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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák Ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of economics(HSe) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

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epidemiologic investigation of pediatric distal humerus fractures: An American insurance claims database study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 52-60页

作者： Kyle Jay Klahs Jake e Dertinger Grant T Mello Kevin Thapa Alexis B Sandler e'Stephan J Jesus Garcia Nata Parnes Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences-El PasoEl PasoTX 79905United States Medical School California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCA 93611United States Undergraduate School Binghampton UniversityVestalNY 13902United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

BACKGROUND Distal humerus elbow fractures are one of the most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric patients and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(Me)*** To evaluate the epidemiology of pediatric distal humerus fractures(SC,LC,and Me)from an American insurance claims *** A retrospective review was performed on patients 17 years and younger with the ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and Me fractures based on the IBM Truven MarketScan®Commercial and IBM Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental *** from 2015 to 2020 were queried for treatments,patient age,sex,length of hospitalization,and *** A total of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 Me fractures were *** fractures had the highest percentage of operation at 83%,followed by LC(78%)and Me fractures(41%).Male patients were,on average,older than female patients for both SC and Me *** In the insurance claims databases used,SC fractures were the most reported,followed by LC fractures,and finally Me *** was identified to be a factor for how a pediatric distal humerus fractures,with patients with SC and LC fractures being younger than those with Me *** peak age per injury per sex was similar to reported historic central tendencies,despite reported trends for younger physiologic development.

关键词： Supracondylar humerus fracture Lateral condyle fracture Medial epicondyle fracture Pediatric elbow Truven epidemiology

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Using proteomics to compare the molecular structures of sulfide and permeate-depilated sheepskins

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Collagen and Leather 2024年第1期6卷 70-84页

作者： Yi-Hsuan Tu Trevor S.Loo Mark L.Patchett Gillian e.Norris School of Natural Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

An environmentally friendly method using real or artificial bovine milk permeate to both depilate and preserve sheepskins has been reported which completely and cleanly removed the wool from the hair follicle and had no detrimental effects on the skin.A proteomic analysis,assessing the relative abundance of proteins in matched permeate-depilated and chemically depilated(sulfide)sheepskins,showed variations in the levels of specific collagen types in the skin's basement membrane and other proteins associated with the *** findings were corroborated by biochemical analyses of matched permeate depilated and raw skin samples,and provide clues to the mechanism of non-invasiveand complete *** also support the observation that permeate-depilated skins were smoother than their sulfide-depilated counterparts and resulted in leather with a superior surface.

关键词： Collagen Collagen crosslinks Glycosaminoglycan Proteomics Relative abundance

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Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors in neurological diseases:clinical applications based on preclinical findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 16-21页

作者： Marika Alborghetti edoardo Bianchini Lanfranco De Carolis Silvia Galli Francesco e.Pontieri Domiziana Rinaldi Neurology Unit NESMOS DepartmentFaculty of Medicine&PsychologySapienza-University of RomeSant’Andrea University HospitalRomeItaly Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology IRCCS-Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly

Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's *** drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the *** is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and *** studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic ***,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from *** to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now *** potential fields of application concern epilepsy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain *** purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.

关键词： glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) glutamate neurological disorders neuroprotection Parkinson's disease preclinical studies rasagiline safinamide selegiline type-B monoamine oxidase(MAO_(B))inhibitors

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Magneto-Photo-Thermoelastic excitation Rotating Semiconductor Medium Based on Moisture Diffusivity

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 107-126页

作者： Khaled Lotfy A.M.S.Mahdy Alaa A.el-Bary e.S.elidy Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityMadinah42353Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif11099Saudi Arabia Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt

In this research,we focus on the free-surface deformation of a one-dimensional elastic semiconductor medium as a function of magnetic field and moisture *** problem aims to analyze the interconnection between plasma and moisture diffusivity processes,as well as thermo-elastic *** study examines the photothermoelasticity transport process while considering the impact of moisture *** employing Laplace’s transformation technique,we derive the governing equations of the photo-thermo-elastic *** equations include the equations for carrier density,elastic waves,moisture transport,heat conduction,and constitutive *** stresses,thermal conditions,and plasma boundary conditions are used to calculate the fundamental physical parameters in the Laplace *** employing numerical techniques,the Laplace transform is inverted to get complete time-domain solutions for the primary physical domains under ***,thermoelastic,and thermoelectric characteristics are employed in conjunction with a graphical analysis that takes into consideration the effects of applied forces on displacement,moisture concentration,carrier density,stress due to forces,and temperature distribution.

关键词： Moisture diffusivity semiconductor photothermoelastic rotation thermomechanical waves laplace transform

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Suspect and non-targeted screening of chemical pollutants in Botswana's aquatic environments

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emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 363-373页

作者： Kgato P.Selwe Charlotte R.Head Gothatamang N.Phokedi Jens e.T.Andersen J.Brett Sallach Caroline e.H.Dessent Department of Chemistry University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of environment and Geography University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyBotswana

Chemical pollution in the aquatic systems of Botswana has been sparsely studied despite its potential ecological ***,we perform a study of water samples collected from 13 locations distributed across Botswana to obtain the first overview of the nature and distribution of chemical contaminants across the country's aquatic *** resolution mass spectrometry was applied using nontargeted and suspect screening methods to qualitatively analyse samples.A total of 114 contaminants of emerging concern(CeCs)were identified including 68(59.6%)pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical metabolites;16(14.2%)pesticides;13(11.4%)psychoactive compounds and metabolites;11(9.7%)industrial chemicals and intermediates and lastly,5(4.4%)personal care ***,3,4-dimethylmethcathinone,and diazolidinyl urea represented the most commonly detected pharmaceutical,psychoactive drug and personal care product,*** pesticide dodemorph and three industrial chemicals(stearamide,pthalic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)were detected in all samples obtained.90 CeCs were detected in receiving water(from 7 sample locations),75 in wastewater(from 3 sample locations)and 60 in surface water(from 9 sample locations).Of the compounds detected,only 8 had been identified in environmental samples acquired in Botswana *** discuss the variations in the nature and frequency of chemical pollutants detected in this work in a geographical *** results indicate that Botswana's aquatic systems are subject to pollution,despite wastewater treatment and that in order to mitigate potentially harmful effects on both human and aquatic ecosystems,more investigations are required to correctly identify,track and tackle the sources of pollution.

关键词： emerging contaminants Chemical pollution Water analysis Pharmaceuticals LC-HRMS/MS

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Three-dimensional magnetization reconstruction from electron optical phase images with physical constraints

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 122-132页

作者： Boyao Lyu Shihua Zhao Yibo Zhang Weiwei Wang Fengshan Zheng Rafal e.Dunin-Borkowski Jiadong Zang Haifeng Du Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-energy Quantum Materials and Devices High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Science Island Branch Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA Department of Physics The City College of New YorkNew York 10031USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew York 10016USA Department of Chemistry University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Spin-X Institute Center for Electron MicroscopySchool of Physics and OptoelectronicsState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with electrons Forschungszentrum JülichJülich 52425Germany

The ability to characterize three-dimensional(3D)magnetization distributions in nanoscale magnetic materials and devices is essential to fully understand their static and dynamic magnetic *** contrast techniques in the transmission electron microscope(TeM),such as electron holography and electron ptychography,can be used to record two-dimensional(2D)projections of the in-plane magnetic induction of 3D nanoscale *** the 3D magnetic induction can in principle be reconstructed from one or more tilt series of such 2D projections,conventional tomographic reconstruction algorithms do not recover the 3D magnetization within a sample ***,we use simulations to describe the basis of an improved model-based algorithm for the tomographic reconstruction of a 3D magnetization distribution from one or more tilt series of electron optical phase images recorded in the *** algorithm allows a wide range of physical constraints,including a priori information about the sample geometry and magnetic parameters,to be *** also makes use of minimization of the micromagnetic energy in the loss *** demonstrate the reconstruction of the 3D magnetization of a localized magnetic soliton—a hopfion ring—and discuss the influence of noise,choice of magnetic constants,maximum tilt angle and number of tilt axes on the *** algorithm can in principle be adapted for other magnetic contrast imaging techniques in the TeM,as well as for other magnetic characterization techniques,such as those based on X-rays or neutrons.

关键词： three-dimensional magnetization vector field tomography differentiable programming electron holography micromagnetism

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Paleoclimatic application of spectral parameters to the eolian red clay of the Jianzha Basin,northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1952-1966页

作者： Chaofeng FU Ju’e TIAN Xinwen XU Yougui SONG Jun ZUO Feng WANG Lin CHeN Pengfei LI Xiaoke QIANG The School of earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth and EnvironmentCASXi’an 710061China College of Urban and environmental Science Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China CAS Center for excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and *** measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,with the aim of developing a rapid methodology for detecting paleoclimatic *** obtained visible/near-infrared(VNIR)and short-wave infrared(SWIR)spectroscopy data from the red clay in the Jianzha Basin,and analyzed their relationship with independent paleoclimatic records,including mineral contents and environmental magnetic *** results show that the VNIR parameters,including D500,D900,R500,and R900(where D and R represent the depth and reflectance of the absorption peaks around 500 and 900 nm,respectively)are temperature-sensitive and correlated with the magnetic susceptibility,frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility,and the marine δ^(18)O *** results of frequency-domain analysis of the VNIR parameters show that they reflect climate change on orbital *** parameters,such as AS1400,D1400/D1900 and D1900(where AS represents the asymmetry of the absorption peaks around1400 nm),are correlated with the illite and montmorillonite content,and they are sensitive to the weathering *** spectral parameters of the eolian red clay in the Jianzha Basin reflect regional climatic changes caused by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau at~8.5 Ma and global climatic cooling at~7.2 Ma,and thus they are applicable as both regional and global paleoenvironmental indicators.

关键词： Visible/near-infrared spectroscopy Short-wave infrared spectroscopy Paleoclimatic indicators Red clay Tibetan Plateau

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Analysis of cancer-specific survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A evidence-based medicine study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1791-1802页

作者： Yin-Jie Zhou Zhi-e Tan Wei-Da Zhuang Xin-Hua Xu Department of Oncology The First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges University&Yichang Central People's HospitalYichang 443000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Nuclear Medicine The First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges University&Yichang Central People's HospitalYichang 443000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Athe and Intestinal Surgery Cancer Hospital of The Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021China

BACKGROUND Metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)is a common malignancy whose treatment has been a clinical ***-specific survival(CSS)plays a crucial role in assessing patient prognosis and treatment ***,there is still li-mited research on the factors affecting CSS in mCRC patients and their *** To predict CSS,we developed a new nomogram model and risk grading system to classify risk levels in patients with *** Data were extracted from the United States Surveillance,epidemiology,and end Results database from 2018 to *** eligible patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation *** Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the independent risk factors for CSS.A new nomogram model was developed to predict CSS and was evaluated through internal and external *** A multivariate Cox proportional risk model was used to identify independent risk factors for ***,new CSS columns were developed based on these *** consistency index(C-index)of the histogram was 0.718(95%CI:0.712-0.725),and that of the validation cohort was 0.722(95%CI:0.711-0.732),indicating good discrimination ability and better performance than tumor-node-metastasis staging(C-index:0.712-0.732).For the training set,0.533,95%CI:0.525-0.540;for the verification set,0.524,95%CI:*** calibration map and clinical decision curve showed good agreement and good potential clinical *** risk grading system divided all patients into three groups,and the Kaplan-Meier curve showed good stratification and differentiation of CSS between different *** median CSS times in the low-risk,medium-risk,and high-risk groups were 36 months(95%CI:34.987-37.013),18 months(95%CI:17.273-18.727),and 5 months(95%CI:4.503-5.497),*** Our study developed a new nomogram model to predict CSS in patients with synchronous *** addition,the risk-grading system helps to accurately ass

关键词： Colorectal tumor Surveillance epidemiology and end results database Nomogram analysis Survival prognosis Retrospective study

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expression changes of mi RNA-regulated genes associated with the formation of the leafy head in cabbage

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 1007-1019页

作者： Jorge Aleman-Baez Jose Fernando Acevedo-Zamora Johan Bucher Chengcheng Cai Roeland e.Voorrips Guusje Bonnema Plant Breeding Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands

The vegetative development of cabbage(Brassica oleracea ***)passes through seedling,rosette,folding and heading *** that form the rosette are large and mostly *** the following developmental stages,the plants produce leaves that curve inward to produce the leafy *** microRNAs and their target genes have been described participating in leaf development and leaf *** aim of this study is to investigate the role of miRNA-regulated genes in the transition from the rosette to the heading *** compared the mi RNA and gene abundances between emerging rosette and heading *** remove transcripts(miRNAs and genes)whose regulation was most likely associated with plant age rather than the change from rosette to heading stage,we utilized a non-heading collard green(*** ***)morphotype as *** resulted in 33 DeMs and 1998 DeGs with likely roles in the transition from rosette to heading stage in *** these 1998 DeGs,we found enriched GO terms related to DNA-binding transcription factor activity,transcription regulator activity,iron ion binding,and *** predicted the target genes of these 33 DeMs and focused on the subset that was differentially expressed(1998DeGs)between rosette and heading stage leaves to construct mi RNA-target gene interaction *** main finding is a role for miR396b-5p targeting two Arabidopsis thaliana orthologues of GROWTH ReGULATING FACTORs 3(GRF3)and 4(GRF4)in pointed cabbage head formation.

关键词： Brassica oleracea var.capitata RNA sequencing miRNA-target gene network leafy head formation

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