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The impact of the Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)Program on child nutrition outcomes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 444-456页

作者： Dian Chen Xiangming Fang Yu Chen Xiaodong Zheng Zhuo Chen Rodney B.w.smith Academy of Global Food economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Public Health Georgia State UniversityAtlanta 30303USA School of economics Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China College of Public Health University of GeorgiaAthens 30602USA Department of Applied economics University of MinnesotaSaint Paul 55108USA

The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural *** the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition *** China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous *** exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition *** results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of ***,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage *** analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition *** also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor *** findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.

关键词： Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee nutrition height-to-age z-scores stunting rural China

Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan Cai Gerrit e.w.Bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .wPI-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

we report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow of magnons in magnetic films when the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. while there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, we predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower white River, Arkansas

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ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph e.Kaiser Shannon C.F.smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower white River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P e post-carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower white

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

A new view of the local Universe

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 167-168页

作者： Lister Staveley-smith International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research(ICRAR) University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia ARC Centre of excellence for All Sky Astrophysics(ASTRO 3D) Crawley WA 6009Australia

The distribution and kinematics of gas in and around dark matter halos, the formation of stellar populations from the gravitational collapse of gas clouds, and the interaction of stars and their remnants with interste... 详细信息

关键词： galaxies stars galactic

Thermodynamic analysis of metal segregation in dual phase high entropy ceramics

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 889-895页

作者： Steven M.smith II william G.Fahrenholtz Gregory e.Hilmas Stefano Curtarolo Missouri University of Science and Technology Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentRollaMO65409USA Duke University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDurhamNC27708USA Duke University Center of Autonomous Materials DesignDurhamNC27708USA

equilibrium Gibbs'free energy calculations were used to determine metal segregation trends between boride and carbide solid solutions containing two metals that are relevant to dual phase high entropy *** model predicted that Ti had the strongest tendency to segregate to the boride phase followed by Zr,Nb,Mo,V,Hf,and Ta,which matches experimental results of measured *** ratio of a metal in the carbide phase to the content of the same metal in the corresponding metal boride had a linear trend with the change in standard Gibbs'free energy of reaction for a metal carbide reacting with B_(4)C to produce its corresponding metal boride and *** proposed model was used to predict the changes in standard Gibbs'free energy for CrC→CrB_(2) to be−260 kJ and wC→wB_(2) to be 148 kJ,which indicates that Cr has the strongest segregation to the boride and w has the strongest segregation to the *** proposed model can be used to estimate the segregation of metals in dual phase high entropy boride-carbide ceramics of any boride/carbide ratio or metal content.

关键词： Dual phase High entropy ceramic Boride Carbide Thermodynamics

Facile synthesis of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian T.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail e.smith Jian Ye Zachary D.Schultz Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SeRS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SeRS signals remains challenging due to the potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SeRS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synthesize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBT)as a reporter molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which the nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit the highest SeRS *** advantage of our method is the ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBT and quick synthesis without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for the purification of core *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SeRS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineering surface enhanced Raman scattering intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

用连续波激光全息摄影求解大型结构三维位移的简捷方法

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中国激光 1983年第Z1期 641-641页

作者：谭玉山 e.w.smith 西安交通大学机械系新西兰Massey 大学

为了对大型或复杂的物体进行测量,至少需要两张甚至三张全息干板布置在相对于物体的适当位置上。本文提出了一种专门的全息光路系统,可使实验装置的布置工作量减少,并使光路系统的稳定性提高。对一台实际的铣床(高1.6m,宽1.1m)在机械加... 详细信息

为了对大型或复杂的物体进行测量,至少需要两张甚至三张全息干板布置在相对于物体的适当位置上。本文提出了一种专门的全息光路系统,可使实验装置的布置工作量减少,并使光路系统的稳定性提高。对一台实际的铣床(高1.6m,宽1.1m)在机械加工车间的普通地面上用连续波激光器成功地拍摄了全息照相。从几何学观点推导了一组实用化的定量分析方程组。分析工作是基于以照明光源为原点的物体外形直线坐标值和三张干板观测点的坐标值。把物体测点的坐标、相邻测点的距离、

关键词：三维位移散斑照相全息摄影摄影技术

利用同时光纤分布式声传感和垂直检波器的面波频谱分析

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世界地震译丛 2019年第6期50卷 573-586页

作者： R.D.Costley G.Galan-Comas C.K.Kirkendall J.e.Simms K.K.Hathaway M.w.Parker S.A.Ketcham e.w.smith w.R.Folks T.w.Milburn H.M.wadman 李帛珊(译) 吕春来(校) 不详新疆维吾尔自治区地震局中国地震局地球物理研究所

利用光纤分布式声传感对安装在地面的垂直检波器的响应进行了对比实验。分布式声传感由安装在光纤上的光学询问器组成。光纤是光缆的一部分,安装在0.3~0.76m深的沿海松散沙地环境中。用两个系统同时记录冲击锤产生的地震信号,并直接进... 详细信息

利用光纤分布式声传感对安装在地面的垂直检波器的响应进行了对比实验。分布式声传感由安装在光纤上的光学询问器组成。光纤是光缆的一部分,安装在0.3~0.76m深的沿海松散沙地环境中。用两个系统同时记录冲击锤产生的地震信号,并直接进行比较。在震源和光纤电缆之间进行两种不同排布方式,即垂射和端射的实验。利用面波频谱分析法,对在两种排布方式用两种传感器系统记录的地震信号进行相同处理。所得结果说明了分布式声传感用于近地表地震测量的适用性和局限性。

关键词：光纤分布式频谱分析法声传感检波器面波垂直传感器系统对比实验

Harnessing endothelial cells and vascularization strategies for nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2337-2338页

作者： Papon Muangsanit Poppy smith Virology and Cell Technology Research Team National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)PathumthaniThailand UCL Centre for Nerve engineering UCLLondonUK Department of Pharmacology UCL School of PharmacyUCLLondonUK

Peripheral nerves are essential components of the human body’s communication system,transmitting signals between the central nervous system and various body *** resulting from trauma or disease can result in debilitating sensory and motor *** injuries,particularly those resulting in significant gaps in the nerve tissue,pose a formidable challenge for clinicians and *** their limitations,including limited availability and donor site morbidity,nerve autografts remain the clinical gold standard for treating nerve injuries.

关键词： injuries nerves donor