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Characteristic evaluation on spray-deposited WFTO thin films as a function of W doping ratio

Rare Metals 2014年第4期33卷 433-441页

作者： G.Turgut e.F.Keskenler S.Aydin D.Tatar e.sonmez S.Dogan B.Duzgun Department of Physics education Kazim Karabekir Education FacultyAtatürk University Department of Nanotechnology Faculty of EngineeringRecep Tayyip Erdogan University Department of electrical and electronics engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureBalikesir University

Abstract In this work, F and F ＋ W simultaneously doped SnO2 highly transparent conducting thin films were depos- ited on glass substrates at （500 4± 5） ℃ temperature by the spray pyrolysis method. Microstructural, morphological, electrical and optical properties of FrO films were investi- gated as a function of tungsten （W） doping, in the range from 0 to 5 at%. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the films exhibit a tetragonal cassiterite structure and （200） preferen- tial orientation of FTO film, and the relative strength of these peaks changes with altering the W doping ratio. The pre- ferred growth of （211） changed to （200） plane with 2 at% W doping level and 3 at% W-doped film had （200） orientation and with further doping, this changed to （110） orientation. The scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images of the films indicate that the films are made up of dense small particles of a pyramidal shape and have a smooth surface. It was observed that the surface morphology of the films did not change much when the W element was inserted to the FrO structure. It was found that the sheet resistance values of the films varied with W doping ratio, and 2 at% W-doped FTO thin film exhibited the lowest values of sheet resistance （1.12Ω）. Also, the highest figure of merit, infrared reflectivity and optical band gap values werecalculated for 2 at% W-doped FTO film as 50.9× 10-2 Ω-1, 98.82 % and 4.13 eV, respectively. These results make the films an effective candidate for usage in many optoelectronic applications and photo-thermal conversion of solar energy.

关键词： WFTO FrO Spray pyrolysis Thin films Lattices

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Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol M.N.Saridede S.S.Kaplan M.S.sonmez Department of Metallurgical and Materials engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Chemical engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Department of Metallurgical and Materials engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(eu),and remaining rare earth elements(Rees)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(Gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(Rees) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

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Automated evaluation of parapapillary choroidal microvasculature in crowded optic discs:a controlled,optical coherence tomography angiography study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2024年第1期17卷 113-118页

作者： Hatice Arda Hidayet Sener Ozge Temizyurek Hatice Kubra sonmez Duygu Gulmez Sevim Cem evereklioglu Fatih Horozoglu Ayse Busra Gunay Sener Department of Ophthalmology Erciyes University Medical FacultyKayseri 38090Turkey Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Erciyes University Medical FacultyKayseri 38090Turkey

AIM:To compare superficial and deep vascular properties of optic discs between crowded discs and controls using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A).MeTHODS:Thirty patients with crowded discs,and 47 control subjects were enrolled in the *** eye of each individual was included and OCT-A scans of optic discs were obtained in a 4.5×4.5 mm^(2) rectangular *** peripapillary capillary(RPC)density,peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)thickness,cup volume,rim area,disc area,cup-to-disc(c/d)area ratio,and vertical c/d ratio were obtained automatically using device *** parapapillary choroidal microvasculature(PPCMv)density was calculated using MATLAB *** the vertical c/d ratio of the optic disc was absent or small cup,it was considered as a crowded ***:The mean signal strength index of OCT-A images was similar between the crowded discs and control eyes(P=0.740).There was no difference in pRNFL between the two groups(P=0.102).There were no differences in RPC density in whole image(P=0.826)and peripapillary region(P=0.923),but inside disc RPC density was higher in crowded optic discs(P=0.003).The PPCMv density in the inner-hemisuperior region was also lower in crowded discs(P=0.026).The pRNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary RPC density(r=0.498,Pe inside disc RPC density was negatively correlated with c/d area ratio(r=-0.341,P=0.002).CONCLUSION:The higher inside disc RPC density and lower inner-hemisuperior PPCMv density are found in eyes with crowded optic discs.

关键词： crowded optic disc ischemic optic neuropathy optical coherence tomography angiography parapapillary choroidal microvasculature

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Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe e.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SANRI KARAPINAR Zehra N.KUTLU İsmail e.KILIÇ Department of Civil engineering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of engineering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry *** this context,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemented on an old masonry building stock in the historical center Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built *** scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distances to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building ***,damage distributions estimated under nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss changes in vulnerability owing to amplification *** this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importance of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was *** proposed framework integrating field data and local site effects is believed to advance the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPeRSURFACeS IN LIe SPHeRe GeOMeTRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： Thomas e.CeCIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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Investigating the impact of the universal function of the nuclear proximity potential in heavy-ion fusion cross sections

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 86-93页

作者： R Gharaei e Sarvari Department of Physics Sciences FacultyHakim Sabzevari UniversityPO Box 397SabzevarIran Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of MashhadPO Box 91775-1436MashhadIran Science Faculty Department of PhysicsTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

The fusion barriers and cross sections of 15 colliding systems with 320≤Z_(1)Z_(2)≤1512 are investigated in detail to understand the influence of the universal function of proximity potential formalism in the heavy-ion fusion *** realize this goal,we select three versions of the phenomenological proximity potentials,including Prox.77,Zhang 2013,and Guo 2013,to calculate the nucleus-nucleus *** experimental fusion cross sections for the selected reactions are analyzed using the standard coupled-channel calculations,including couplings to the low-lying 2^(+)and 3^(-)states in the target and *** calculated results show that the universal functions of the Guo 2013 and Prox.77 models provide the lowest and highest fusion barriers,*** addition,it is found that the height of the fusion barriers is enhanced by increasing the mass number of the projectile from light to heavy *** highest sensitivity to the mass number of the projectile belongs to the results of Prox.77.A discussion is also presented on the influence of the universal function on the radial behavior of the interaction potential in the allowed region for overlapping *** results reveal that the best fit to the experimental data of the fusion cross sections for the reactions involving light and medium nuclei is obtained using the universal function of the Zhang 2013 *** the heavier systems,the results of the Guo 2013 model at sub-barrier energies provide a good description of the available data.

关键词： fusion reactions proximity-type potentials universal function coupled-channel calculations

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Are hydrides under high-pressure-high-temperature superconductors?

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 9-12页

作者： J.e.Hirsch Department of Physics University of California

Contrary to the current consensus, I argue that the existing evidence for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure is not compelling. I suggest that the focus of the field should urgently shift to establish unequivocally experimentally whether or not superconductivity in pressurized hydrides exists, instead of continuing to search for new materials that might show elusive signals of unproven superconductivity at ever higher temperatures. The implications of a negative finding for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity are discussed.

关键词： Hydrides

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FSCIL-eACA: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning Network Based on embedding Augmentation and Classifier Adaptation for Image Classification

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2024年第1期33卷 139-152页

作者： Ruru ZHANG Haihong e Meina SONG School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications education Department Information Network engineering Research Center Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The ability to learn incrementally is critical to the long-term operation of AI systems. Benefiting from the power of few-shot class-incremental learning(FSCIL), deep learning models can continuously recognize new classes with only a few samples. The difficulty is that limited instances of new classes will lead to overfitting and exacerbate the catastrophic forgetting of the old classes. Most previous works alleviate the above problems by imposing strong constraints on the model structure or parameters, but ignoring embedding network transferability and classifier adaptation(CA), failing to guarantee the efficient utilization of visual features and establishing relationships between old and new classes. In this paper, we propose a simple and novel approach from two perspectives: embedding bias and classifier bias. The method learns an embedding augmented(eA) network with cross-class transfer and class-specific discriminative abilities based on self-supervised learning and modulated attention to alleviate embedding bias. Based on the adaptive incremental classifier learning scheme to realize incremental learning capability,guiding the adaptive update of prototypes and feature embeddings to alleviate classifier bias. We conduct extensive experiments on two popular natural image datasets and two medical datasets. The experiments show that our method is significantly better than the baseline and achieves state-of-the-art results.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Visualization Image recognition Prototypes Self-supervised learning Power capacitors

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The effect of the concentration of plastic waste on the formation of reaction products of the Ti–PeT system

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Green Chemical engineering 2024年第3期5卷 374-382页

作者： Aleksey e.Matveev Tomsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The paper presents research results of the synthesis, phase composition, and structure of products obtained by highly exothermic reactions between Ti and C10H8O4mixture components, depending on the plastic waste concentration and Ti powder dispersiveness, density of initial samples, and synthesis medium. The dependence of the phase composition and structure of the synthesis products on the concentration of the polymer（plastic）component in the initial Ti-PeT(C10H8O4) system was found. When the plastic waste content is 20 wt% to 25 wt%, synthesis products contain TiC0.5O0.5–TiC0.6–0.75particle agglomerates. Further growth in the polyethylene terephthalate content from 30 wt% to 45 wt% leads to the formation of synthesis products consisting of titanium carbide(TiC0.6–1.0). The gaseous byproduct composition of the exothermic reaction is investigated for the Ti–-C10H8O4mixture composition. It is found that the gaseous by-product mostly contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide as well as impurities of different hydrocarbons（methane, acetylene, ethane, ethene） and carbon dioxide. The maximum adiabatic temperature of the gas combustion temperature is 2080℃, which demonstrates the possibility of using gas as a fuel for energy generation devices. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to create a basis for a new plastic waste technology to fabricate carbide-containing materials.

关键词： Plastic waste Titanium carbide Green technology Hydrogen synthesis

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event-triggered H_(∞) consensus control for input-constrained multi-agent systems via reinforcement learning

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 25-38页

作者： Jinxuan Zhang Chang-e Ren College of Information engineering Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100089China

This article presents an event-triggered H_(∞) consensus control scheme using reinforcement learning (RL) for nonlinear second-order multi-agent systems (MASs) with control constraints. First, considering control constraints, the constrained H_(∞) consensus problem is transformed into a multi-player zero-sum game with non-quadratic performance functions. Then, an event-triggered control method is presented to conserve communication resources and a new triggering condition is developed for each agent to make the triggering threshold independent of the disturbance attenuation level. To derive the optimal controller that can minimize the cost function in the case of worst disturbance, a constrained Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation is defined. Since it is difficult to solve analytically due to its strongly non-linearity, reinforcement learning (RL) is implemented to obtain the optimal controller. In specific, the optimal performance function and the worst-case disturbance are approximated by a time-triggered critic network;meanwhile, the optimal controller is approximated by event-triggered actor network. After that, Lyapunov analysis is utilized to prove the uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) stability of the system and that the network weight errors are UUB. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy provided.

关键词： H_(∞)optimal control Input constrains Multi-agent systems(MASs) Reinforcement learning(RL)

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