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nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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nanotechnology and Precision engineering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： s.n.Pleskova e.V.Lazarenko n.A.Bezrukov R.n.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov m.e.Dokukin s.I.surodin Research Laboratory of scanning Probe microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia sarov Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFm detection *** results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferences of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy metabolism

mOFs衍生多孔碳复合催化剂的制备及锌空气电池应用研究

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MOFs衍生多孔碳复合催化剂的制备及锌空气电池应用研究

作者：李宗旭湖北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

锌空气电池（ZAB）具有高能量密度、更好的安全性以及低碳环保的特性,是近些年新能源领域的研究热点。然而其有限的输出功率和较低的充放电稳定性是阻止了其进一步的商用化。氧还原反应（Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR）和氧析出反应（... 详细信息

锌空气电池（ZAB）具有高能量密度、更好的安全性以及低碳环保的特性,是近些年新能源领域的研究热点。然而其有限的输出功率和较低的充放电稳定性是阻止了其进一步的商用化。氧还原反应（Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR）和氧析出反应（Oxygen evolution reaction,OeR）是ZAB中两个重要的阴极反应。因此开发高效、稳定的ORR/OeR双功能催化剂是提高ZAB性能的关键。本文首先介绍了我们所面临的能源问题,说明了锌空气电池在新能源领域的优势,阐述了ZAB的结构和工作原理,以及ORR和OeR的反应机理。此外,介绍了目前几种ZAB阴极催化剂的种类,各自的优缺点以及研究现状。本论文的主要工作是制备了以各种不同mOF（metal Organic Frameworks）做为前驱体的过渡金属氮碳化合物与过渡金属磷化物催化剂。mOF材料是一种具有结构可调、高孔隙率等特点的金属有机骨架材料,并且具有高含量的氮,能够提供稳定的氮源,并且能够提供所需要的多种金属离子,是目前催化领域的热点材料。以mOF材料作为前驱体模版,通过高温热解,制备出了mOF衍生的过渡金属磷化物及氮磷碳化合物的催化剂me（P）-n-C,之后对制备的催化剂的结构特性以及元素组成进行了表征,测试了其电化学性能,探究了其催化机理,随后将制备的电催化剂制备为空气电极组装了水系锌空气电池和柔性锌空气电池,实际测试了其功率以及充放电性能。为今后制备ORR/OeR双功能催化剂探索了道路。主要的工作总结如下:1、在氧化石墨烯中加入子锌离子以及二甲基咪唑原位生长ZIF-8,再通过加入钴离子以及二甲基咪唑形成以石墨烯为载体的ZIF-67包覆的ZIF-8的双mOF模板,最后通过高温热解碳化得到石墨烯纳米袋包覆的具有多孔核壳结构的Co-n-C纳米颗粒。该催化剂在碱性条件下对ORR和OeR具有显著的双功能电催化性能,其中ORR的半波电位为0.86 V,在10 m A cm条件下,OeR的过电位为1.65 V。用其作为ZAB阴极催化剂的锌空气电池显示开路电压（OCV）为1.60 V,峰值功率密度为236.2 m W cm,并且具有良好的循环稳定性。该项工作为设计高效过渡金属氮碳化合物催化剂提供了思路。2、通过使用对苯二甲酸以及三氯化铁合成铁基mOF:mIL-88B,该mOF具有独特的棒状中空结构。随后,加入卟啉钴和尿素进行高温热解,使其充分氮化碳化,形成了具有网状结构的氮掺杂碳负载的铁钴纳米合金（CoFe/nC）,其在碱性条件下的ORR反应半波电位为0.83 V,优于商业Pt/C催化剂（0.79 V）,OeR反应过电位为1.51 V,双功能电催化反应电位差为0.67 V,将其做为正极催化剂组装水系锌空气电池,其起始电压为1.52 V,放电时长为180小时,有效充放电循环达到1000小时。将其做为正极催化剂,以及使用PVA膜组装为柔性电池,其放电时长达到7小时,充放电循环达到30小时,说明该催化剂具有优异的双功能催化性能以及良好的稳定性。3、通过在硝酸钴和硝酸锌溶液中加入二甲基咪唑形成具有钴锌双金属mOF,使用三聚氰胺磷酸盐（mPP）作为磷化剂,将钴锌双金属mOF以及磷化剂通过固相法混合然后在惰性气氛下高温煅烧,使锌离子在高温条件下挥发,钴离子被磷化,最后形成氮掺杂多孔碳负载CoP/CoP异质结纳米颗粒。对其结构和元素组成进行了表征,测试了其电化学性能,并探究了其催化机理。该催化剂在碱性条件下ORR反应的半波电位为0.83 V,在10 m A cm条件下,OeR的过电位为1.61 V,OeR/ORR反应电位差为0.78 V,优于Pt/C+Ru O催化剂,在1000小时的充放电循环中具有有良好的循环稳定性。

关键词：锌空气电池 ORR OeR mOF 过渡金属双功能电催化剂

基于动态避障风险区域的仿生机器鱼路径规划方法

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机器人 2024年第4期46卷 488-502页

作者：李宗刚王治平夏广庆康会峰兰州交通大学机电工程学院甘肃兰州730070 兰州交通大学机器人研究所甘肃兰州730070 大连理工大学工业装备结构分析优化与CAe软件全国重点实验室辽宁大连116024 北华航天工业学院河北省跨介质飞行器重点实验室河北廊坊065000

针对来流速度固定、存在多个静态漂浮障碍物和动态障碍物的复杂水环境中胸尾鳍协同推进仿生机器鱼的自主避碰问题,提出了一种基于动态避障风险区域(DAR)的路径规划方法。首先,结合所建立的机器鱼水动力学模型,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波法构造... 详细信息

针对来流速度固定、存在多个静态漂浮障碍物和动态障碍物的复杂水环境中胸尾鳍协同推进仿生机器鱼的自主避碰问题,提出了一种基于动态避障风险区域(DAR)的路径规划方法。首先,结合所建立的机器鱼水动力学模型,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波法构造沿障碍物运动方向的类椭球形动态避障风险区域,其长轴与障碍物的运动速度成正比,并通过模糊控制方法对卡尔曼滤波过程的噪声方差进行估计,得到该区域的精确边界;其次,结合机器鱼视场内障碍物的位姿与速度,去除同向运动且速度大于机器鱼的无风险障碍物,实时获得动态环境中的避障风险区域集合,进而得到机器鱼可通行时变区域;最后,根据先避近后避多、边界距离最短原则初步确定先转向、后俯仰的空间避碰策略,进而以障碍物作为外界扰动,设计以期望位姿为输入的非线性模型预测控制器,实时优化得到机器鱼的转弯半径、俯仰角和两侧胸鳍相位差等控制参数,驱动机器鱼安全、快速地通过当前障碍物区域。实验结果表明,机器鱼通过多障碍物区域时,与风险区域边界的最小距离为0.15 m,速度最高达0.15 m/s,空间避障速度最高为0.3 m/s,运动机动性较高且运动轨迹比较平滑,验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词：仿生机器鱼动力学分析动态避障风险区域非线性模型预测控制

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt m.Gyrdymov s.Zähter P.Tavana m.m.Günther n.Bukharskii n.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.shen A.Pukhov n.e.Andreev O.n.Rosmej Faculty of electrical engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GsI Helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany national Research nuclear University mePhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAs Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHeLIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 meV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHm of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

沙棘叶多糖对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力的改善作用

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现代食品科技 2024年

作者：刘松赵燕李宗树魏海峰吉林省人民医院

通过建立血管性痴呆大鼠模型，研究沙棘叶多糖对学习记忆能力的影响。设置假手术组、模型组、低、高剂量沙棘叶多糖组（100、200 mg/kg）及尼莫地平组（6.25 mg/kg），干预治疗28 d后检测相关指标变化。结果显示，与模型组比较，低、高... 详细信息

通过建立血管性痴呆大鼠模型，研究沙棘叶多糖对学习记忆能力的影响。设置假手术组、模型组、低、高剂量沙棘叶多糖组（100、200 mg/kg）及尼莫地平组（6.25 mg/kg），干预治疗28 d后检测相关指标变化。结果显示，与模型组比较，低、高剂量沙棘叶多糖组逃避潜伏期降低了24.35%、32.90%(Pspase-3)m RnA表达减少（PmRnA表达增加（PsH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（sOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及核因子e2相关因子2(nrf2)、血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)蛋白表达增加（PmDA）含量降低（P<0.01）。以上结果表明，沙棘叶多糖可以通过抗凋亡及抑制氧化应激发挥改善血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力作用，提示其在预防和治疗血管性痴呆方面有一定的应用前景。

关键词：沙棘叶多糖血管性痴呆学习记忆能力凋亡氧化应激

增材制造Ti6Al4V合金的闪速等离子体电解氧化与在生理介质中的电化学行为

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Transactions of nonferrous metals society of China 2024年第4期34卷 1150-1166页

作者： H.mORA-sAnCHeZ C.RAmOs m.mOHeDAnO B.TORRes R.ARRABAL e.mATYKInA Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de materiales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain CIDeTeC Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Po.Miramón 19620014 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Departamento matemática Aplicada Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología ElectrónicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosC/Tulipán s/nMóstoles 28933MadridSpain

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am)(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PeO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(<120 s)PeO处理(也称闪速PeO),在Am合金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm厚、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改... 详细信息

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am)(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PeO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(s)PeO处理(也称闪速PeO),在Am合金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm厚、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改良的α-mem溶液中,通过动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(eIs)评估了合金的电化学行为。与传统合金相比,Am合金中形成了细小的层片状α显微组织和层间小尺寸的β相颗粒,这促使了火花的产生,从而促进了PeO涂层的生长。闪速PeO涂层提高了传统合金和Am合金的耐腐蚀性,最薄的涂层(m)提供了高达3倍的保护。Am Ti6Al4V由于其高的晶界密度,易受局部缝隙腐蚀的影响。而即使短至35 s的闪速PeO处理也足以成功避免这种情况。

关键词：增材制造激光粉末床熔融等离子体电解氧化闪速PeO 钛缝隙腐蚀 α-mem

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Astrophysical s-factor and reaction rate for 15n(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： s.B.Dubovichenko A.s.Tkachenko R.Ya.Kezerashvili n.A.Burkova B.m.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan new York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate school and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh national University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

We study radiative p^(15)n capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(mPCm)with forbidden states,including low-lying *** investigation of the ^(15)n(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)s_(1) resonances due to e1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)P_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)n channel due to the ^(3)P_(1)→^(3)P_(0)m1 *** calculated the astrophysical low-energy s-factor,and the extrapolated s(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 keV·*** important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)n(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the s-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is *** reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing *** has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CnO Gamow windows,especially at low *** estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from ***.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=*** present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)n(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)n(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)n(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)n(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the mPCm and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)n system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CnO-cycle

Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： morten s.Hansen Kaja madsen maria Price Kent søe Yasunori Omata mario m.Zaiss Caroline m.Gorvin morten Frost Alexander Rauch molecular endocrinology Laboratory(KmeB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of metabolism and systems Research(ImsR)and Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for membrane Proteins and Receptors(COmPARe) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of molecular medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany steno Diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast *** were differentiated from CD14+monocytes from eight female *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RnA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLnB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density snPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(ssTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating ssTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.nadaraia D.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.s.Gerasimenko e.A.Belov V.V.Kumeiko D.n.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko V.V.mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.s.Osmushko s.L.sinebryukhov s.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FeB RAs 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirmunsky national scientific Center of marine Biology FeB RAs 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia nmIC“Treatment and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PeO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to sem,eDs,XRD and XPs data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PeO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PeO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin