidence of a potential direct effect of water sources on a mammalian carnivore in an arid environment, but the ecological relevance of our finding is debatable. Future investigations aimed at determining water effects on terrestrial mammals could expand on our findings by incorporating manipulations of water availability, obtaining absolute estimates of population parameters and vital rates and incorporating fine-scale spatiotemporal data.

关键词： Canis latrans Lepus californicus. arid black-tailed jackrabbit coyote

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乳腺MRI术前评价:利用倾向评分对浸润性小叶癌病人术后预后的评估

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第4期 477-478页

作者： S.M.Ha e.Y.Chae j.H.Cha H.H.Kim H.j.Shin W.j.Choi 李彦橙 Department of Radiology Research Institute of RadiologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine

目的利用倾向评分匹配法探讨乳腺浸润性小叶癌(ILC)病人术前乳腺MR成像与手术预后的关系,以确定MRI检查是否对乳腺癌ILC亚型有益。材料与方法 2005年1月—2016年12月期间接受手术的603例ILC病人,其中369例(61.2%)行乳腺MRI检查。本研究... 详细信息

目的利用倾向评分匹配法探讨乳腺浸润性小叶癌(ILC)病人术前乳腺MR成像与手术预后的关系,以确定MRI检查是否对乳腺癌ILC亚型有益。材料与方法 2005年1月—2016年12月期间接受手术的603例ILC病人,其中369例(61.2%)行乳腺MRI检查。本研究对MRI发现但乳腺钼靶和超声检查中未发现的病变进行统计,并分析术中因疾病情况作出的改变。在倾向评分匹配后,将196例病人分成MR组和非MR组,并平衡两组间与病人、肿瘤特征以及各种临床特征有关的17个可能的混杂变量。比较2组手术结果。结果 369例接受MRI检查的病人中,145例(39.3%)发现其他病变,这145例病人中有95例(65.5%)发现恶性病变。在369例病人中有94例(25.5%)因MRI检查结果而改变手术方式。根据病理结果显示,这94例病人中84例(89.4%)手术方式的变更是合理的。在倾向评分匹配分析中,与未进行乳腺MR成像病人相比,乳腺MRI检查与较低重复手术率相关(比值比,0.140;P<0.001)、初始乳腺切除术(比值比,0.876;P=0.528)和最终乳腺切除术(优势比,0.744;P=0.151)相关。结论 ILC病人术前乳腺MRI检查提高了乳腺恶性肿瘤的检出,在不增加乳腺切除率的同时可以显著降低重复手术的可能性。

关键词： MRI 浸润性小叶癌

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