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Silver removal from molten lead through zinc powder injection

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第2期24卷 544-552页

作者： V.H.GUTIéRReZ-PéReZ A.CRUZ-RAMíReZ M.VARGAS-RAMíReZ e.palacios-beas R.G.SáNCHeZ-ALVARADO eSIQIe Instituto Politécnico NacionalUPALM 07738 México D.F. México CIIM-UAeH Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5 42084 PachucaHgo. México

A silver removal process was carried out on a Pb-Ag alloy through zinc powder injection of three different sizes （3.55, 44.4 and 734.8μm） with a top submerged lance using nitrogen as carrying gas. The higher silver removal was obtained for the zinc powder size of 44.4μm, while the lowest silver removal efficiency was attained for the smaller particle size. The AgZn phase was detected in the slag for the 44.4 and 734.8μm particle sizes by XRD, which was in agreement with SeM-eDS analysis. experimental behavior was explained according to the melting and residence time of the injected particles.

关键词： lead silver particle size powder injection residence time desilvering ratio

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Identification of host miRNAs that may limit human rhinovirus replication

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2014年第4期5卷 437-456页

作者： Victor Paky Bondanese Ana Francisco-Garcia Nicole Bedke Donna e Davies Tilman Sanchez-elsner LGL Lab Ex LIO ENS Lyon Site Monod 69364 Lyon France Academic Unit of Clinical and experimental Sciences University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Immunocore Limited Milton Park Abingdon Oxon OX14 4RY United Kingdom

AIM: To test whether the replication of human rhinovirus(HRV) is regulated by micro RNAs in human bronchial epithelial ***: For the present study, the human cell line beas-2B(derived from normal human bronchial epithelial cells) was adopted. DICeR knock-down, by si RNA transfection in beas-2B cells, was performed in order to inhibit micro RNA maturation globally. Alternatively, antisense oligonucleotides(anti-mi Rs) were transfectedto inhibit the activity of specific micro RNAs. Cells were infected with HRV-1B. Viral replication was assessed by measuring the genomic viral RNA by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR). Association between micro RNA-induced-silencing-complex and viral RNA was detected by Ago2 co-immunoprecipitation followed by RT-q PCR. Targetscan v.6 was used to predict micro RNA target sites on several HRV ***: Here, we show that micro RNAs affect replication of HRV-1B. DICeR knock-down significantly reduced the expression of mature micro RNAs in a bronchial epithelial cell line(beas-2B) and in turn, increased the synthesis of HRV-1B RNA. Additionally, HRV-1B RNA co-immunoprecipitated with argonaute 2 protein, an important effector for micro RNA activity suggesting that micro RNAs bind to viral RNA during infection. In order to identify specific micro RNAs involved in this interaction, we employed bioinformatics analysis, and selected a group of micro RNAs that have been reported to be under-expressed in asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells and were predicted to target different strains of rhinoviruses(HRV-1B,-16,-14,-27). Our results suggest that, out of this group of micro RNAs, mi R-128 and mi R-155 contribute to the innate defense against HRV-1B: transfection of specific anti-mi Rs increased viral replication, as anticipated ***: Taken together, our results suggest that pathological changes in micro RNA expression, as already reported for asthma or chronic obstructive pulmona

关键词： Human Rhinovirus Micro RNAs Mi R-155 Si RNA Lentiviral transduction Antiviral innate immunity

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