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A Resource Management Algorithm for Virtual Machine Migration in Vehicular Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2647-2663页

作者： Sohan Kumar Pande Sanjaya Kumar Panda Satyabrata Das Kshira Sagar Sahoo Ashish kr.Luhach N.Z.Jhanjhi Roobaea Alroobaea Sivakumar Sivanesan Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology Burla Burla768018India National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal506004India VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of engineering and Technology Hyderabad500090India The Papua New Guinea University of Technology Lae-41PapuaNew Guinea School of Computer Science and engineering Taylor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500Malaysia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

In recent years,vehicular cloud computing(VCC)has gained vast attention for providing a variety of services by creating virtual machines(VMs).These VMs use the resources that are present in modern smart *** studies reported that some of these VMs hosted on the vehicles are overloaded,whereas others are *** a circumstance,the energy consumption of overloaded vehicles is drastically *** the other hand,underloaded vehicles are also drawing considerable energy in the underutilized ***,minimizing the energy consumption of the VMs that are hosted by both overloaded and underloaded is a challenging issue in the VCC *** proper and efcient utilization of the vehicle’s resources can reduce energy consumption *** of the solutions is to improve the resource utilization of underloaded vehicles by migrating the over-utilized VMs of overloaded *** the other hand,a large number of VM migrations can lead to wastage of energy and time,which ultimately degrades the performance of the *** paper addresses the issues mentioned above by introducing a resource management algorithm,called resource utilization-aware VM migration(RU-VMM)algorithm,to distribute the loads among the overloaded and underloaded vehicles,such that energy consumption is ***-VMM monitors the trend of resource utilization to select the source and destination vehicles within a predetermined threshold for the process of VM *** ensures that any vehicles’resource utilization should not exceed the threshold before or after the ***-VMM also tries to avoid unnecessary VM migrations between the ***-VMM is extensively simulated and tested using nine *** results are carried out using three performance metrics,namely number of nal source vehicles(nfsv),percentage of successful VM migrations(psvmm)and percentage of dropped VM migrations(pdvmm),and compared with threshold-based algorithm(i.e.,threshold)and

关键词： Resource management virtual machine migration vehicular cloud computing resource utilization source vehicle destination vehicle

Stress and Strain Accumulation Due to a Long Dip-Slip Fault Movement in an elastic-Layer over a Viscoelastic Half Space Model of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第3期4卷 549-557页

作者： Sanjay Sen Subrata kr. Debnath Department of Applied Mathematics University of Calcutta Kolkata India Department of Basic Science and Humanities Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology(A Unit of Techno India Group) Kolkata India

Most of the earthquake faults in North-east India, China, mid Atlantic-ridge, the Pacific seismic belt and Japan are found to be predominantly dip-slip in nature. In the present paper a dip-slip fault is taken situated in an elastic layer over a viscoelastic half space representing the lithosphere-asthenosphere system. A movement of the dip-slip nature across the fault occurs when the accumulated stress due to various tectonic reasons e.g. mantle convection etc., exceeds the local friction and cohesive forces across the fault. The movement is assumed to be slipping in nature, expressions for displacements, stresses and strains are obtained by solving associated boundary value problem with the help of integral transformation and Green’s function method and a suitable numerical methods is used for computation. A detailed study of these expressions may give some ideas about the nature of stress accumulation in the system, which in turn will be helpful in formulating an earthquake prediction programme.

关键词： Aseismic Period Dip-Slip Fault earthquake Prediction Mantle Convection Plate Movements Stress Accumulation Tectonic Process Viscoelastic-Layered Model

Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam e.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan Jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky Simon von kroge Julian Delsmann eva Pawlus Kian eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

Linking molecular deadwood-inhabiting fungal diversity and community dynamics to ecosystem functions and processes in Central european forests

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第2期77卷 367-379页

作者： Björn Hoppe Witoon Purahong Tesfaye Wubet Tiemo Kahl Jürgen Bauhus Tobias Arnstadt Martin Hofrichter François Buscot Dirk krüger Department of Soil ecology UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Str.4D-06120 Halle(Saale)Germany Faculty of environment and Natural Resources Chair of SilvicultureUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.4D-79085 Freiburg i.Brsg.Germany Technical University of Munich Chair for Soil ScienceIngolstädter Landstr.1D-85758 OberschleissheimGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigDeutscher Platz 5eD-04103 LeipzigGermany Department of Bio-and environmental Sciences Technical University of DresdenInternational Institute(IHI)ZittauMarkt 23D-02763 ZittauGermany

Fungi play vital roles in the decomposition of deadwood due to their secretion of various enzymes that break down plant cell-wall *** compositions of woodinhabiting fungal(WIF)communities change over the course of the decomposition process as the remaining mass of wood decreases and both abiotic and biotic conditions of the wood significantly *** is currently not resolved which substrate-related factors govern these changes in WIF communities and whether such changes influence the deadwood decomposition *** we report a study on fungal richness and community structure in deadwood of Norway spruce and european beech in temperate forest ecosystems using 454 *** aims were to disentangle the factors that correspond to WIF community composition and to investigate the links between fungal richness,taxonomically-resolved fungal identity,and microbial-mediated ecosystem functions and processes by analyzing physico-chemical wood properties,lignin-modifying enzyme activities and wood decomposition *** fungal richness,we found significant differences in community structure between deadwood of different tree *** composition of WIF communities was related to the physico-chemical properties of the deadwood *** rates and the activities of ligninmodifying enzymes were controlled by the succession of the fungal communities and competition scenarios rather than fungal OTU *** results provide further insights into links between fungal community structure and microbialmediated ecosystem functions and processes.

关键词： ecosystem processes enzyme activity Wood decay Physico-chemical wood properties Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Pyrosequencing

Investigation of turbulence rotation in the SOL and plasma edge of W7-X for different magnetic configurations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第6期22卷 21-31页

作者： A krÄMeR-FLeCKeN X HAN M OTTe G ANDA S A BOZHeNKOV D DUNAI G FUCHeRT J GeIGeR O GRULKe e PASCH e R SCOTT e TRIeR M VÉCSeI T WINDISCH S ZOLeTNIK W7-X Team Institute for energy-and Climate Research/Plasma Physics Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People's Republic of China Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik 17491 GreifswaldGermany Wigner Research Centre for Physics 1525 BudapestHungary Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik 85748 GarchingGermany 不详

The W7-X stellarator is optimized with respect to neoclassical *** turbulent transport plays an important *** is equipped with an inertial cooled graphite divertor which intersects the island chain at the plasma edge depending on the magnetic *** control coils and the plasma current modify the iota profile at the plasma edge and shift the position of the island *** monitor the effects on the poloidal propagation velocity in the scrape-off layer(SOL)and the plasma edge,an O-mode Poloidal Correlation Reflectometer(PCR)is used which simultaneously monitors the propagation of low-k *** in the density range of 0.6?×?1019 m-3 to2?×?1019 m-3 it covers a large part of the SOL and the plasma edge and allows for the experimental determination in the last closed flux surface(LCFS)and the associated shear layer in low to middensity *** this paper it is shown that the propagation in the shear layer and its vicinity is determined best,when based on an elliptical *** magnetic configurations with magnetic edge topology of five independent islands forι?=?1 and six linked islands forι?=?0.81 are *** the effects of the plasma current and additional control coils on the edge magnetic topology are *** coherence spectra of antenna pairs for different poloidal separations is *** a decomposition method for the measured coherence spectra the characterization of turbulence spectra is possible with respect to *** band turbulence and quasi coherent modes.A strong reduction of the broad band turbulence is observed in the vicinity of the LCFS which is evidence for the suppression of low-k turbulence at the shear layer.

关键词： stellarator correlation reflectometer turbulence rotation scrape-off layer island divertor

efficacy of Bacillus subtilis MBI 600 Against Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani and on Growth and Yield of Rice

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Rice science 2012年第1期19卷 55-63页

作者： K. VIJAY krISHNA KUMAR S. kr. YeLLAReDDYGARI M. S. ReDDY J. W. KLOePPeR K. S. LAWReNCe X. G. ZHOU H. SUDINI D. e. GROTH S. krISHNAM RAJU M. e. MILLeR Department of entomology ＆ Plant Pathology Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849 USA ＆ Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University Hyderabad 500030 India Department of entomology ＆ Plant Pathology Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849 USA Texas A ＆ M University Agri-Life Research ＆ Extension Center Texas 77713 USA International Crops Research Institute fo)r the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad 502324 India Rice Research Station LSU AgCenter LA 70578 USA Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute Maruteru AP 534122 India Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849 USA

Rice sheath blight disease （ShB）, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, gives rise to significant grain yield losses. The present study evaluated the efficacy of Integral, the commercial liquid formulation of Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600, against rice ShB and for plant growth promotion. In greenhouse studies, four log concentrations of Integral （from 2.2×10^6 to 2.2×10^9 cfu/mL） were used as seed treatment （ST）. After 25 d, seedlings were dipped （SD） into Integral prior to transplanting. At 30 d after transplanting （DAT）, leaf sheaths were inoculated with immature sclerotia of the pathogen. At 45 DAT, a foliar spray （FS） with Integral was applied to some treatments. The fungicide control was 50% carbendazim at 1.0 g/L, and a nontreated control was also included. Overall, there were 10 treatments, each with five replications. ShB severity was rated at 52 DAT, and seedling height and number of tillers per plant were rated at 60 DAT. In 2009, two field trials evaluated Integral at 2.2×10^8 and 2.2×10^9 cfu/mL. Integral was applied as ST, and seedlings were produced in a nursery bed. After 32 d, seedlings were treated with Integral as SD and transplanted into 10 m^2 blocks. Foliar sprays were given at 45 and 60 DAT. There were seven treatments, each with eight replications arranged as a factorial randomized complete block design. At 20 DAT, the plots were broadcast inoculated with R. solani produced on rice grains. Seedling height before transplanting, ShB severity at 90 DAT, and grain yield at harvest were recorded. Integral at 2.2×10^9 cfu/mL provided significant increase of seedling heights over other treatments under greenhouse conditions. The Integral treatments of ST ＋ SD ＋ FS at 2.2×10^9 cfu/mL significantly suppressed ShB over other treatments. In field studies, Integral provided significant increase of seedling height in nursery, and number of tillers per plant, compared with the control. ShB severity was significantly suppressed with higher concentrations of Integ

关键词： rice sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis

Molecules in the Atmospheres of Giant Planets and Comets

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天文研究与技术 1999年第S1期 190-196页

作者： Sang Joon Kim Department of Astronomy and Space Science Kyunghee University, Suwon, 449 701 KOReA e mail sjkim@khobs kyunghee ac kr

Spectroscopic observations of planets and comets from earth based observatories and spaceborne observatories during the last 3 decades have produced a long list of molecules, radicals, and ions. The molecules in the atmospheres of giant planets and in the comae of comets have been considered to have a clue to the chemical evolution of the solar system from local interstellar clouds to the current solar system. The detection chronology of these molecules, and gradual improvement of our understanding of the chemistry of the molecules in the atmospheres are presented. Recent findings of new molecules in bright comets Hale Bopp (C/1995 O1) and Hyakutake (C/1996 B2) using infrared and radio telescopes are highlighted. Implications of the abundances of these molecules and isotopic ratios in the atmospheres are discussed.

关键词： Nature

Analysis of the Surface Passivation Mechanisms of p-Doped Crystalline Silicon by Two Different Al₂O₃ Coatings via Transient Photo-Conductance Measurements

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical engineering 2016年第2期4卷 32-39页

作者： David Klein Wiebke Ohm Martin krü ger Marinus Kunst Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fü r Materialien und energie Institute Solar Fuels (E-IF) Berlin Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fü r Materialien und energie Institut f&uuml r Heterogene Materialsysteme (e-IH) Berlin Germany

In this paper, contactless transient photo-conductance measurements are applied to p-doped mono-crystalline Silicon (p-Si) coated by two different kinds of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) layers in order to study alternative routes to the standard atomic layer deposition (ALD). The aluminum oxides layers were deposited by either spin coating or ion layer gas reaction (ILGAR?). For both coatings an increase of the charge carrier life time is observed indicating a passivation of the p-Si surface. This study shows alternative deposition methods and the potential of transient photocon- ductance measurements for the elucidation of the origin of the passivation. We show that the passivation induced by coating deposited via ILGAR is at least partially due to charge carrier trapping and storage at the interface. It was also surprisingly found that for those coatings, annealing at 425℃ leads to a decrease of the life time. This points to temperature instability for both coatings.

关键词： Photo-Conductance Passivation Aluminum Oxide Silicon

Characterization of a Novel Low-Power SRAM Bit-Cell Structure at Deep Sub-Micron CMOS Technology for Multimedia Applications

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Circuits and Systems 2012年第1期3卷 23-28页

作者： Rakesh Kumar Singh Manisha Pattanaik Neeraj kr. Shukla Department of e & Ce BT-Kumaon Engineering College Department of Information Technology VLSI Group ABV-IIITM Gwalior Department of eeCe ITM University

To meet the increasing demands for higher performance and low-power consumption in present and future Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) require a large amount of on-die/embedded memory. In Deep-Sub-Micron (DSM) technology, it is coming as challenges, e.g., leakage power, performance, data retentation, and stability issues. In this work, we have proposed a novel low-stress SRAM cell, called as IP3 SRAM bit-cell, as an integrated cell. It has a separate write sub-cell and read sub-cell, where the write sub-cell has dual role of data write and data hold. The data read sub-cell is proposed as a pMOS gated ground scheme to further reduce the read power by lowering the gate and subthreshold leakage currents. The drowsy voltage is applied to the cell when the memory is in the standby mode. Further, it utilizes the full-supply body biasing scheme while the memory is in the standby mode, to further reduce the subthreshold leakage current to reduce the overall standby power. To the best of our knowledge, this low-stress memory cell has been proposed for the first time. The proposed IP3 SRAM Cell has a significant write and read power reduction as compared to the conventional 6 T and PP SRAM cells and overall improved read stability and write ability performances. The proposed design is being simulated at VDD = 0.8 V and 0.7 V and an analysis is presented here for 0.8 V to adhere previously reported works. The other design parameters are taken from the CMOS technology available on 45 nm with tOX = 2.4 nm, Vthn = 0.224 V, and Vthp = 0.24 V at T = 27?C.

关键词： SRAM Low-Power Active Power Standby Power Gate Leakage Sub-Threshold Leakage