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VIeWING URBAN DISRUPTIONS FROm A DeCISION INFORmATICS PeRSPeCTIVe

Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2005年第3期14卷 257-288页

作者： James m. TIeN Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USA

Urban infrastructures are the focus of terrorist acts because, quite simply, they produce the most visible impact, if not casualties. While terrorist acts are the most insidious and onerous of all disruptions, it is obvious that there are many similarities to the way one should deal with these willful acts and those caused by natural and accidental incidents that have also resulted in adverse and severe consequences. However, there is one major and critical difference between terrorist acts and the other types of disruptions： the terrorist acts are willful - and therefore also adaptive, if not coordinated. One must counter these acts with the same, if not more sophisticated, willful, adaptive and informed approach. Real-time, information-based decision making - which Tien （2003） has called the decision informatics paradigm - is the approach advanced herein to help make the right decisions at the various stages of a disruption. It is focused on decisions and based on multiple data sources, data fusion and analysis methods, timely information, stochastic decision models and a systems engineering outlook; moreover, it is multidisciplinary, evolutionary and systemic in practice. The approach provides a consistent way to address real-time emergency issues, including those concerned with the preparation for a major disruption, the prediction of such a disruption, the prevention or mitigation of the disruption, the detection of the disruption, the response to the disruption, and the recovery steps that are necessary to adequately, if not fully, recuperate from the disruption. The efforts of the U. S. Department of Homeland Security and its academically-based Homeland Security Centers of excellence are considered within the proposed types, stages and decisions framework.

关键词： Data fusion data analysis adaptive algorithms decision modeling systems engineering

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生物质碳热还原制备铁碳复合催化剂的理化性质及催化氧化降解刚果红的性能研究

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环境污染与防治 2024年第1期46卷 20-25页

作者：王娥李导玉钱锴程佩李淑萍孔令军广东省核工业地质局二九三大队广东广州510800 河源市生态环境监测监控中心广东河源517001 广州市生态环境局花都分局广东广州510801 广州大学环境科学与工程学院广东省放射性核素污染控制与资源化重点实验室广东广州510006

铁元素作为环境广泛存在的元素,由于多价态特征而被广泛应用于催化氧化降解有机污染物,主要有零价铁和铁硫化物。以可溶性淀粉为碳源,FeSO 4为铁源,通过碳热还原法合成多孔碳负载纳米零价铁和Fe_(0.96) S的复合催化剂。利用X射线衍射(X... 详细信息

铁元素作为环境广泛存在的元素,由于多价态特征而被广泛应用于催化氧化降解有机污染物,主要有零价铁和铁硫化物。以可溶性淀粉为碳源,FeSO 4为铁源,通过碳热还原法合成多孔碳负载纳米零价铁和Fe_(0.96) S的复合催化剂。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(Sem)探索铁元素的形态和形貌在碳热还原中的变化规律,研究其催化活化过硫酸钾(KPS)氧化降解水中染料刚果红(CR)的活性,分析影响活化KPS氧化降解CR效率的主要因素。结果表明,在碳化温度为800℃时,得到一种多孔碳负载纳米零价铁和Fe_(0.96) S的复合催化剂。当CR初始质量浓度为500 mg/L、催化剂投加量为1 g/L时,30 min内CR的降解率可达约100%。CR降解过程会产生大量的小分子有机酸中间产物,导致反应过程溶液的pH逐渐降低至约3。因此,通过碳热还原法能获得多孔碳负载纳米零价铁和Fe_(0.96) S的复合催化剂,可广泛应用于催化氧化去除水中有机污染物。

关键词：铁催化氧化过硫酸钾刚果红

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黄酮类化合物调控Keap1-Nrf2/ARe信号通路的抗氧化机制及其在畜禽生产中应用的研究进展

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中国畜牧兽医 2024年第7期51卷 2880-2889页

作者：鄂晓迪赵晓南赵金标胡友军广东酸能生物科技有限公司清远511500 广东酸动力生物科技有限公司清远511500 中国农业大学动物科技学院北京100193

黄酮类化合物属于多酚类化合物,广泛存在于天然植物中,具备很强的抗氧化能力。近年来,越来越多的研究证明黄酮类化合物作为饲料添加剂有益于畜牧生产。Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1-核因子e2相关因子2/抗氧化反应元件(Keap1-Nrf2/ARe)是... 详细信息

黄酮类化合物属于多酚类化合物,广泛存在于天然植物中,具备很强的抗氧化能力。近年来,越来越多的研究证明黄酮类化合物作为饲料添加剂有益于畜牧生产。Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1-核因子e2相关因子2/抗氧化反应元件(Keap1-Nrf2/ARe)是增强机体抗氧化能力的关键信号通路,参与抵抗外界氧化应激。黄酮类化合物主要通过调控Keap1-Nrf2/ARe通路,激活上下游关键因子,提高抗氧化酶的活性,提高机体抗氧化能力,从而改善畜禽生长性能、繁殖性能和机体免疫力。作者通过综述Keap1-Nrf2/ARe分子结构和发挥抗氧化作用的机制,以及黄酮类化合物调控Keap1-Nrf2/ARe信号通路及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究,旨在为黄酮类化合物作为饲料添加剂的进一步开发和应用提供参考。

关键词： Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1) 核因子e2相关因子2(Nrf2) 黄酮类化合物抗氧化机制

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BIG DATA:UNLeASHING INFORmATION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2013年第2期22卷 127-151页

作者： James m.TIeN College of engineering University of Miami

At present, it is projected that about 4 zettabytes （or 10^＊＊21 bytes） of digital data are being generated per year by everything from underground physics experiments to retail transactions to security cameras to global positioning systems. In the U. S., major research programs are being funded to deal with big data in all five sectors （i.e., services, manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining） of the economy. Big Data is a term applied to data sets whose size is beyond the ability of available tools to undertake their acquisition, access, analytics and/or application in a reasonable amount of time. Whereas Tien （2003） forewarned about the data rich, information poor （DRIP） problems that have been pervasive since the advent of large-scale data collections or warehouses, the DRIP conundrum has been somewhat mitigated by the Big Data approach which has unleashed information in a manner that can support informed - yet, not necessarily defensible or valid - decisions or choices. Thus, by somewhat overcoming data quality issues with data quantity, data access restrictions with on-demand cloud computing, causative analysis with correlative data analytics, and model-driven with evidence-driven applications, appropriate actions can be undertaken with the obtained information. New acquisition, access, analytics and application technologies are being developed to further Big Data as it is being employed to help resolve the 14 grand challenges （identified by the National Academy of engineering in 2008）, underpin the 10 breakthrough technologies （compiled by the massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2013） and support the Third Industrial Revolution of mass customization.

关键词： Big data data acquisition data access data analytics data application decision informatics products processes adaptive services digital manufacturing mass customization third industrial revolution

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The role of landscape setting in minimizing hydrogeomorphic impacts of flow regulation

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 149-161页

作者： H.e.ReID G.J.BRIeRLeY K.mCFARLANe S.e.COLemAN S.TROWSDALe School of environment The University of Auckland Department of Civil and environmental engineering The University of Auckland

The Tongariro Power Development Scheme（TPDS） is used to regulate flow in the headwaters of the largest catchment on the North Island of New Zealand（the Waikato）.Two small dams,the Rangipo Dam and the Poutu Intake Dam,were constructed in 1973 and *** flow regime of the river is managed to divert freshes into the power scheme,but allows flows larger than 100 m;s;to be released,to rework and transport sediment through the catchment. Analysis of aerial photos and maps spanning 1928 to 2007,alongside field measurements,show that there have been few hydrogeomorphic adjustments since dam *** includes limited changes to channel geometry,channel planform and bed material organization immediately downstream of the *** addition,offsite effects are minimal, both 500 m downstream of each dam,and in the more sensitive,less confined reaches in the lower catchment（11 km downstream of the Poutu Intake dam）.The limited changes can be attributed to the locations of the dams within reaches characterised by bedrock gorges and confined within *** locations act to flush sediments and impose margins that allow minimal adjustment of the *** material within this reach is characterised by the presence of a boulder *** is sourced from long-term incision into lahar deposits,and acts to limit the rate of incision, creating a steep and stable base upon which active fractions are *** as importantly,significant storage in the low-relief volcanic plateau located in the upper catchment acts to disconnect and store the high sediment yields generated by active volcanic cones in the western sub-catchment upstream of the *** limits the rate of sediment supply to regulated *** from this study show that analysis of reach-scale controls is essential in framing dam site locations in relation to the distribution of reaches and landscape units across the *** this instance, tributary inputs downstream of the dams do not repl

关键词： Flow regulation Landscape setting Landscape connectivity Sediment storage Channel planform

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Two Classes of New exact Solutions to （2＋1）-Dimensional Breaking Soliton equation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2005年第5X期44卷 807-809页

作者： PeNG Yan-Ze e.V. Krishnan Department of mathematics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of mathematics and Statistics Sultan Qaboos University P.O. Box 36 A1-Khod 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman

The singular manifold method is used to obtain two general solutions to a (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation, each of which contains two arbitrary functions. Then the new periodic wave solutions in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions are generated from the general solutions. The long wave limit yields the new types of dromion and solitary structures.

关键词： (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation exact solutions singular manitold method

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Analysis of culturable and unculturable microbial community in bensulfuron-methyl contaminated paddy soils

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1494-1500页

作者： m.L.Umashankara Department of Sericulture College of YuvarajasMysore University

To investigate the influence of bensulfuron-methyl(BSm)on culturable microbial quantities and unculturable microbial community structures,conventional and molecular biological methods were employed in five BSm treated soils with three replications,respectively. The results obtained with traditional culture-dependent methods showed that a low-level of BSm had slight and transient effects on culturable microorganisms;nevertheless,high concentration of BSm resulted in a dramatic decrease in bacterial colony fo...

关键词： bensulfuron-methyl(BSm) microbial quantities community structures DGGe

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Bright,high-repetition-rate water window soft X-ray source enabled by nonlinear pulse self-compression in an antiresonant hollow-core fibre

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 313-319页

作者： m.Gebhardt T.Heuermann R.Klas C.Liu A.Kirsche m.Lenski Z.Wang C.Gaida J.e.Antonio-Lopez A.Schülzgen R.Amezcua-Correa J.Rothhardt J.Limpert Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-Universitat JenaAlbert-Einstein-Str.1507745 JenaGermany Helmholtz-Institute Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany CReOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision engineering Albert-Einstein-Str.707745 JenaGermany Active Fiber Systems GmbH Ernst-Ruska-Ring 1707745 JenaGermany

Bright,coherent soft X-ray radiation is essential to a variety of applications in fundamental research and life *** date,a high photon flux in this spectral region can only be delivered by synchrotrons,free-electron lasers or high-order harmonic generation sources,which are driven by kHz-class repetition rate lasers with very high peak ***,we establish a novel route toward powerful and easy-to-use SXR sources by presenting a compact experimentin which nonlinear pulse self-compression to the few-cycle regime is combined with phase-matched high-orderharmonic generation in a single,helium-illed antiresonant hollow-core *** enables the first 100 kHz-classrepetition rate,table-top soft X-ray source that delivers an application-relevant flux of 2.8×10^6 photon s^-1 eV^-1 around 300 *** fibre integration of temporal pulse self-compression(leading to the formation of the necessarystrong-field waveforms)and pressure-controlled phase matching will allow compact,high-repetition-rate lasertechnology,including commercially available systems,to drive simple and cost-effective,coherent high-flux softX-ray sources.

关键词： pulse repetition fibre

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ON INTeGRATION AND ADAPTATION IN COmPLeX SeRVICe SYSTemS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2008年第4期17卷 385-415页

作者： James m.TIeN College of engineering University of miami Coral GablesFloridaUSA

The services sector employs a large and growing proportion of workers in the industrialized nations, and it is increasingly dependent on information and communication technologies. While the interdependences, similarities and complementarities of manufacturing and services are significant, there are considerable differences between goods and services, including the shift in focus from mass production to mass customization （whereby a service is produced and delivered in response to a customer＇s stated or imputed needs）. In general, services can be considered to be knowledge-intensive agents or components which work together as providers and consumers to create or co-produce value. Like manufacturing systems, an efficient service system must be an integrated system of systems, leading to greater connectivity and interdependence. Integration must occur over the physical, temporal, organizational and functional dimensions, and must include methods concerned with the component, the management, and the system. moreover, an effective service system must also be an adaptable system, leading to greater value and responsiveness. Adaptation must occur over the dimensions of monitoring, feedback, cybernetics and learning, and must include methods concerned with space, time, and system. In sum, service systems are indeed complex, especially due to the uncertainties associated with the human-centered aspects of such systems. moreover, the system complexities can only be dealt with methods that enhance system integration and adaptation. The paper concludes with several insights, including a plea to shift the current misplaced focus on developing a science or discipline for services to further developing a systems engineering approach to services, an approach based on the integration and adaptation of a host of sciences or disciplines （e.g., physics, mathematics, statistics, psychology, sociology, etc.）. In fact, what is required is a services-related transdisciplinary - beyond a s

关键词： Services service system system components system integration system adaptation system of systems decision informatics real-time decision making

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Flood Hazard Prediction from Soil Properties by Remote Sensing and Genographic Information System:A Case Study of mae Rim Watershed,Chiang mai Province,Thailand

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Pedosphere 1998年第1期8卷 71-78页

作者： PANJIANJIUN e．BeRGSmA 等 CollegeofResourceandenvironmentalScience NanjingAgri.Nniv.Nanjing210095（CHina） SoilSurveyDivision In

Physiography and soil in mae Rim watershed, Chiang mai Province, Thailand were investigated by using aerial photographs and satellite image in conjunction with field work, and soil infiltration rate and soil shear resistance were measured in field. many factors affecting runoff were analyzed using the Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS). As a result, a model determining flood hazard was set up. Three maps including runoff curve number map, runoff coefficient map, and flood inundation map were created. In addition, the time of concentration was predicted.

关键词： flood hazard prediction mae Rim watershed soil properties surface runout coefficient

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